Update on Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (06) ◽  
pp. 749-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meabh O'Hare ◽  
Christopher Doughty
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Diagnostic Approach ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Recent Developments

AbstractMyasthenia gravis is an antibody-mediated autoimmune disorder of the post-synaptic neuromuscular junction resulting in fluctuating, fatigable weakness. Most patients first present with extraocular symptoms (diplopia and/or ptosis), and in 15% of cases symptoms will remain restricted to only the extraocular muscles (ocular myasthenia gravis [OMG]). The history and clinical examination are of the utmost importance in correctly identifying OMG patients, as supportive serologic or electrodiagnostic studies are frequently nondiagnostic. In this review, we outline a diagnostic approach to OMG (focusing on key clinical features), discuss therapeutic options, and highlight recent developments in the understanding of OMG.

scholarly journals Seeking spark- ocular myasthenia gravis in a juvenile – an Indian case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Dr. Usha BR. ◽  
◽  
Dr. Nandhini K ◽  
Dr. Chaitra MC ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Bilateral Ptosis ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junction by muscleweakness. Myasthenia gravis can be generalized or localized as ocular myasthenia gravis. Casepresentation: We report an 8-year-old boy who presented with 10 days history of drooping of botheyelids and 8 days history of diplopia. Examination revealed bilateral ptosis. A diagnosis of JuvenileOcular Myasthenia gravis was made when symptoms improved with intramuscular Edrophoniumadministration. He was commenced on oral Neostigmine at a dose of 2mg/Kg/ day,4 hourly individed doses and is on regular follow up and had a good response. Conclusion: Ocular Myastheniagravis (OMG) is a rare disease in itself. A high index of suspicion is required in a juvenile as it iseven rarer.

Clinical features of ocular myasthenia gravis in japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 381 ◽  
pp. 656-657
Author(s):  
T. Narita ◽  
N. Minami ◽  
M. Niino ◽  
S. Izaki ◽  
K. Nomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

Ocular Myasthenia Gravis in an Academic Neuro-Ophthalmology Clinic: Clinical Features and Therapeutic Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Mittal ◽  
Richard J Barohn ◽  
Mamatha Pasnoor ◽  
April McVey ◽  
Laura Herbelin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Therapeutic Response ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

Pediatric Miller Fisher Syndrome and Ocular Myasthenia Gravis (A Reminder of Clinical Mimicry): A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakaria Barsoum
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Miller Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Fisher Syndrome ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis

AbstractMiller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is a rare immune-mediated neuropathy that often presents with diplopia and bilateral external ophthalmoplegia. Other neurological deficits may occur such as ataxia and areflexia but not in all cases. Although MFS is a clinical diagnosis, serological confirmation is possible by identifying the anti-GQ1b antibody found in the majority of patients. Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the availability of acetylcholine receptors in the neuromuscular junction. Ocular myasthenia gravis is a disease subtype characterized by variable patterns of weakness of extraocular muscles, eyelid elevator, and orbicular muscle in which the initial sign in most adults and children is ptosis. We report a child with MFS who presented with clinical signs suggestive of ocular myasthenia gravis, but in whom the correct diagnosis was made on the basis of serological testing for the anti-GQ1b antibody. We aim to highlight the similarity between the two rare conditions and address the importance of early liaison with neurologists and ophthalmologists in reaching to the proper diagnosis.

scholarly journals Myasthenia Gravis – A Review of Current Therapeutic Options

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Saiju Jacob ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Autoimmune Attack ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue. The autoimmune attack is caused by autoantibodies against the acetylcholine postsynaptic receptors at the neuromuscular junction of skeletal muscles. However, other antigenic targets that are components of the neuromuscular junction have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of MG. The current standard of care is immunosuppressive therapy; however, many existing therapeutic options have not been validated for use in MG in large randomised controlled trials. Furthermore, around 10% of patients with generalised MG are refractory to treatment. The complement system is involved in numerous inflammatory, neurodegenerative and autoimmune diseases, and is a key factor in the pathogenesis of acetylcholine receptor antibody-related MG. Targeting complement and other components involved in the underlying pathogenesis of the disease may provide useful treatment options, particularly for refractory patients.

Therapeutic options in ocular myasthenia gravis

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Evoli ◽  
A.P. Batocchi ◽  
C. Minisci ◽  
C. Di Schino ◽  
P. Tonali
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia ◽  
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis
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