The Effects of a Modified High-carbohydrate High-fat Diet on Metabolic Syndrome Parameters in Male Rats

AbstractMetabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities including central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. A previous study has established that high-carbohydrate high-fat diet (HCHF) can induce MetS in rats. In this study, we modified components of the diet so that it resembled the diet of Southeast Asians. This study aimed to determine the effects of this modified HCHF diet on metabolic parameters in rats. Male Wistar rats (n=14) were randomised into two groups. The normal group was given standard rat chow. The MetS group was given the HCHF diet, comprises of fructose, sweetened condensed milk, ghee, Hubble Mendel and Wakeman salt mixture, and powdered rat food. The diet regimen was assigned for a period of 16 weeks. Metabolic syndrome parameters (abdominal circumference, blood glucose, blood pressure, and lipid profile) were measured at week 0, 8, 12, and 16 of the study. The measurement of whole body composition (fat mass, lean mass, and percentage of fat) was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at week 0, 8, and 16. Our results indicated that the components of MetS were partially developed after 8 weeks of HCHF diet. Systolic blood pressure, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fat content, and percentage of fat was significantly higher in the HCHF group compared to normal group (p<0.05). After 12 weeks of HCHF diet, the rats showed significant increases in abdominal circumference, blood pressure, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia compared to normal control (p<0.05). In conclusion, MetS is successfully established in male rats induced by the modified HCHF diet after 12 weeks.

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The effects of palm tocotrienol on metabolic syndrome and bone loss in male rats induced by high-carbohydrate high-fat diet

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2018.03.022 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 246-254 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sok Kuan Wong ◽

Kok-Yong Chin ◽

Farihah Hj Suhaimi ◽

Fairus Ahmad ◽

Soelaiman Ima-Nirwana

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Bone Loss ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Male Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate

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Time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1997.272.1.e147 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 272 (1) ◽

pp. E147-E154 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. P. Rocchini ◽

P. Marker ◽

T. Cervenka

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Dose Response ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Time Course ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Diet Group ◽

Whole Body ◽

High Fat

The current study evaluated both the time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet and the relationship between the development of insulin resistance and the increase in blood pressure that also occurs. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented and randomly assigned to either a control diet group (n = 4) or a high-fat diet group (n = 8). Insulin resistance was assessed by a weekly, single-dose (2 mU.kg-1.min-1) euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp on all dogs. Feeding dogs a high-fat diet was associated with a 3.7 +/- 0.5 kg increase in body weight, a 20 +/- 4 mmHg increase in mean blood pressure, a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose uptake [(in mumol-kg-1.min-1) decreasing from 72 +/- 6 before to 49 +/- 7 at 1 wk, 29 +/- 3 at 3 wk, and 30 +/- 2 at 6 wk of the high-fat diet, P < 0.01]. and a reduced insulin-mediated increase in cardiac output. In eight dogs (4 high fat and 4 control), the dose-response relationship of insulin-induced glucose uptake also was studied. The whole body glucose uptake dose-response curve was shifted to the right, and the rate of maximal whole body glucose uptake was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Finally, we observed a direct relationship between the high-fat diet-induced weekly increase in mean arterial pressure and the degree to which insulin resistance developed. In summary, the current study documents that feeding dogs a high-fat diet causes the rapid development of insulin resistance that is the result of both a reduced sensitivity and a reduced responsiveness to insulin.

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Comparison of high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets for obtaining an experimental model of metabolic syndrome

Studia Biologica ◽

10.30970/sbi.1501.642 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

T. S. Petryn ◽

◽

M. R. Nagalievska ◽

N. O. Sybirna ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Male Rats ◽

Laboratory Animals ◽

Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽

Chow Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

High Carbohydrate

Introduction. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities that includes hypertension, central obesity, insulin resistance and atherogenic dyslipidemia. Given the wide geographical distribution and growing number of people suffering from this disease, there is an urgent need in developing animal models that would accurately reproduce the development of all symptoms of human metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, obesity and hypertension). The most cost-effective method related to the real causes of metabolic syndrome is the use of different types of diets. Materials and Methods. The study was performed on white outbred male rats about 6 months old and weighing 300–400 g. The metabolic syndrome was induced by high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets. The lipid-enriched diet involved the consumption of regular chow diet for laboratory animals with additional fat content (40 % by weight of chow). The source of additional lipids was olive oil, which is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Animals on the diet enriched in carbohydrates together with regular chow diet for laboratory animals consumed 10 % fructose solution instead of drinking water. Glucose tolerance tests were conducted and areas under the glycemic curves were calculated. We determined the content of glycated hemoglobin and glucose concentration, the concentration of low-density lipoproteins (LDL), high-density lipoproteins (HDL), triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood plasma of rats. Results. The development of metabolic syndrome induced by an excessive consumption of carbohydrates and lipids for 42 days was accompanied by impaired glucose tolerance, increased glycosylated hemoglobin, triglycerides and cholesterol concentrations, as well as a decreased HDL content. An increase in the concentrations of LDL and activity of paraoxonase were found due to the induction of the pathological condition by an excessive fat intake, while a high carbohydrate diet caused a decrease in paraoxonase activity. Conclusions. The use of fructose for 42 days causes the most pronounced manifestations of the studied pathology. The use of this model will allow determining the biochemical and molecular changes that accompany the development of this pathological condition. It will also facilitate the development and evaluation of the effectiveness of new therapeutic approaches to the treatment of metabolic syndrome.

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