Phase-shifting transformers in load flow and short-circuit analysis: modelling and control

1993 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Youssef
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1481-1485

The protective system plays a major role which has great effect on the power system operation. The modern interconnected power system consists of large numbers of protective relays and circuit breakers which constitute an integral part of the protective scheme. The main function of the relay is to sense and locate the fault and sends a command to the breaker to isolate the faulty element. The objective of the relay coordination is to provide primary as well as backup protection from any fault that is likely to occur in the power system. In this paper, overcurrent relay coordination is implemented on an IEEE 9 Bus test system using MiPower software for phase and earth faults. The Load flow analysis and the short circuit analysis on the IEEE 9 Bus test system is initially done followed by relay coordination. Fault MVA and Fault current data obtained from short circuit analysis enables us to obtain operating time of the relays used in the test system. The calculated value of operating time gives the coordinated operation of all the relays. The MiPower software has unique feature which is very useful in proper coordination of overcurrent relays.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 420-430
Author(s):  
Ali Mashar ◽  
Siti Saodah ◽  
Achmad Maulana Fathi

Pada sebuah pembangkit listrik terdapat peralatan - peralatan vital tambahan (auxiliary load) yang tidak dapat terputus suplai dayanya baik dalam keadaan normal maupun  dalam keadaan darurat (suplai daya dari generator utama terputus). Sistem suplai daya darurat merupakan sistem yang bertugas mensuplai daya pada beban vital tambahan ketika keadaan darurat (emergency). Komponen utama dari sistem suplai daya darurat adalah Emergency Diesel Generator (EDG) berfungsi sebagai pensuplai daya pada sistem tersebut. Besarnya rating daya dari EDG ditentukan dari jumlah beban vital tambahan yang akan disuplai. Berdasarkan pertimbangan kebutuhan daya bebannya,  spesifikasi EDG yang digunakan pada PLTG Tanjung Uncang 2x35 MW adalah 1225 kVA dengan tegangan nominal 6,6 kV, frekuensi 50 Hz dan PF 0,8. Electric Transient and Analysis Program (ETAP) digunakan untuk memverifikasi data beban vital tambahan dan untuk melakukan simulasi load flow dan short circuit pada sistem. Simulasi load flow analysis dilakakan untuk mengetahui aliran daya yang mengalir pada jaringan, sedangkan short circuit analysis dilakukan untuk melihat arus gangguan yang  mengalir ketika terjadi short circuit (hubung singkat). Dari simulasi load flow analysis didapatkan bahwa daya yang mengalir dari generator menuju jaringan sebesar 754 kW. Dari simulasi short circuit analysis didapatkan jika Bus LV1 terjadi gangguan 3-phase fault 1.631 kA, jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus LV2 -G 1.222 kA. Sedangkan, jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus MV1 L-L 0.313 kA, jika sumber gangguan terjadi pada Bus MV2 L-L-G 0.260 kA dan jika sumber kegagalan terjadi pada Bus DC sebesar 5.342 kA.


TEM Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1525-1533
Author(s):  
Allen A. Castillo ◽  
M. Natalia Galván Osuna ◽  
Norma A. Barboza Tello ◽  
Alejandra J. Vega

Teaching short-circuit analysis is conducted primarily through case studies; however, there are not many validated short-circuit studies available on the subject, especially when considering off-nominal turns ratio transformers. In order to improve the teaching of short-circuit analysis, a three phase short-circuit study in an industrial system according to ANSI/IEEE standards by means of Zmatrix method is presented; two case studies are considered: the industrial system with nominal and offnominal turns ratio transformers, in both cases the step by step solution is given in an explicit manner and the analytical results are validated through software simulation.


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