Reassessing the risk of microbial contamination from roosting cormorants in source water supply reservoirs

Работа посвящена системному анализу данных показателей исходной воды при производстве питьевой воды в системе центрального водоснабжения крупного населенного пункта. На сегодняшний день на фоне увеличивающегося негативного антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду наблюдается ухудшение состояния многих источников питьевого водоснабжения в широком спектре показателей, в частности, таких как органолептические свойства воды. Как следствие, возникает проблема и для питьевой воды. В работе приводится процесс подготовки данных о параметрах исходной воды, забираемой из водохранилища, которые ежемесячно (с 2002 по 2014 год) учитывались на предприятии при дезодорации воды. Приведенные параметры оказывают существенное влияние на органолептические свойства конечной воды. Подготовка данных для анализа проводится методом главных компонент К. Пирсона. Данные, полученные в пространстве R9, переводятся в пространство меньшей размерности R3. Понижение размерности позволяет снизить автокорреляцию между компонентами. Отбор компонент в пространство R3 проводится по правилу Парето. В пространстве R3 методом сферической кластеризации данных «Форель» с постоянным радиусом группировки проводится кластеризация. Приводится пошаговое визуальное представление алгоритма кластеризации в пространстве R3. В работе показано, что в данных показателях качества исходной воды имеются кластеры. Проводится корреляционно-регрессионный анализ данных, представленных в главных компонентах. Строятся регрессионные зависимости показателей органолептических свойств от главных компонент из пространства R3.

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Susceptibility of Water Supply Reservoirs to Drought Conditions

Journal of Hydrologic Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)1084-0699(1998)3:2(140) ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 140-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Antonino Cancelliere ◽

Alessandro Ancarani ◽

Giuseppe Rossi

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Drought Conditions ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

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PUBLIC ATTITUDES IN MASSACHUSETTS TOWARD THE RECREATIONAL USE OF DOMESTIC WATER SUPPLY RESERVOIRS

JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association ◽

10.1111/j.1752-1688.1980.tb02391.x ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 279-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Walter H. Bumgardner ◽

Lawrence R. Klar ◽

Aldo Glirin

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Public Attitudes ◽

Domestic Water ◽

Recreational Use ◽

Domestic Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

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Multi-Water Source Joint Scheduling Model Using a Refined Water Supply Network: Case Study of Tianjin

Water ◽

10.3390/w10111580 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1580 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Shanghong Zhang ◽

Jiasheng Yang ◽

Zhongyu Wan ◽

Yujun Yi

Keyword(s):

Resource Allocation ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Resource ◽

Water Distribution ◽

Distribution Area ◽

Source Water ◽

Supply Source ◽

Water Resource Allocation ◽

Regional Water

Water shortage problems are increasing in many water-deficient areas. Most of the current research on multi-source combined water supplies depends on an overall generalization of regional water supply systems, which are seldom broken down into the detail required to address specific research objectives. This paper proposes the concept of a water treatment and distribution station (water station), and generalizes the water supply system into three modules: water supply source, water station, and water user. Based on a topological diagram of the water network (supply source–station–user), a refined water resource allocation model was established. The model results can display, in detail, the water supply source, water supply quantity, water distribution engineering, and other information of all users in each water distribution area. This makes it possible to carry out a detailed analysis of the supply and demand of users, and to provide suggestions and theoretical guidance for regional water distribution implementation. Tianjin’s water resource allocation was selected as a case study, and a water resource allocation scheme for a multi-source, combined water supply, was simulated and discussed.

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Evaporation from water supply reservoirs: An assessment of uncertainty

Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.07.037 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 376 (1-2) ◽

pp. 261-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Lisa D. Lowe ◽

J. Angus Webb ◽

Rory J. Nathan ◽

Teri Etchells ◽

Hector M. Malano

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

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Impact of Changes in Land Use and Land Cover in the Contribution Basin of Doutor João Penido Water Supply Reservoir of Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil

Journal of Management and Sustainability ◽

10.5539/jms.v11n1p108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 108

Author(s):

Juliana Nazareth de Lana ◽

Márcio de Oliveira ◽

Vanessa Romario de Paula ◽

Cézar Henrique Barra Rocha

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Water Supply ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

E Coli ◽

The City ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs ◽

Limnological Parameters

Changes in the land use and land cover in areas adjacent to water reservoirs directly affect the quality of this water. This research presents a study on the water quality in the basin of one of the most important public water supply reservoirs in the city of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais. The main objective of this study was to analyze the behavior of limnological parameters and the correlation with land use and land cover in the contribution basin of the Doutor João Penido reservoir (CBJPR). The methodology was based on the analysis of water quality parameters, related to water samples collected from 2012 to 2015. Six sampling points were chosen from different locations: spring, medium course, main tributaries of the reservoir and the reservoir catchment. The parameters analyzed were turbidity, total solids (TS), oxygen consumed (OC), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), E. Coli, temperature, pH and total dissolved solids (TDS). The Kendall’s tau test was used to analyze the correlations between the parameters of water quality, land use and land cover in the CBJPR. In general, measured parameters showed better results in spring and in reservoir catchment, showing a worse quality of the water along the tributaries and the dilution power of the reservoir. The correlations pointed to the need for protection and preservation of forests in strategic locations to ensure good water quality.

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Association of Cryptosporidium with bovine faecal particles and implications for risk reduction by settling within water supply reservoirs

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2006.0007 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 87-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Justin D. Brookes ◽

Cheryl M. Davies ◽

Matthew R. Hipsey ◽

Jason P. Antenucci

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Water Supply ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Settling Velocity ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Three Dimensional Model ◽

Particle Size Fractions ◽

Size Classes ◽

Large Particles ◽

Water Supply Reservoirs

Artificial cow pats were seeded with Cryptosporidium oocysts and subjected to a simulated rainfall event. The runoff from the faecal pat was collected and different particle size fractions were collected within settling columns by exploiting the size-dependent settling velocities. Particle size and Cryptosporidium concentration distribution at 10 cm below the surface was measured at regular intervals over 24 h. Initially a large proportion of the total volume of particles belonged to the larger size classes (>17 μm). However, throughout the course of the experiment, there was a sequential loss of the larger size classes from the sampling depth and a predominance of smaller particles (<17 μm). The Cryptosporidium concentration at 10 cm depth did not change throughout the experiment. In the second experiment samples were taken from different depths within the settling column. Initially 26% of particles were in the size range 124–492 μm. However, as these large particles settled there was an enrichment at 30 cm after one hour (36.5–49.3%). There was a concomitant enrichment of smaller particles near the surface after 1 h and 24 h. For Pat 1 there was no difference in Cryptosporidium concentration with depth after 1 h and 24 h. In Pat 2 there was a difference in concentration between the surface and 30 cm after 24 h. However, this could be explained by the settling velocity of a single oocyst. The results suggested that oocysts are not associated with large particles, but exist in faecal runoff as single oocysts and hence have a low (0.1 m d−1) settling velocity. The implications of this low settling velocity on Cryptosporidium risk reduction within water supply reservoirs was investigated through the application of a three-dimensional model of oocyst fate and transport to a moderately sized reservoir (26 GL). The model indicated that the role of settling on oocyst concentration reduction within the water column is between one and three orders of magnitude less than that caused by advection and dilution, depending on the strength of hydrodynamic forcing.

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