The Effect of Varying Oxygen Tension on Diffusing Capacity for No and CO (DLNO and DLCO), Membrane Diffusing Capacity (DM) and Lung Capillary Blood Volume (QC)

1991 ◽  
Vol 80 (s24) ◽  
pp. 7P-7P
Author(s):  
C Borland ◽  
Y Cox ◽  
T Higenbottam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume

scholarly journals Are there sex differences in the capillary blood volume and diffusing capacity response to exercise?

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 460-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa M. Bouwsema ◽  
Vincent Tedjasaputra ◽  
Michael K. Stickland
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Pulmonary Transit Time

Previous work suggests that women may exhibit a greater respiratory limitation in exercise compared with height-matched men. Diffusion capacity (DlCO) increases with incremental exercise, and the smaller lungs of women may limit membrane diffusing capacity (Dm) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) in response to the increased oxygen demand. We hypothesized that women would have lower DlCO, DlCO relative to cardiac output (DlCO/Q̇), Dm, Vc, and pulmonary transit time, secondary to lower Vc at peak exercise. Sixteen women (112 ± 12% predicted relative V̇o2peak) and sixteen men (118 ± 22% predicted relative V̇o2peak) were matched for height and weight. Hemoglobin-corrected diffusing capacity (DlCO), Vc, and Dm were determined via the multiple-[Formula: see text] DlCO technique at rest and during incremental exercise up to 90% of V̇o2peak. Both groups increased DlCO, Vc, and Dm with exercise intensity, but women had 20% lower DlCO ( P < 0.001), 18% lower Vc ( P = 0.002), and 22% lower Dm ( P < 0.001) compared with men across all workloads, and neither group exhibited a plateau in Vc. When expressed relative to alveolar volume (Va), the between-sex difference was eliminated. The drop in DlCO/Q̇ was proportionally less in women than men, and mean pulmonary transit time did not drop below 0.3 s in either group. Women demonstrate consistently lower DlCO, Vc, and Dm compared with height-matched men during exercise; however, these differences disappear with correction for lung size. These results suggest that after differences in lung volume are accounted for there is no intrinsic sex difference in the DlCO, Vc, or Dm response to exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Women demonstrate lower diffusing capacity-to-cardiac output ratio (DlCO/Q̇), pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc), and membrane diffusing capacity (Dm) compared with height-matched men during exercise. However, these differences disappear after correction for lung size. The drop in DlCO/Q̇ was proportionally less in women, and pulmonary transit time did not drop below 0.3 s in either group. After differences in lung volume are accounted for, there is no intrinsic sex difference in DlCO, Vc, or Dm response to exercise.

Chronic and Acute Effects of “Crack” Cocaine on Diffusing Capacity, Membrane Diffusion, and Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume in the Lung

CHEST Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric C. Kleerup ◽  
Sankar N. Koyal ◽  
Jose A. Marques-Magallanes ◽  
Michael D. Goldman ◽  
Donald P. Tashkin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Membrane Diffusion ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume

Pulmonary diffusing capacity and capillary blood volume in normal and anemic dogs

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Jouasset-Strieder ◽  
John M. Cahill ◽  
John J. Byrne ◽  
Edward A. Gaensler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Membrane ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alveolar Capillary

The CO diffusing capacity (Dl) was measured by the single-breath method in eight anesthetized dogs. Pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc) and membrane diffusing capacity (Dm) were determined in six animals by the method of Roughton and Forster. The studies were repeated after anemia had been induced by replacing whole blood with plasma. Large dogs were selected with a mean body weight of 29 kg and a mean alveolar volume of 2,020 ml (STPD) during tests. The mean arterial blood Hb decreased from 14.3 to 6.6 g/100 ml, the mean Dl from 27 to 12 ml/min mm Hg, and the mean Dm from 100 to 47 ml/min mm Hg. Vc averaged 67 ml in the control state and was not significantly changed during anemia. Reductions in Dl and Dm during anemia were proportional to the fall in blood Hb. Both Dl and Dm in all dogs, normal and anemic, were proportional to the volume of red blood cells in the lung capillaries (Vrbc). These results suggest that Vrbc might be an estimate of the useful area of the alveolar-capillary membrane while Dm/Vrbc should vary with changes in its thickness. The latter was not altered by anemia. alveolar capillary membrane; pulmonary membrane; diffusing capacity; pulmonary capillary RBC volume; pulmonary diffusion pathway; carbon monoxide Submitted on March 2, 1964

Gas Transfer for Carbon Monoxide in Polycythaemia Secondary to Hypoxic Lung Disease

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Wedzicha ◽  
F. E. Cotter ◽  
P. J. W. Wallis ◽  
A. C. Newland ◽  
D. W. Empey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
The Mean

1. The transfer factor for carbon monoxide and its subdivisions, the membrane diffusing capacity (Dm) and the pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc), were measured in 16 patients with polycythaemia secondary to chronic hypoxic lung disease and in ten hypoxic non-polycythaemic control subjects. 2. The mean pulmonary capillary blood volume was significantly lower in the polycythaemic patients (31.6 ml, sd 11.2) compared with the control group (65.2 ml, sd 22.5) (P<0.001). 3. Erythrapheresis, as a method of isovolaemic haemodilution, was performed in 15 of the polycythaemic patients. The mean packed cell volume fell from 58 (sd 5)% to 47 (sd 5)% after treatment, with significant reductions in blood viscosity at both high and lower shear rates (P<0.001). 4. The mean pulmonary capillary blood volume increased from 32.3 ml (sd 11.3) before treatment to 48.7 ml (sd 18.7) after erythrapheresis (P<0.01), with no significant change in membrane diffusing capacity. 5. The rise in pulmonary capillary blood volume is another potential physiological advantage of the reduction of packed cell volume in patients with polycythaemia secondary to hypoxic lung disease.

Cardiopulmonary adaptations to pneumonectomy in dogs. IV. Membrane diffusing capacity and capillary blood volume

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 998-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Hsia ◽  
L. F. Herazo ◽  
M. Ramanathan ◽  
R. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Lung Inflation ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Flow Through

Lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) and its components, membrane diffusing capacity (Dmco) and capillary blood volume (Vc), as well as pulmonary blood flow (Qc), were measured at rest at several lung volumes and during treadmill exercise by a rebreathing technique in four adult dogs after right pneumonectomy (R-PNX) and in six matched control dogs (Sham) 6–12 mo after surgery. In both groups, lung inflation at rest was associated with a small increase in DLco and Dmco but not in Vc. After R-PNX, total DLco was lower by 30% at peak exercise compared with control values. When compared with DLco in a normal left lung, DLco in the remaining lung continued to increase along the normal relationship with respect to Qc up to a cardiac output equivalent to 34 l/min through both lungs of the Sham dog. There was no evidence of an upper limit of DLco being reached. The augmentation of DLco from rest to exercise was associated with corresponding increases in Dmco and Vc; after R-PNX, both Dmco and Vc continued to increase with respect to Qc along similar relationships as in control dogs without reaching an upper limit, suggesting a much larger alveolar-capillary reserve for gas exchange by diffusion than previously recognized. At higher levels of blood flow through the remaining lung, DLco was greater in adult dogs after R-PNX than after left pneumonectomy (Carlin et al. J. Appl. Physiol. 70: 135–142, 1991), suggesting that additional sources of compensation, e.g., lung growth, exist after removal of > 50% of lung.

Pulmonary diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary blood volume during parabolic flights

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 1091-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Vaïda ◽  
Christian Kays ◽  
Daniel Rivière ◽  
Pierre Téchoueyres ◽  
Jean-Luc Lachaud
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Parabolic Flights ◽  
Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary ◽  
Capillary Blood Volume ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood ◽  
Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume

Vaı̈da, Pierre, Christian Kays, Daniel Rivière, Pierre Téchoueyres, and Jean-Luc Lachaud.Pulmonary diffusing capacity and pulmonary capillary blood volume during parabolic flights. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(4): 1091–1097, 1997.—Data from the Spacelab Life Sciences-1 (SLS-1) mission have shown sustained but moderate increase in pulmonary diffusing capacity (Dl). Because of the occupational constraints of the mission, data were only obtained after 24 h of exposure to microgravity. Parabolic flights are often used to study some effects of microgravity, and we measured changes in Dl occurring at the very onset of weightlessness. Measurements of Dl, membrane diffusing capacity, and pulmonary capillary blood volume were made in 10 male subjects during the 20-s 0-G phases of parabolic flights performed by the “zero-G” Caravelle aircraft. Using the standardized single-breath technique, we measured Dl for CO and nitric oxide simultaneously. We found significant increases indl for CO (62%), in membrane diffusing capacity for CO (47%), in Dl for nitric oxide (47%), and in pulmonary capillary blood volume (71%). We conclude that major changes in the alveolar membrane gas transfers and in the pulmonary capillary bed occur at the very onset of microgravity. Because these changes are much greater than those reported during sustained microgravity, the effects of rapid transition from hypergravity to microgravity during parabolic flights remain questionable.

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