Validation of Tracer Estimations of Plasma Free Fatty Acid Oxidation

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (s1) ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
LS Sidossis ◽  
AR Coggan ◽  
A Gastaldelli ◽  
RR Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation

Insulin Resistance of Stress: Sites and Mechanisms

1993 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi S. Brandi ◽  
Donatella Santoro ◽  
Andrea Natali ◽  
Fiorella Altomonte ◽  
Simona Baldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation

1. Stress is associated with a severe, yet reversible, form of insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to quantify the kinetics of insulin action (sensitivity and responsiveness) on intermediary metabolism during post-surgical stress. 2. We studied nine patients 6–8 h after major uncomplicated surgery, and eight healthy subjects matched for age, weight, glucose tolerance and duration of fast. A three-step isoglycaemic insulin clamp was combined with indirect calorimetry, [6-3H]glucose infusion and the forearm technique. 3. The following significant (P <0.05 or less) abnormalities were found in the patients. Hepatic glucose production was higher at baseline, and less suppressed by insulin. Whole-body glucose disposal was impaired at all insulin doses (by 33–60%). Glucose oxidation was depressed throughout the dose range but its increments in response to insulin were normal. In contrast, non-oxidative glucose disposal was essentially unresponsive. At all insulin levels, forearm glucose extraction was markedly depressed and forearm lactate release was in excess of concurrent glucose uptake, suggesting ongoing glycogenolysis despite insulin. Total lipolysis (plasma free fatty acid and glycerol levels) promptly responded to insulin but remained higher than in the control subjects throughout. In the forearm, even the highest insulin dose could not suppress net free fatty acid and glycerol release. Total lipid oxidation was increased throughout the insulin range, and calculated direct free fatty acid (as opposed to plasma free fatty acid) oxidation was virtually unaffected by insulin. Protein oxidation was slightly (35%) increased, but was suppressed normally in response to insulin. Energy expenditure was 20% higher at baseline, and tailed to rise with insulin. Arterial blood pH values were consistently (if slightly) lower, and net forearm proton release was higher, both at baseline and daring insulin infusion. 4. Post-surgical unsulin resistance is characterized by normal sensitivity but decreased responsiveness of glucose oxidation, lipolysis and plasma free fatty acid oxidation, whereas glycogen synthesis and direct free fatty acid oxidation are virtually unresponsive. For both glucose and lipid metabolism, the insulin resistance is particularly severe in forearm tissues, in which mild metabolic acidosis may play an additional role.

Effect of prolonged overnight fasting on energy metabolism in non-insulin-dependent diabetic and non-diabetic subjects

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif C. Groop ◽  
Riccardo Bonadonna ◽  
Stefano DelPrato ◽  
Klaus Ratheiser ◽  
Ralph A. DeFronzo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Overnight Fasting

Abstract. The effect on energy metabolism of a 6-h prolongation of the conventional 12-h overnight fast was examined in 9 healthy subjects and in 7 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Plasma glucose concentration decreased by 7 and 23%, in control and diabetic subjects, respectively. In control subjects, the fall in plasma glucose was associated with a slight but significant fall in plasma insulin and a rise in plasma free fatty acid concentrations. During this same period, the rates of plasma free fatty acid oxidation, measured by infusion of [14C]palmitate, and net lipid oxidation, measured by indirect calorimetry, increased in normal subjects by 55 and 76%, respectively; the rate of glucose oxidation measured by indirect calorimetry decreased by 37%. In the diabetic patients, the free fatty acid oxidation rate was enhanced already after 12 h of fasting compared with controls (2.06 vs 1.30 μmol · kg−1 · min−1; p<0.05) and did not change significantly during the 6-h observation period. After 18 h of fasting, the rate of plasma free fatty acid oxidation was similar in control and diabetic subjects. The data thus emphasize the need for strict standardization of the overnight fasting period for metabolic studies, and demonstrate the difficulties in comparing basal rates of substrate oxidation between healthy and diabetic subjects.

scholarly journals Weight Reduction and the Impaired Plasma-Derived Free Fatty Acid Oxidation in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects1

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1644
Author(s):  
E. E. Blaak ◽  
B. H. R. Wolffenbuttel ◽  
W. H. M. Saris ◽  
M. M. A. L. Pelsers ◽  
A. J. M. Wagenmakers
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Modulation of Cardiac Metabolism in Heart Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Rosano ◽  
Andrew Coats
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Cardiac Metabolism ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Capacity Modulation

Heart failure is associated with altered cardiac metabolism, in part, due to maladaptive mechanisms, in part secondary to comorbidities such as diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. The metabolic derangements taking place in heart failure are not limited to the cardiac myocytes, but extend to skeletal muscles and the vasculature causing changes that contribute to the worsening of exercise capacity. Modulation of cardiac metabolism with partial inhibition of free fatty acid oxidation has been shown to be beneficial in patients with heart failure. At the present, the bulk of evidence for this class of drugs comes from Trimetazidine. Newer compounds partially inhibiting free fatty acid oxidation or facilitating the electron transport on the mitochondrial cristae are in early phase of their clinical development.

New directions in the treatment of heart failure: Targeting free fatty acid oxidation

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 236-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Fragasso ◽  
Roberto Spoladore ◽  
Giorgio Bassanelli ◽  
Amarild Cuko ◽  
Chiara Montano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Oxidation
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