Relationship between arterial baroreflex, cardiopulmonary vagal reflex and renal natriuretic response to saline in conscious rabbits

1998 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 693-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine MAYBAUM ◽  
Elena GORODETSKY ◽  
Marta WEINSTOCK
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Saline Infusion ◽  
Vagal Afferents ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Baroreceptors ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity

1. We have previously shown that normotensive rabbits with a genetic impairment in arterial baroreflex sensitivity showed a delayed sodium excretion and failed to increase their renal blood flow in response to a saline infusion that did not alter blood pressure. These renal haemodynamic and excretory abnormalities were abolished by renal denervation. The present study determined the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary baroreceptors and the renal response to a mild saline infusion in normotensive rabbits varying widely in their arterial baroreflex sensitivity. 2. Sensitivity of cardiopulmonary baroreceptors was assessed from the slope of the relationship of the change in both blood pressure and heart rate and the dose of phenylbiguanide, a stimulator of vagal afferents. 3. The change in renal blood flow and lithium and sodium excretion was measured in response to saline, infused at a rate of 0.11 ml·min-1·kg-1 into the ear vein. Urine was collected via a urethral catheter and renal blood flow was measured by para-aminohippurate clearance. 4. A significant correlation was found between the magnitude of the gain of the cardiac arterial baroreflex and the sensitivity of the cardiopulmonary baroreceptor response to phenylbiguanide. The latter was significantly correlated to renal blood flow and lithium clearance 60–90 min after the start of the saline infusion. 5. It was also found that in some normotensive rabbits there was a blunting of cardiovascular regulation as indicated by a reduced sensitivity of cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreceptors. This may explain their abnormal haemodynamic and natriuretic response to salt.

Arterial baroreflex sensitivity and blood pressure variabilities before and after carotid surgery

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (16) ◽  
pp. 763-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hirschl ◽  
M. M. Hirschl ◽  
D. Magometschnigg ◽  
B. Liebisch ◽  
O. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Carotid Surgery ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity

scholarly journals Sympathoexcitation and impaired arterial baroreflex sensitivity are linked to vascular inflammation in individuals with elevated resting blood pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e14057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida T. Fonkoue ◽  
Ngoc‐Anh Le ◽  
Melanie L. Kankam ◽  
Dana DaCosta ◽  
Toure N. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Vascular Inflammation ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity

Renal blood flow, sodium excretion, and concentrating ability during saline infusion

1966 ◽  
Vol 211 (5) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Shuster ◽  
EA Alexander ◽  
RC Lalone ◽  
NG Levinsky
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Saline Infusion

Fundamental relationships between arterial baroreflex sensitivity and dynamic cerebral autoregulation in humans

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1162-1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Chieh Tzeng ◽  
Samuel J. E. Lucas ◽  
Greg Atkinson ◽  
Chris K. Willie ◽  
Philip N. Ainslie
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Transfer Function ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Autoregulation ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Dynamic Cerebral Autoregulation

The functional relationship between dynamic cerebral autoregulation (CA) and arterial baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in humans is unknown. Given that adequate cerebral perfusion during normal physiological challenges requires the integrated control of CA and the arterial baroreflex, we hypothesized that between-individual variability in dynamic CA would be related to BRS in humans. We measured R-R interval, blood pressure, and cerebral blood flow velocity (transcranial Doppler) in 19 volunteers. BRS was estimated with the modified Oxford method (nitroprusside-phenylephrine injections) and spontaneous low-frequency (0.04–0.15) α-index. Dynamic CA was quantified using the rate of regulation (RoR) and autoregulatory index (ARI) derived from the thigh-cuff release technique and transfer function analysis of spontaneous oscillations in blood pressure and mean cerebral blood flow velocity. Results show that RoR and ARI were inversely related to nitroprusside BRS [ R = −0.72, confidence interval (CI) −0.89 to −0.40, P = 0.0005 vs. RoR; R = −0.69, CI −0.88 to −0.35, P = 0.001 vs. ARI], phenylephrine BRS ( R = −0.66, CI −0.86 to −0.29, P = 0.0002 vs. RoR; R = −0.71, CI −0.89 to −0.38, P = 0.0001 vs. ARI), and α-index ( R = −0.70, CI −0.89 to −0.40, P = 0.0008 vs. RoR; R = −0.62, CI −0.84 to −0.24, P = 0.005 vs. ARI). Transfer function gain was positively related to nitroprusside BRS ( R = 0.62, CI 0.24–0.84, P = 0.0042), phenylephrine BRS ( R = 0.52, CI 0.10–0.79, P = 0.021), and α-index ( R = 0.69, CI 0.35–0.88, P = 0.001). These findings indicate that individuals with an attenuated dynamic CA have greater BRS (and vice versa), suggesting the presence of possible compensatory interactions between blood pressure and mechanisms of cerebral blood flow control in humans. Such compensatory adjustments may account for the divergent changes in dynamic CA and BRS seen, for example, in chronic hypotension and spontaneous hypertension.

Atriopeptins: correlation between renal vasodilation and natriuresis

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (1) ◽  
pp. F49-F53 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Wakitani ◽  
B. R. Cole ◽  
D. M. Geller ◽  
M. G. Currie ◽  
S. P. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Diuretic Agents

The effect of atrial peptides on renal function was studied in intact anesthetized dogs. A quantitative comparison of bolus intra-arterial injections demonstrated a rank order potency as renal vasodilators and natriuretic/diuretic agents as follows: ser-leu-arg-arg-atriopeptiin III (SLRR-APIII) greater than high molecular weight artrial peptide greater than or equal to atriopeptin (AP)III = APII much greater than API (essentially inactive). A sustained infusion of APIII was employed in order to study the temporal and quantitative correlation of the renal functional changes induced by the atrial peptide. Both intra-arterial and intravenous administration of the peptide produced concentration-dependent increases in renal blood flow, urine volume, sodium excretion, and osmotic clearance. Infusion of APIII into the renal artery did not alter systemic blood pressure or heart rate. Intravenous infusions of APIII required 10 times higher doses to induce the changes in renal vascular resistance and electrolyte excretion, and a fall in blood pressure and tachycardia resulted. The natriuretic-diuretic effect of the atriopeptins appears to be closely associated with renal vasodilation, exhibiting a positive linear correlation between the peptide-induced changes in sodium excretion and changes in renal blood flow.

scholarly journals Slow Breathing Improves Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity and Decreases Blood Pressure in Essential Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chacko N. Joseph ◽  
Cesare Porta ◽  
Gaia Casucci ◽  
Nadia Casiraghi ◽  
Mara Maffeis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex ◽  
Slow Breathing ◽  
Arterial Baroreflex Sensitivity

Effect of a kinin antagonist on renal function and haemodynamics during alterations in sodium balance in conscious normotensive rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Madeddu ◽  
Nicola Glorioso ◽  
Aldo Soro ◽  
Paolo Manunta ◽  
Chiara Troffa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion

1. To evaluate whether sodium intake can modulate the action of endogenous kinins on renal function and haemodynamics, a receptor antagonist of bradykinin was infused in conscious normotensive rats maintained on either a normal or a low sodium diet. 2. The antagonist inhibited the hypotensive effect of exogenously administered bradykinin. It did not change the vasodepressor effect of acetylcholine, dopamine or prostaglandin E2. 3. The antagonist did not affect mean blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate, renal blood flow or urinary sodium excretion, in rats on sodium restriction. It did not change mean blood pressure, glomerular filtration rate or urinary sodium excretion, but decreased renal blood flow, in rats on a normal sodium intake. 4. The kallikrein–kinin system has a role in the regulation of renal blood flow in rats on a normal sodium diet.

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