Morphometric Analysis of the Petroclival Angle in Adults Using High Resolution CT Scans

A case of symptomatic hypersensitivity pneumonitis with normal high resolution computed tomography (CT) scans is presented. The patient, a 32-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus, had a chronic, progressive history of respiratory symptoms, abnormal findings on examination and abnormal pulmonary function tests but normal high resolution CT scans of the chest. Diagnosis was made through open lung biopsy. Clinical improvement was seen on removal of the offending antigen. The literature on the utility of high resolution CT scans in hypersensitivity pneumonitis is reviewed.

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Air trapping on expiratory high-resolution CT scans in the absence of inspiratory scan abnormalities: correlation with pulmonary function tests and differential diagnosis.

American Journal of Roentgenology ◽

10.2214/ajr.170.5.9574614 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 170 (5) ◽

pp. 1349-1353 ◽

Cited By ~ 116

Author(s):

H Arakawa ◽

W R Webb

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

High Resolution ◽

Pulmonary Function ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Air Trapping ◽

High Resolution Ct ◽

Function Tests

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Morphometric analysis of anatomical relationships of the facial nerve for mastoid surgery

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/0022215011908135 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 115 (6) ◽

pp. 447-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Asim Aslan ◽

Cihan Goktan ◽

Mevlut Okumus ◽

Serdar Tarhan ◽

Halis Unlu

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Facial Nerve ◽

Temporal Bone ◽

Morphometric Analysis ◽

External Auditory Canal ◽

Lateral Surface ◽

Sigmoid Sinus ◽

Ct Scans ◽

The Right ◽

Mastoid Surgery

Surgical anatomical relationships of the facial nerve (FN) with several landmarks used in mastoid surgery were studied in temporal bone axial high resolution CT scans of 90 patients (180 ears). The shortest distances between the FN and external auditory canal (EAC), sigmoid sinus (SS), posterior fossa dural plate (PFD), and joint of the bony EAC with the lateral surface of the mastoid (M) were measured. These measurements were also analysed in respect of pneumatization and side differences. On average, it was found that FN–EAC was 2.9 mm, FN–SS was 10.5 mm, FN–PFD was 7.3 mm and FN–M was 15.3 mm. FN–EAC was found to be longer in poorly pneumatized bones whereas other distances were longer in pneumatized bones. FN–M was found to be longer on the right side.

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Tracheal Tube Obstruction in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Assessed by High-resolution Computed Tomography

Anesthesiology ◽

10.1097/aln.0000000000000455 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 121 (6) ◽

pp. 1226-1235 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Cristina Mietto ◽

Riccardo Pinciroli ◽

Annop Piriyapatsom ◽

John G. Thomas ◽

Lynn Bry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

High Resolution ◽

Tracheal Tube ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Common Finding ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Airflow Resistance ◽

High Resolution Ct ◽

Ventilated Patients

Abstract Background: Tracheal intubation compromises mucus clearance and secretions accumulate inside the tracheal tube (TT). The aim of this study was to evaluate with a novel methodology TT luminal obstruction in critically ill patients. Methods: This was a three-phase study: (1) the authors collected 20 TTs at extubation. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) was performed to determine cross-sectional area (CSA) and mucus distribution within the TT; (2) five TTs partially filled with silicone were used to correlate high-resolution CT results and increased airflow resistance; and (3) 20 chest CT scans of intubated patients were reviewed for detection of secretions in ventilated patients’ TT. Results: Postextubation TTs showed a maximum CSA reduction of (mean ± SD) 24.9 ± 3.9% (range 3.3 to 71.2%) after a median intubation of 4.5 (interquartile range 2.5 to 6.5) days. CSA progressively decreased from oral to lung end of used TTs. The luminal volume of air was different between used and new TTs for all internal diameters (P < 0.01 for new vs. used TTs for all studied internal diameters). The relationship between pressure drop and increasing airflow rates was nonlinear and depended on minimum CSA available to ventilation. Weak correlation was found between TT occlusion and days of intubation (R2 = 0.352, P = 0.006). With standard clinical chest CT scans, 6 of 20 TTs showed measurable secretions with a CSA reduction of 24.0 ± 3.9%. Conclusions: TT luminal narrowing is a common finding and correlates with increased airflow resistance. The authors propose high-resolution CT as a novel technique to visualize and quantify secretions collected within the TT lumen.

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