scholarly journals The virtual enhancements − solar proton event radiation (VESPER) model

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. A06 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigiava Aminalragia-Giamini ◽  
Ingmar Sandberg ◽  
Constantinos Papadimitriou ◽  
Ioannis A. Daglis ◽  
Piers Jiggens
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Solar Proton Event ◽  
Proton Event ◽  
Proton Radiation ◽  
Virtual Time ◽  
Trapped Radiation

A new probabilistic model introducing a novel paradigm for the modelling of the solar proton environment at 1 AU is presented. The virtual enhancements − solar proton event radiation model (VESPER) uses the European space agency's solar energetic particle environment modelling (SEPEM) Reference Dataset and produces virtual time-series of proton differential fluxes. In this regard it fundamentally diverges from the approach of existing SPE models that are based on probabilistic descriptions of SPE macroscopic characteristics such as peak flux and cumulative fluence. It is shown that VESPER reproduces well the dataset characteristics it uses, and further comparisons with existing models are made with respect to their results. The production of time-series as the main output of the model opens a straightforward way for the calculation of solar proton radiation effects in terms of time-series and the pairing with effects caused by trapped radiation and galactic cosmic rays.

scholarly journals Enhancement of stratospheric aerosols after solar proton event

1996 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1119-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. I. Shumilov ◽  
E. A. Kasatkina ◽  
K. Henriksen ◽  
E. V. Vashenyuk
Keyword(s):  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Nucleation Mechanism ◽  
Solar Proton Event ◽  
Proton Event ◽  
Aerosol Layer ◽  
Event Type ◽  
Lidar Measurements

Abstract. The lidar measurements at Verhnetulomski observatory (68.6°N, 31.8°E) at Kola peninsula detected a considerable increase of stratospheric aerosol concentration after the solar proton event of GLE (ground level event) type on the 16/02/84. This increase was located at precisely the same altitude range where the energetic solar protons lost their energy in the atmosphere. The aerosol layer formed precipitated quickly (1–2 km per day) during 18, 19, and 20 February 1984, and the increase of R(H) (backscattering ratio) at 17 km altitude reached 40% on 20/02/84. We present the model calculation of CN (condensation nuclei) altitude distribution on the basis of an ion-nucleation mechanism, taking into account the experimental energy distribution of incident solar protons. The meteorological situation during the event was also investigated.

Simulating effects of the 774 AD solar proton event on atmospheric electricity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stergios Misios ◽  
Mads F. Knudsen ◽  
Christoffer Karoff
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Electricity ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Solar Proton Event ◽  
Proton Event ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Global Circulation Model ◽  
Fair Weather ◽  
Particle Radiation

<p>High energy cosmic rays of galactic and solar origin, natural radioactivity, lighting in thunderstorms and electrified shower clouds, produce ion clusters and charge the whole atmosphere causing a ubiquitous potential difference between the ionosphere and the surface. This Global Electric Circuit (GEC) allows the flow of charges to the surface in the fair-weather regions of the globe. Here, we simulate the effect of highly energetic particle radiation, in particular the 774 AD solar proton event, on the GEC with the aid of the global circulation model EMAC/MESSy. The simulations assume pre-industrial atmospheric conditions and the coupling of aerosol and atmospheric electricity schemes allows for ion-ion and ion-aerosol capture reactions. We discuss effects in fair weather current and atmospheric conductivity at different latitudinal bands. </p>

scholarly journals Multiradionuclide evidence for an extreme solar proton event around 2,610 B.P. (∼660 BC)

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (13) ◽  
pp. 5961-5966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paschal O’Hare ◽  
Florian Mekhaldi ◽  
Florian Adolphi ◽  
Grant Raisbeck ◽  
Ala Aldahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Solar Proton Event ◽  
Proton Event ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Cosmogenic Radionuclides ◽  
Solar Event ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Recently, it has been confirmed that extreme solar proton events can lead to significantly increased atmospheric production rates of cosmogenic radionuclides. Evidence of such events is recorded in annually resolved natural archives, such as tree rings [carbon-14 (14C)] and ice cores [beryllium-10 (10Be), chlorine-36 (36Cl)]. Here, we show evidence for an extreme solar event around 2,610 years B.P. (∼660 BC) based on high-resolution10Be data from two Greenland ice cores. Our conclusions are supported by modeled14C production rates for the same period. Using existing36Cl ice core data in conjunction with10Be, we further show that this solar event was characterized by a very hard energy spectrum. These results indicate that the 2,610-years B.P. event was an order of magnitude stronger than any solar event recorded during the instrumental period and comparable with the solar proton event of AD 774/775, the largest solar event known to date. The results illustrate the importance of multiple ice core radionuclide measurements for the reliable identification of short-term production rate increases and the assessment of their origins.

THE GROUND-LEVEL ENHANCEMENT OF 2012 MAY 17: DERIVATION OF SOLAR PROTON EVENT PROPERTIES THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF THE NMBANGLE PPOLA MODEL

2014 ◽  
Vol 785 (2) ◽  
pp. 160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Plainaki ◽  
Helen Mavromichalaki ◽  
Monica Laurenza ◽  
Maria Gerontidou ◽  
Anastasios Kanellakopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ground Level ◽  
Solar Proton ◽  
Solar Proton Event ◽  
Proton Event ◽  
Ground Level Enhancement
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