Force Plate Gait Analysis and Clinical Results after Tibial Plateau Levelling Osteotomy for Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture in Small Breed Dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 183-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Amimoto ◽  
Tetsuaki Koreeda ◽  
Yoshiyuki Ochi ◽  
Ryota Kimura ◽  
Hideo Akiyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Limb Function ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Small Breed

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate objective limb function using force plate gait analysis after tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) in small breed dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR). Materials and Methods Small breed dogs (15 kg or less) with unilateral CCLR treated with TPLO were evaluated using symmetry index (SI) of peak vertical force (PVF), vertical impulse and vector magnitude at PVF performed preoperatively and at 1, 2, 4 and 6 months postoperatively after routine TPLO surgery. Results Twelve dogs met the inclusion criteria. Hindlimb function was markedly improved after TPLO, with all three postoperative SI significantly higher after a month than preoperative values (p < 0.01). At 2 months after surgery, the SI was nearly normalized to 1.0 (preoperative SI: 0.50 ± 0.20, 0.44 ± 0.19 and 0.51 ± 0.19, and 2 months postoperative SI: 0.92 ± 0.16, 0.90 ± 0.18 and 0.92 ± 0.16 respectively). Complications were noted in two dogs (fibular fracture and a partial implant failure), neither of which required a revision surgery for acceptable functional recovery. Conclusion The objective limb function of the affected hindlimb improved continuously after surgery and reached a near normal value at 6 months after surgery. It was suggested that TPLO for small breed dogs had good outcomes based on force plate gait analysis.

scholarly journals Outcome after Modified Maquet Procedure in dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture: Evaluation of recovery limb function by use of force plate gait analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0256011
Author(s):  
Giovanni Della Valle ◽  
Chiara Caterino ◽  
Federica Aragosa ◽  
Fabiana Micieli ◽  
Dario Costanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Plate Analysis ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

Introduction Cranial cruciate ligament failure is one of the principal causes of canine lameness. Several surgical procedures were proposed to achieve joint stabilisation; among these, the Modified Maquet Procedure involves using a titanium foam wedge to achieve and maintain the tibial tuberosity advancement. The force-plate analysis provides to objectively assess normal and abnormal gait and the outcome of different surgical techniques. The study evaluates the outcome of limbs that underwent Modified Maquet Procedure using land-force plate analysis comparing the operated limb with its healthy contralateral one as a control. Materials and methods Thirty-five dogs with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture were evaluated. Outcome after surgery was assessed by orthopaedic and radiographic evaluations and force plate gait analysis performed before surgery, at 15, 30 and 90 days after surgery. For objective comparison of ground reaction forces, data of operated limb were compared to contralateral limb on each time control and Symmetry Index at 90 days was determined. Healing radiographic signs, minor and major complication were reported. Results A significant improvement in ground reaction forces was reached in all the treated limbs between set time intervals. The median percentage increase in ground reaction forces was constant from 15 to 90 days, with a Symmetry Index >9 in 54.2% of patients suggesting a normal gait symmetry. A complete bone healing was noticed at 90 days follow-up radiographic assessment. We experienced three major (8.5%) and one minor (2.8%) complications. Conclusions To the Authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in the veterinary literature that assessed outcomes of dogs undergoing Modified Maquet Procedure for the treatment of cranial cruciate ligament rupture using force plate gait analysis and healthy contralateral limb as a control group. Our results confirm that Modified Maquet Procedure is an effective method to stabilise the stifle joint.

Measurement of the tibial plateau angle in cats with and without cranial cruciate ligament rupture

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (02) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Reese ◽  
K. Lorinson ◽  
D. Lorinson ◽  
E. Schnabl
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Inter Observer Variability ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

SummaryThe objective of the present study was to determine the tibial plateau angle (TPA) in cats without stifle pathology and to compare it with cats suffering from an isolated cranial cruciate ligament rupture. Mediolateral radiographs of the stifle were taken and the tibial plateau angle was measured based on the method previously described by Slocum and Devine (1983) for dogs. Three observers with different levels of experience evaluated the radiographs of all of the cats in this study. The mean tibial plateau angle measured by all three observers in the cats with a rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) was 3.1° greater than in cats without stifle pathology. Neither gender, age, body weight nor degenerative joint disease had an influence on measurement results. The authors found an inter-observer variability of ± 5.3°. Hence it can be concluded that cats with cranial cruciate ligament rupture have a greater TPA, and this at least lends some credence to the possibility of higher TPA being a predis-posing factor for cruciate injury in this species.

scholarly journals Risk factors and long-term surgical outcome of patellar luxation and concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture in small breed dogs

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
M Candela Andrade ◽  
P Slunsky ◽  
LG Klass ◽  
L Brunnberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Surgical Equipment ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Small Breed

Concomitant cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is a common complication in small breed dogs with patellar luxation (PL) with an elusive pathogenesis. Surgical treatment is available and commonly includes remodelling osteotomies. While these modern techniques have shown good functional results, access is limited due to the high costs for owners and the need for special surgical equipment. The objectives of the study were to evaluate the frequency and risk factors for concomitant CCLR in small breed dogs with PL. To study the outcome and complications of the combination of the Wedge recession osteotomy (WR) and Tibial tuberosity transposition (TT) with a Fascia over-the-top (OT) or a Capsular and fascial imbrication technique (CFI) for the simultaneous treatment of PL and concomitant CCLR. A retrospective study is presented here. The signalment, body weight, luxation grade and direction, affected side, bilateral or unilateral PL, CCLR and meniscal status were analysed. The surgical treatment for PL and concomitant CCLR, outcome and complications were investigated. Of 233 small breed dogs with PL, 52 (22.31%) had a concomitant CCLR. Maltese dogs were more likely to have concomitant CCLR. The mean age for the dogs with PL only was 5.32 years, which was significantly younger than the mean age of dogs with PL and concomitant CCLR (7.39 years). Overweight dogs with PL were prone to develop concomitant CCLR. Surgical stabilisation with a combination of WR, TT and OT or CFI had excellent or good results in 86.63% of the cases, while 16.67% of the cases developed complications. In conclusion, PL and concomitant CCL ruptures can be managed successfully by performing a combination of WR, TT and OT or CFI. The outcomes and complication rates are comparable to remodelling osteotomies. Moreover, these techniques are less expensive and can be performed with standard surgical equipment. These findings should be beneficial for clinical diagnosis, client education and treatment.

A comparison of outcomes following tibial plateau levelling osteotomy and cranial tibial wedge osteotomy procedures

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 312-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Brown ◽  
S. A. Corr
Keyword(s):  
Tibial Plateau ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Wedge Osteotomy ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Ligament Rupture ◽  
Cruciate Ligament Rupture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture

SummaryThe objective of this study was to determine whether clinical outcomes were superior and complication rates were lower in dogs that had had a cranial cruciate ligament rupture treated by tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO), compared to those dogs that had been treated using the original cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO) procedure. Thirty-seven client-owned dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture were included in the study: 19 dogs underwent a TPLO procedure, and 18 dogs underwent a CTWO procedure. The study was retrospective, with the data being obtained from medical records and a review of radiographs. The long-term outcome was assessed by means of an owner questionnaire using a visual analogue scale. For the majority of factors that were reviewed, there was not a significant difference in outcome between the dogs that had a TPLO or those that had undergone a CTWO. All of the dogs showed a rapid return to weight bearing after surgery, and at the six week re-examination, the majority of the dogs did not have any pain on stifle palpation. They displayed a good stifle range of motion and significantly lower lameness scores than those prior to surgery. The complication rates did not differ between the procedures, however, within this small sample of dogs, complications following a CTWO were more likely to require revision surgery.

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