The Perception of Temporally Segmented Vowels and Consonant-Vowel Syllables

1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ellen Tekieli ◽  
Walter L. Cullinan
Keyword(s):  
Correct Identification ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Initial Portion ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Better Than

The minimum initial-portion durations required by listeners for the correct identification of spoken isolated vowels and consonant-vowel (CV) syllables were determined. Eight vowels /i i u u æ ε a Λ/ and 64 CVs comprised of each of eight consonants /b p d t g k d 3 t∫/ in combination with each of the eight vowels were used. Segments consisted of the initial 10 to 150 milliseconds of each stimulus in 10-msec steps. The major findings were (1) clues for better than chance correct identification of tongue advancement and tongue height values for isolated vowels occur within the first 10 msec of the stimuli whereas approximately 30 msec of the stimuli are needed for the tense-lax feature to reach threshold, (2) clues for better than chance correct identification of place of articulation for the stop consonants are found within the initial 10 msec of the CVs whereas approximately 22 msec are needed for the voicing threshold to reach threshold, and (3) the threshold of voicing increases from front to back place of articulation for the stop consonants. The implications of the findings are discussed.

Classification of place-of-articulation of stop consonants using temporal analysis

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Prathosh ◽  
A. G. Ramakrishnan ◽  
T. V. Ananthapadmanabha
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Place Of Articulation

Phonetic variation in consonants in infant-directed and adult-directed speech: the case of regressive place assimilation in word-final alveolar stops

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA C. DILLEY ◽  
AMANDA L. MILLETT ◽  
J. DEVIN MCAULEY ◽  
TONYA R. BERGESON
Keyword(s):  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Statistical Distributions ◽  
Phonetic Variation ◽  
Pronunciation Variation ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Place Assimilation ◽  
Perceptual Evidence

ABSTRACTPronunciation variation is under-studied in infant-directed speech, particularly for consonants. Regressive place assimilation involves a word-final alveolar stop taking the place of articulation of a following word-initial consonant. We investigated pronunciation variation in word-final alveolar stop consonants in storybooks read by forty-eight mothers in adult-directed or infant-directed style to infants aged approximately 0;3, 0;9, 1;1, or 1;8. We focused on phonological environments where regressive place assimilation could occur, i.e., when the stop preceded a word-initial labial or velar consonant. Spectrogram, waveform, and perceptual evidence was used to classify tokens into four pronunciation categories: canonical, assimilated, glottalized, or deleted. Results showed a reliable tendency for canonical variants to occur in infant-directed speech more often than in adult-directed speech. However, the otherwise very similar distributions of variants across addressee and age group suggested that infants largely experience statistical distributions of non-canonical consonantal pronunciation variants that mirror those experienced by adults.

Delineator for Separated Bicycle Lanes at Sidewalk Level

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (7) ◽  
pp. 398-409
Author(s):  
Billie Louise (Beezy) Bentzen ◽  
Alan C. Scott ◽  
Linda Myers
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Sponsored Research ◽  
Mobility Impairments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Cane ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

The City and County of San Francisco sponsored research to identify a delineator for separated bicycle lanes at sidewalk level that is at least as detectable as truncated-dome detectable warning surface (DWS) by pedestrians with visual impairments, and that is not a barrier to pedestrians with mobility impairments. Tested as potential delineators were a 12-in. wide continuous raised trapezoid (0.75 in. high), and 12- and 24-in. wide installations of relatively wide flat-top bars (FTBs) and of a “corduroy” surface of narrower bars spaced more closely together (both 0.2 in. high). Thirty-one visually-impaired participants detected all five surfaces in addition to DWS, a total of six times each, from 90° and 25° approaches, with mean detection accuracies better than 90% for all surfaces (no significant differences). The long white cane intruded into the cycle track significantly less frequently with 24-in. wide surfaces. In a counterbalanced manner, participants also briefly stepped onto each surface eight times, each time identifying it as “domes,”“bars,” or “trapezoid.” They identified the trapezoid significantly better (mean rate of correct identification = 98.8%) than all other surfaces. A majority of participants with vision disabilities preferred the trapezoid. Thirty participants with a variety of mobility impairments, using a variety of aids, crossed each surface four times with little significant difference from the DWS in effort, instability, and discomfort or pain. No surface was found to be a barrier to crossing. The trapezoidal surface was recommended as the delineator, although the 24-in. FTBs also performed very well.

scholarly journals Infant discrimination of two‐ and five‐formant voiced stop consonants differing in place of articulation

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 581-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Walley ◽  
David B. Pisoni ◽  
Richard N. Aslin
Keyword(s):  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Place Of Articulation

scholarly journals Perception of static and dynamic acoustic cues to place of articulation in initial stop consonants

1983 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1779-1793 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane Kewley‐Port ◽  
David B. Pisoni ◽  
Michael Studdert‐Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Acoustic Cues ◽  
Place Of Articulation

scholarly journals Production of coronal stops by simultaneous bilingual adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
MEGHA SUNDARA ◽  
LINDA POLKA ◽  
SHARI BAUM
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
Stop Consonants ◽  
Canadian English ◽  
Acoustic Phonetics ◽  
Canadian French ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Acoustic Analyses

This study investigated acoustic-phonetics of coronal stop production by adult simultaneous bilingual and monolingual speakers of Canadian English (CE) and Canadian French (CF). Differences in the phonetics of CF and CE include voicing and place of articulation distinctions. CE has a two-way voicing distinction (in syllable initial position) contrasting short-and long-lag VOT; coronal stops in CE are described as alveolar. CF also has a two-way voicing distinction, but contrasting lead and short-lag VOT; coronal stops in CF are described as dental. Acoustic analyses of stop consonants for both VOT and dental/alveolar place of articulation are reported. Results indicate that simultaneous bilingual as well as monolingual adults produce language-specific differences, albeit not in the same way, across CF and CE for voicing and place. Similarities and differences between simultaneous bilingual and monolingual adults are discussed to address phonological organization in simultaneous bilingual adults.

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