Future Data Collection Needs on Water Supply Reservoirs

Changes in the land use and land cover in areas adjacent to water reservoirs directly affect the quality of this water. This research presents a study on the water quality in the basin of one of the most important public water supply reservoirs in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of limnological parameters and the correlation with land use and land cover in the contribution basin of the Doutor João Penido reservoir (CBJPR). The methodology was based on the analysis of water quality parameters, related to water samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Six sampling points were chosen from different locations: spring, medium course, main tributaries of the reservoir and the reservoir catchment. The parameters analyzed were turbidity, total solids (TS), oxygen consumed (OC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), E. Coli, temperature, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS). The Kendall’s tau test was used to analyze the correlations between the parameters of water quality, land use and land cover in the CBJPR. In general, measured parameters showed better results in spring and in reservoir catchment, showing a worse quality of the water along the tributaries and the dilution power of the reservoir. The correlations pointed to the need for protection and preservation of forests in strategic locations to ensure good water quality.

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Association of Cryptosporidium with bovine faecal particles and implications for risk reduction by settling within water supply reservoirs

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2006.0007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 87-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Justin D. Brookes ◽

Cheryl M. Davies ◽

Matthew R. Hipsey ◽

Jason P. Antenucci

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Water Supply ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Settling Velocity ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

Particle Size Fractions ◽

Size Classes ◽

Large Particles ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

Artificial cow pats were seeded with Cryptosporidium oocysts and subjected to a simulated rainfall event. The runoff from the faecal pat was collected and different particle size fractions were collected within settling columns by exploiting the size-dependent settling velocities. Particle size and Cryptosporidium concentration distribution at 10 cm below the surface was measured at regular intervals over 24 h. Initially a large proportion of the total volume of particles belonged to the larger size classes (>17 μm). However, throughout the course of the experiment, there was a sequential loss of the larger size classes from the sampling depth and a predominance of smaller particles (<17 μm). The Cryptosporidium concentration at 10 cm depth did not change throughout the experiment. In the second experiment samples were taken from different depths within the settling column. Initially 26% of particles were in the size range 124–492 μm. However, as these large particles settled there was an enrichment at 30 cm after one hour (36.5–49.3%). There was a concomitant enrichment of smaller particles near the surface after 1 h and 24 h. For Pat 1 there was no difference in Cryptosporidium concentration with depth after 1 h and 24 h. In Pat 2 there was a difference in concentration between the surface and 30 cm after 24 h. However, this could be explained by the settling velocity of a single oocyst. The results suggested that oocysts are not associated with large particles, but exist in faecal runoff as single oocysts and hence have a low (0.1 m d−1) settling velocity. The implications of this low settling velocity on Cryptosporidium risk reduction within water supply reservoirs was investigated through the application of a three-dimensional model of oocyst fate and transport to a moderately sized reservoir (26 GL). The model indicated that the role of settling on oocyst concentration reduction within the water column is between one and three orders of magnitude less than that caused by advection and dilution, depending on the strength of hydrodynamic forcing.

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Sedimentation in Reservoirs: Evaluation of Return Periods Related to Operational Failures of Water Supply Reservoirs with Monte Carlo Simulation

Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management ◽

10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 147 (1) ◽

pp. 04020096 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Luigi Cimorelli ◽

Carmine Covelli ◽

Annamaria De Vincenzo ◽

Domenico Pianese ◽

Bruno Molino

Keyword(s):

Monte Carlo Simulation ◽

Monte Carlo ◽

Water Supply ◽

Return Periods ◽

Operational Failures ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

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Reassessing the risk of microbial contamination from roosting cormorants in source water supply reservoirs

Lake and Reservoir Management ◽

10.1080/10402381.2013.866997 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 23-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Andrew Smolders ◽

Kate Smolders ◽

Andrew Watkinson ◽

Darren Ryder

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Microbial Contamination ◽

Source Water ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

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Distributed Data Collection for the Next Generation ATLAS EventIndex Project

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921404010 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 214 ◽

pp. 04010

Author(s):

Álvaro Fernández Casaní ◽

Dario Barberis ◽

Javier Sánchez ◽

Carlos García Montoro ◽

Santiago González de la Hoz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Current Approach ◽

Distributed Data ◽

Future Data ◽

Data Files ◽

Complete Catalogue ◽

And Performance ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

Storage Technologies ◽

And Storage

The ATLAS EventIndex currently runs in production in order to build a complete catalogue of events for experiments with large amounts of data. The current approach is to index all final produced data files at CERN Tier0, and at hundreds of grid sites, with a distributed data collection architecture using Object Stores to temporarily maintain the conveyed information, with references to them sent with a Messaging System. The final backend of all the indexed data is a central Hadoop infrastructure at CERN; an Oracle relational database is used for faster access to a subset of this information. In the future of ATLAS, instead of files, the event should be the atomic information unit for metadata, in order to accommodate future data processing and storage technologies. Files will no longer be static quantities, possibly dynamically aggregating data, and also allowing event-level granularity processing in heavily parallel computing environments. It also simplifies the handling of loss and or extension of data. In this sense the EventIndex may evolve towards a generalized whiteboard, with the ability to build collections and virtual datasets for end users. This proceedings describes the current Distributed Data Collection Architecture of the ATLAS EventIndex project, with details of the Producer, Consumer and Supervisor entities, and the protocol and information temporarily stored in the ObjectStore. It also shows the data flow rates and performance achieved since the new Object Store as temporary store approach was put in production in July 2017. We review the challenges imposed by the expected increasing rates that will reach 35 billion new real events per year in Run 3, and 100 billion new real events per year in Run 4. For simulated events the numbers are even higher, with 100 billion events/year in run 3, and 300 billion events/year in run 4. We also outline the challenges we face in order to accommodate future use cases in the EventIndex.

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