Double Inferior Vena Cava Associated with Double Suprarenal and Testicular Venous Anomalies: A Rare Case Report

Introduction The variant courses of blood vessels are very important in considerations for retroperitoneal surgeries or interventional radiology. The present study attempted to describe a very rare case of double inferior vena cava (IVC) associated with double left suprarenal veins (LSRVs) and double right testicular veins (RTVs) in a Thai male embalmed cadaver. Material and Methods A 70-year-old Thai male cadaver was systemically dissected and observed for the vascular distributions during gross anatomy teaching for medical students at the anatomy department of the faculty of medicine of the Khon Kaen University. Results We found that the double IVCs were connected with the transverse interiliac vein. While the upper LSRV is a tributary of the IVC, the lower LSRV is a tributary of the left renal vein. The RTV bifurcates at about the height of the iliac cristae to form the medial and lateral RTVs, which drain into the right IVC at different heights. Conclusion All these duplications and associated anomalies are assumed to occur during the embryological development. These anomalies are rare, but the knowledge about the possibilities of these anomalies is of great importance during retroperitoneal surgeries, and during interventional radiology.

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Double inferior vena cava and associated venous anomalies: a case report

Journal of Morphological Sciences ◽

10.4322/jms.106216 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 34 (04) ◽

pp. 215-217

Author(s):

K. Khamanarong

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Associated Anomalies ◽

Venous Anomalies ◽

Male Cadaver ◽

Double Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Present Case Study

Abstract Introduction: Double inferior vena cava and associated venous anomalies are rare. Materials and Methods: In the present case study, during routine cadaveric dissection of the retroperitoneal region, an interesting venous anomalies was seen in the retroperitoneal region of a 70 years old embalmed male cadaver from the department ofAnatomy, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Results: I describe here a case of double inferior vena cava (IVC) associated with double left suprarenal veins (LSRV) and double right testicular veins (RTV). Double IVC were connected with the transverse interiliac vein. While the upper LSRV is a tributary of IVC, the lower LSRV is a tributary of the left renal vein. Right testicular vein bifurcate at about the height of iliac cristae to form medial and lateral RTVs, which drain into right IVC at different heights. All these duplication and associated anomalies are assumed to occur during embryological development. Conclusion: These anomalies are rare, but the knowledge about the possibilities of such anomalies is of great importance during retroperitoneal surgeries, and interventional radiology.

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Inferior Vena Cava Duplication: Incidental Case in a Young Woman

Case Reports in Radiology ◽

10.1155/2016/3071873 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Danilo Coco ◽

Sara Cecchini ◽

Silvana Leanza ◽

Massimo Viola ◽

Stefano Ricci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Azygos Continuation ◽

Vascular Structures ◽

Double Inferior Vena Cava ◽

The Right

A case of a double inferior vena cava (IVC) with retroaortic left renal vein, azygos continuation of the IVC, and presence of the hepatic portion of the IVC drained into the right renal vein is reported and the embryologic, clinical, and radiological significance is discussed. The diagnosis is suggested by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), which reveals the aberrant vascular structures. Awareness of different congenital anomalies of IVC is necessary for radiologists to avoid diagnostic pitfalls and they should be remembered because they can influence several surgical interventions and endovascular procedures.

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Double Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) With Intrahepatic Interruption, Hemiazygos Vein Continuation, and Intrahepatic Venous Shunt

Vascular and Endovascular Surgery ◽

10.1177/1538574416687734 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 38-42 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hilal Sahin ◽

Yeliz Pekcevik ◽

Ramazan Aslaner

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Embryological Development ◽

Rare Congenital Anomaly ◽

Venous Shunt ◽

Double Inferior Vena Cava ◽

The Right

The duplication of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is a rare congenital anomaly, which also has some variations regarding the complex embryological development of the IVC. In the typical form, infrarenal IVC segments are duplicated and the left IVC joins the left renal vein, which crosses anterior to the aorta in the normal fashion to join the right IVC. In variant forms, the interruption of the intrahepatic segment of the IVC, azygos or hemiazygos continuation, or retroaortic course of the renal vein may be seen. An intrahepatic venous shunt accompanying a double IVC variant is an extremely rare anomaly. We report a case of 40-year-old female patient with double IVC, hemiazygos continuation, intrahepatic IVC interruption, and a transhepatic venous shunt.

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A case of pulmonary thromboembolism with a double inferior vena cava, due to thrombi in the left renal vein stump following left nephrectomy

Journal of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine ◽

10.3918/jsicm.20.419 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 419-420

Author(s):

Shinsaku Matsumoto ◽

Satoshi Kimura ◽

Nagisa Muto ◽

Tomoko Yamanoi ◽

Tatsuya Higashi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Double Inferior Vena Cava

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Rare Case of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Double Inferior Vena Cava with Venous Thrombosis

Urology ◽

10.1016/j.urology.2007.12.020 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 461.e7-461.e10 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar ◽

Benu Panigrahy ◽

S.M. Ravimohan ◽

Saurabh Pandya ◽

Arup K. Mandal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Venous Thrombosis ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Renal Cell ◽

Rare Case ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Double Inferior Vena Cava

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Rare Case of Lung Adenocarcinoma Invading the Inferior Vena Cava with Neoplastic Thrombus Extending into the Right Atrium

Clinical Medical Image Library ◽

10.23937/2474-3682/1510123 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Patella Miriam ◽

Proietti Francesco ◽

Mongelli Francesco ◽

Cafarotti Stefano

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Rare Case ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Vena Cava ◽

The Right

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Inverted Nutcracker Syndrome: A Case of Persistent Hematuria and Pain in the Presence of a Left-Sided Inferior Vena Cava

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2011.100 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 1031-1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Obi Ekwenna ◽

Michael A. Gorin ◽

Miguel Castellan ◽

Victor Casillas ◽

Gaetano Ciancio

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Superior Mesenteric Artery ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Mesenteric Artery ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Left Kidney ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Nutcracker Syndrome ◽

The Right

Nutcracker syndrome is described as the symptomatic compression of left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, resulting in outflow congestion of the left kidney. We present the case of a 51-year-old male with a left-sided inferior vena cava, resulting in compression of the right renal vein by the superior mesenteric artery. Secondary to this anatomic anomaly, the patient experienced a many-year history of flank pain and intermittent gross hematuria. We have termed this unusual anatomic finding and its associated symptoms as the “inverted nutcracker syndrome”, and describe its successful management with nephrectomy and autotransplantation.

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A cadaveric study of anatomical variations of testicular veins

National Journal of Clinical Anatomy ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1701728 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (03) ◽

pp. 139-140

Author(s):

Anly Antony ◽

J. Sujitha Jacinth

Keyword(s):

Inferior Vena Cava ◽

Renal Vein ◽

Inferior Vena ◽

Left Renal Vein ◽

Vena Cava ◽

Lateral Wall ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Text Book ◽

South Indian ◽

The Right

Abstract Background: Infertility is considered a major public health issue. A multicentric WHO study showed increased frequency of varicocele in infertile couples to vary geographically from 6% to 47%. Some theorize, varicocele results due to anatomical differences between the right and left testicular veins. This disparity is believed, leads to increase in hydrostatic pressure of the left testicular vein, which is subsequently transferred to the venous plexus, causing dilation. Hence knowledge of testicular venous pattern and its variations takes paramount importance. Aims: To study anatomy of testicular veins with focus on: a] normal and occurrence of varying number and patterns of testicular veins b] to find explanations for incidence of some anomalies c] to consider surgical significance of such variations and d] to compare the results of the present study with previous studies. Materials and methods: The study material comprised of 25 embalmed, adult human male cadavers of south Indian origin. Systematic dissection was carried out following the guidelines of Cunninghairr s Manual of Practical Anatomy. Results: On five sides, four testicular veins were found at the deep inguinal ring. On the left side, all testicular veins terminated in the left renal vein with some showing duplication. Variations in the terminations of testicular veins were seen in three of the right sides, which included termination in the right renal vein, junction of the inferior vena cava with the right renal vein and in one case following duplication, veins terminated on the anterior and lateral wall of the inferior vena cava. Conclusion: Termination of testicular veins followed standard text book pattern on the left side, however a slight increase in the duplication of veins was observed on this side. On the right side, testicular veins showed variations in the site of termination and also duplication. Knowledge of these findings can be of importance in clinical practice related to the problems of the testis.

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