Reduction of Hemifacial Spasm and Dysarthria Following EMG Biofeedback

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick T. Rubow ◽  
John C. Rosenbek ◽  
Michael J. Collins ◽  
Gastone G. Celesia
Keyword(s):  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Emg Biofeedback ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
Facial Spasm ◽  
History Of ◽  
Carry Over

In this case study, a geriatric patient who had an 18-year history of hemifacial spasm was given EMG-biofeedback-assisted relaxation training. No formal speech therapy was provided. Our results confirmed two hypotheses: (a) The patient would learn to reduce frontalis EMG and facial spasm with and then without biofeedback, and (b) as a result, speech would be markedly improved. At both the 1-month and 15-month follow-up the patient retained the ability to relax his facial muscles with similar carry-over to speech. Possible neurophysiologic mechanisms of action mediating the feedback training are discussed.

scholarly journals Microvascular Decompression for Patient With Coexistent of Trigeminal Neuralgia, Hemifacial Spasm and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia- a Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Wentao Wang ◽  
Longshuang He ◽  
Yu Su ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Trigeminal Neuralgia ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Involuntary Contraction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia

Abstract Background: Primary trigeminal neuralgia (TN), hemifacial spasm (HFS) and glossopharyngeal neuralgia (GN) are common diseases of nervous system, with similar pathogenesis and treatment strategies. Coexistent of such disease, especially coexistent of TN-HFS-GN simultaneously, is very rare. To date, only nine cases have been reported.Case Presentation: A 70-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes complained of severe involuntary contraction for about 10 years, knife-like and lighting-like pain, which was restricted to the distribution of the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve and pharynx and root of tongue, for about 2 years. Coexistent of TN HFS and GN was diagnosed and MVD was carried out. After MVD, the patient completely free from symptoms and no recurrence and hypoesthesia were recorded in 18 months follow up.Conclusion: Here we report the tenth and oldest male patient with coexistent of TN-HFS-GN. Despite limited reports, MVD is the preferred choice for such diseases which can free patients from spasm and neuralgia.

Refugee and Asylum-Seeking Children in Mae Sot and Bangkok: An Analysis of Unmet Needs and Risks

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paradee Thoresen ◽  
Sue Gillieatt ◽  
Angela Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Psychological Development ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Children’S Perspectives ◽  
Rights Of The Child ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article reports on a longitudinal case study, which included site visits in Thailand from 2014 to 2015, and participant follow-up to mid-2018. It documents the lived experience of children from Syria, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Vietnam, and Myanmar in two different locations in Thailand: Bangkok and Mae Sot (a district close to Thailand-Myanmar border with a long history of economic migrants and refugees from Myanmar). It documents perspectives of children and the adults in their lives while in exile. It presents an analysis of the children’s perspectives on needs and how unmet needs for safety, basic materials, health care, and education put them at risk of arrest, detention, abuse, and exploitation, and impact their psychological development. Contextual factors such as available services, existing policies and laws are also discussed in relation to the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).

Relaxation Training in the Reduction of Traumatic Headaches: A Case Study

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Smith ◽  
Douglas R. Denney
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Training ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Traumatic Head ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Chronic Headaches ◽  
Treatment Gains ◽  
Assertion Training

Self-controlled relaxation training was combined with assertion training to treat a 22-year-old woman with a 2-year history of chronic headaches following a traumatic injury to her head and neck. There was a substantial drop in the frequency of headaches and medication use with the introduction of both components of treatment. Gains were maintained at a 6-month follow-up. The case is presented in the context of a general treatment plan for modification of traumatic headaches. The plan combines a focus on both antecedent (i.e. environmental stress) and consequent (i.e. pain behavior reinforcers) events as possible factors influencing chronic post-traumatic head pain.

scholarly journals Microvascular decompression for atypical hemifacial spasm: lessons learned from a retrospective study of 12 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Liu ◽  
Yue Yuan ◽  
Ying Fang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Li Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Facial Paralysis ◽  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Neurovascular Compression ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Facial Spasm ◽  
Orbicularis Oris Muscle

OBJECT Typical hemifacial spasm (HFS) commonly initiates from the orbicularis oculi muscle to the orbicularis oris muscle. Atypical HFS (AHFS) is different from typical HFS, in which the spasm of muscular orbicularis oris is the primary presenting symptom. The objective of this study was to analyze the sites of compression and the effectiveness of microvascular decompression (MVD) for AHFS. METHODS The authors retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for 12 consecutive patients who underwent MVD for AHFS between July 2008 and July 2013. RESULTS Postoperatively, complete remission of facial spasm was found in 10 of the 12 patients, which gradually disappeared after 2 months in 2 patients. No recurrence of spasm was observed during follow-up. Immediate postoperative facial paralysis accompanied by hearing loss occurred in 1 patient and temporary hearing loss with tinnitus in 2. All 3 patients with complications had gradual improvement during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS The authors conclude that most cases of AHFS were caused by neurovascular compression on the posterior/rostral side of the facial nerve distal to the root entry zones. MVD is a safe treatment for AHFS, but the incidence of postoperative complications, such as facial paralysis and decrease in hearing, remains high.

Microvascular Decompression for Patients With Hemifacial Spasm Associated With Common Trunk Anomaly of the Cerebellar Arteries—Case Study and Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehab El Refaee ◽  
Christian Rosenstengel ◽  
Joerg Baldauf ◽  
Dirk T Pillich ◽  
Marc Matthes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemifacial Spasm ◽  
Microvascular Decompression ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Herpes Encephalitis ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Total Recovery ◽  
The Common

Abstract BACKGROUND Few previous studies have described the origin of both anterior and posterior inferior cerebellar arteries from one vessel as a common trunk anomaly. No previous studies have clearly described the aforementioned anomaly depending on intraoperative endoscopic visualization. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of a common trunk anomaly with hemifacial spasm, which makes microvascular decompression more challenging. METHODS All patients with common trunk anomaly associated with hemifacial spasm who received surgical treatment between 2006 and 2015 in our institution were identified in our prospectively collected database. Detection of the common trunk anomaly was performed using the intraoperative high-definition endoscopic inspection and confirmed by a retrospective review of the obtained operative videos. RESULTS Out of 248 cases of hemifacial spasm, 21 cases with a common trunk anomaly were detected, with an incidence rate of 8.5%. In 6 cases, the spasm was caused by more than 1 offending vessel “complex compression.” In 19 cases, total recovery occurred on follow-up, while in 1 case, 90% recovery occurred. One patient was spasm-free immediately after surgery, but died 3 wk after operation from herpes encephalitis. CONCLUSION Common trunk anomaly in hemifacial spasm is rare. The surgical technique is mostly identical to decompression with normally arising vessels. However, in case of a bifurcation situated close to the compression site where the offending vessel cannot be transposed freely, an extensive cushioning along the trunk and the offending vessels with teflon pledgets should be performed. The presence of a common trunk anomaly does not affect the surgical results.

scholarly journals Unrecognized tuberculosis in a patient with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Mihailo Stjepanovic ◽  
Slobodan Belic ◽  
Ivana Buha ◽  
Nikola Maric ◽  
Marko Baralic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Indicator Tube ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Severe Clinical Presentation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Growth Indicator

Introduction. COVID-19 is responsible for the current global pandemic. Globally, over 15 million people are currently infected, and just over 600,000 have died due to being infected. It is known that people with chronic illnesses and compromised immune systems can develop more severe clinical presentation. Tuberculosis is still one of the biggest epidemiological problems worldwide. Both of these diseases can be misdiagnosed and can manifest in a similar way. We will present a case study of a patient who was initially treated as a COVID-19 infection, with Tuberculosis being diagnosed later on. The recovery began only after being treated for both diseases simultaneously. Case report. The patient is a 27-year-old male, non-smoker, with no history of any significant diseases. He presented with fever, fatigue and hemoptysis. Computed tomography pulmoangiography had shown massive consolidations and excavations, which could be caused by COVID-19. Despite being treated for COVID-19, there was no clinical improvement. On the follow-up chest X-radiograohy, beside signs of COVID-19, there were also changes that could indicate Tuberculosis. Tuberculosis was detected in sputum, using PCR and Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube, and only after being treated for both diseases did his condition improve. Conclusion. There are a few reported cases of COVID-19 and Tuberculosis coinfections, and we believe that there are many more patients with this coinfection being unrecognized.

Skin endometriosis between the breasts of a young girl: A case study and literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-209
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Taghavi ◽  
Samaneh Mollazadeh ◽  
Mohammad Bagheri Mansoori ◽  
Mehdi Asadi
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Excision Biopsy ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Periodic Discharges ◽  
History Of

Objective: Endometriosis is defined as the presence of functional endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Skin involvement is a rare presentation of this common complication. The purpose of this study is to introduce a markedly atypical case of the skin endometriosis with periodic pains located between the breasts of the 24-year-old girl. Care report: In this case, the patient with unknown periodic discharges and painful lesion presented in different consulting diagnostics centers for her complaint. After various diagnostic procedures and treatments, she underwent an excision biopsy to evaluate endometriosis. The history of periodic fluid findings of this case aid to indicate endometriosis. This case also emphasizes the significance of suspecting not only the atypical locations of endometriosis but also presentations of endometriosis. Follow-up tests indicated that she was risk-free of endometriosis relapsing status. Conclusion: The atypical endometriosis sites can present with varied ranges of symptoms, especially ones occurred periodically with menses in young females.

scholarly journals A 45-year-old Female with an Atypical Presentation of Pharyngitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-240
Author(s):  
Artur Schander ◽  
Andrew Glickman ◽  
Nancy Weber ◽  
Brian Rodgers ◽  
Michael Carney
Keyword(s):  
Sore Throat ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Prescription Medications ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Emergency physicians are trained to treat a variety of ailments in the emergency department (ED), some of which are emergent, while others are not. A common complaint seen in the ED is a sore throat. While most sore throats are easily diagnosed and treated, less common causes are often not considered in the differential diagnoses. Therefore, the purpose of this case study was to present an atypical case of sore throat and discuss differential diagnoses. Case Presentation: The patient was a 45-year-old female who presented to the ED with a three-day history of sore throat that was exacerbated by eating and drinking. The patient was not on any prescription medications, but tried over-the-counter medications for the sore throat without any improvement in symptoms. Review of systems was positive for sore throat, fevers, and chills. Physical examination of her oropharynx revealed mildly dry mucous membranes with confluent plaques and white patchy ulcerative appearance involving the tongue, tonsils, hard palate, and soft palate. Rapid streptococcal antigen, mononucleosis spot test, and KOH test were performed and found to be negative. Discussion: After initial testing was negative, a follow-up complete blood count with differential and complete metabolic profile were ordered. The patient was found to have decreased lymphocytes and platelets. Based upon those results, a diagnosis was made in the ED, the patient was started on medication, and further laboratory workup was ordered to confirm the diagnosis. ED providers should consider non-infectious as well as infectious causes for a sore throat, as this might lead to a diagnosis of an underlying condition.

Recurrent cervical stitch sinus arising from the deep neck space after thyroidectomy: case study and review

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 612-616
Author(s):  
Hsing-Fu Chen ◽  
Marios Papadakis ◽  
Seng-Feng Jeng
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Muscle Flap ◽  
En Bloc Resection ◽  
Bloc Resection ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Surgical Cure

Objective: We describe a one-stage surgical technique for the management of recurrent cervical stitch sinus after thyroidectomy. Method: A retrospective, single-centre study of all patients who were operated on because of cervical neck sinus after thyroidectomy. We provide a detailed description of our surgical approach, based on guided sinus removal after prior tract staining with methylene blue and subsequent obliteration using local strap muscle flap. Results: A total of seven patients with a mean age of 46 years were included in the study. All patients had a past history of thyroidectomy because of goitre (n=5) or thyroid cancer (n=2) which had previously been unsuccessfully debrided two or three times. Surgical sinus removal was successful in all cases and no recurrence was observed during the follow-up time. Conclusions: We conclude that a comprehensive en bloc resection down to the suture granuloma is essential in order to provide surgical cure and prevent recurrence.

Utility of Electromyographic Biological Feedback in Chronic Stuttering: A Clinical Study with Follow-up

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theo C. Manschreck ◽  
Madeline Kalotkin ◽  
Alan M. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Masseter Muscle ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Biological Feedback ◽  
Feedback Training ◽  
End Of Treatment

A systematic case study is presented in which eight chronic adult stutterers underwent an electromyographic (EMG) biological feedback training program designed to reduce masseter muscle tension in an effort to improve fluency. All subjects mastered the program within 10 30-min. sessions. Measures of muscle tension and fluency indicated improvements at the end of treatment that were maintained at 3- to 6-mo. follow-up.

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