scholarly journals Superconducting technologies for renewable energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 01043
Author(s):  
K. Kovalev ◽  
V. Poltavets ◽  
I. Kolchanova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
High Temperature Superconducting

The main trends in the development of modern wind-mills are increasing of the output power and efficiency which leds to the increasing of their weight and sizes. The application of high temperature superconducting (HTS) technologies can solve these problems. The article describes of the designs 1 MVA superconducting synchronous generator and 5MJ flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) with HTS magnetic suspension for autonomous wind power engineering.

scholarly journals Secondary Frequency Stochastic Optimal Control in Independent Microgrids with Virtual Synchronous Generator-Controlled Energy Storage Systems

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Yang ◽  
Yajian Zhang ◽  
Zhaoxia Wang ◽  
Haibo Pen
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Stochastic Optimal Control ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Synchronous Generator ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Virtual Synchronous Generator

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy in microgrids (MGs), its stochastic fluctuation of output power has posed challenges to system safety and operation, especially frequency stability. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology, as one effective method, was used to smoothen frequency fluctuation and improve the system’s dynamic performance, which can simulate the inertia and damping of the traditional synchronous generator. This study outlines the integration of VSG-controlled energy storage systems (ESSs) and traditional synchronous generators so they jointly participate in secondary frequency regulation in an independent MG. Firstly, a new uncertain state-space model for secondary frequency control is established, considering the measurement noises and modelling error. Then, an improved linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller is designed based on stochastic optimal control theory, in which the dynamic performance index weighting matrices are optimized by combining loop transfer recovery (LTR) technology and the distribution estimation algorithm. On the issue of secondary frequency devices’ output power allocation, the dynamic participation factors based on the ESS’s current state of charge (SOC) are proposed to prevent the batteries’ overcharging and overdischarging problems. The energy storage devices’ service life can be prolonged and OPEX (operational expenditure) decreased. Multiple experimental scenarios with real parameters of MGs are employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The results show that, compared with the lead-compensated-proportional-integral-derivative (LC-PID) control and robust μ-control algorithms, the proposed stochastic optimal control method has a faster dynamic response and is more robust, and the fluctuations from renewable energy and power loads can be smoothened more effectively.

Flywheel energy storage systems and their applications in power engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Vladimir Poltavets ◽  
Irina Kolchanova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Continuous Growth

The continuous growth of renewable energy sources has drastically changed the paradigm of electric energy generation and distribution. Flywheel energy storage systems are a clean and efficient method to level supply and demand in energy grids, including those incorporating renewable energy generation. Environmental safety, resilience, high power capacity and quality make flywheel energy storage very promising. This paper contains a review of flywheel energy storage systems, already being in operation, and applications of flywheel energy storage in general.

scholarly journals Permanent magnet thrust bearings for flywheel energy storage systems: Analytical, numerical, and experimental comparisons

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (15) ◽  
pp. 5280-5293
Author(s):  
Nikolaj A Dagnaes-Hansen ◽  
Ilmar F Santos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Magnetic Suspension ◽  
Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Active Magnetic Bearings ◽  
Flywheel Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Thrust Bearings ◽  
Stiffness And Damping

A new type of flywheel energy storage system uses a magnetic suspension where the axial load is provided solely by permanent magnets, whereas active magnetic bearings are only used for radial stabilization. This means that the permanent magnet bearing must provide all the axial damping. Furthermore, it must have as low a negative radial stiffness as possible to reduce the workload on the radial active magnetic bearings. Many different mathematical models for determining force, stiffness, and damping of permanent magnet bearings are available in the literature. This work will further develop the most applicable analytical and numerical methods in order to make them directly implementable for designing permanent magnet thrust bearings for flywheel energy storage systems. The outcome is a fast and efficient method for determining force, stiffness, and damping when the bearing setup contains magnetic materials with relative permeability higher than one as well as when it does not. The developed method is validated against numerical and experimental results with good agreement.

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