A new era of robotic surgery assisted by a computer-enhanced surgical system

Robots have revolutionized industrial production, from automobiles to pharmaceutical manufacturing, and offer an exciting, novel approach to surgical diseases. Robots employed in surgical use initially raised some concern related to malfunction and independent action. However, the surgeon’s decision-making capability is still crucial for each surgical procedure because of the anatomic or physiologic variables of each clinical situation. Currently, surgical robots consist of instruments that are remotely manipulated by a surgeon using an electromechanical interface and represent extensions of the surgeon’s mind and hands. This review provides an overview of robotic surgery, and covers the application of robotic surgery in general surgery. Figures show the AESOP 3000 robotic arm, the da Vinci robotic surgical system, the ZEUS Surgical System, the ZEUS robotic arms, the da Vinci Si, the da Vinci wristed endoscopic stapler, the da Vinci Xi patient side cart and robotic arms, the da Vinci Single-Site robotic instruments, and the da Vinci Single-Site port with instruments positioned and robotic arms docked. The video shows a robotic Rives-Stoppa retromuscular incisional hernia repair with bilateral transversus abdominis release. This review contains 9 highly rendered figures, 1 video, and 85 references Key words: Robotic, surgery, hernia, inguinal, ventral, incisional, fundoplication, paraesophageal hernia, myotomy, gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, pancreatectomy, splenectomy, bariatric, adrenalectomy, colon, colectomy, colorectal

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Robotic Surgery

DeckerMed Surgery ◽

10.2310/surg.2212 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Alfredo M. Carbonell ◽

Jeremy A Warren

Keyword(s):

Robotic Surgery ◽

Da Vinci ◽

Incisional Hernia Repair ◽

Clinical Situation ◽

Single Site ◽

Transversus Abdominis ◽

Robotic Arms ◽

Novel Approach ◽

Patient Side ◽

Surgical System

Robots have revolutionized industrial production, from automobiles to pharmaceutical manufacturing, and offer an exciting, novel approach to surgical diseases. Robots employed in surgical use initially raised some concern related to malfunction and independent action. However, the surgeon’s decision-making capability is still crucial for each surgical procedure because of the anatomic or physiologic variables of each clinical situation. Currently, surgical robots consist of instruments that are remotely manipulated by a surgeon using an electromechanical interface and represent extensions of the surgeon’s mind and hands. This review provides an overview of robotic surgery, and covers the application of robotic surgery in general surgery. Figures show the AESOP 3000 robotic arm, the da Vinci robotic surgical system, the ZEUS Surgical System, the ZEUS robotic arms, the da Vinci Si, the da Vinci wristed endoscopic stapler, the da Vinci Xi patient side cart and robotic arms, the da Vinci Single-Site robotic instruments, and the da Vinci Single-Site port with instruments positioned and robotic arms docked. The video shows a robotic Rives-Stoppa retromuscular incisional hernia repair with bilateral transversus abdominis release. This review contains 9 highly rendered figures, 1 video, and 85 references Key words: Robotic, surgery, hernia, inguinal, ventral, incisional, fundoplication, paraesophageal hernia, myotomy, gastrectomy, cholecystectomy, pancreatectomy, splenectomy, bariatric, adrenalectomy, colon, colectomy, colorectal

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Robotic Surgery Overview

Vietnam Journal of Endolaparoscopic Surgery ◽

10.51199/vjsel.2018.3.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Quang Nghĩa Lê ◽

Vĩnh Hững Trần

Keyword(s):

Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽

Robotic Surgery ◽

Minimally Invasive ◽

Invasive Surgery ◽

Postoperative Outcomes ◽

New Era ◽

The Past

Tóm tắt Trong thập niên vừa qua, Robotic Surgery mở ra kỷ nguyên mới trong mọi chuyên ngành ngoại khoa giúp giảm tai biến, biến chứng trên người bệnh và tăng chất lượng kết quả sau mổ. Bài này trình bày lịch sử, sự phát triển và công dụng của Robotic surgery. Abstract Over the past decade, Robotic Surgery has opened a new era in all surgical specialties in helping reduceaccident, complications in caring the patientsand to improve the quality of postoperative outcomes. This article reviews the history, development,current and future applications of Robotic surgery. Keyword: Minimally Invasive Surgery (MIS); Laparoscopic Technologies; Robotic Surgery

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Kinematics Based Safety Operation Mechanism for Robotic Surgery extending the JHU SAW Framework

10.54294/6bbs64 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Anand Malpani ◽

Balazs Vagvolgyi ◽

Rajesh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Robotic Surgery ◽

Haptic Feedback ◽

Situational Awareness ◽

Da Vinci ◽

Vision System ◽

Da Vinci Surgical System ◽

Knot Tying ◽

Patient Side ◽

Surgical System ◽

Validation Experiments

As robotic surgery gains popularity [1, 2, 3], methods for improving situational awareness during tele- operation have become an active area of research. Literature has attempted to incorporate haptic feedback displays to enhance and improve user performance. For example, Massimino et al. [4] showed that a combi- nation of vibrotactile and auditory substitutions lead to task performance (peg-in hole task) comparable to that using a force feedback. Kitagawa et al. [5] extended this approach by using visual force displays and and auditory cues, in experiments showing comparable performance in surgical tasks (knot-tying). Reiley et al. [6] used a visual force display in a teleoperated knot-tying task to demonstrate lower forces and reduced suture breakage by trainees. The above art demonstrates the need for information overlays in telerobotic surgical tasks. However, this literature also used prototype software and tools intended only for the specic experiments. By contrast, we use the Surgical Assistant Workstation (SAW) [7, 8] in development at Johns Hopkins University to create a general information overlay, and demonstrate its utility by creating a visual warning display for telerobotic surgery that detects instruments being operated outside of the eld of view of the endoscopic camera. SAW is a modular framework for rapid prototyping of new tools and methods for robotic surgery. It includes methods for image guidance, registration with pre-operative and intra-operative images, and ability to interact with the graphical objects rendered within the display with the master or slave manipulators in a teleoperation environment. The common telesurgical system in use is the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc.). It consists of a surgeon’s console containing the two master manipulators, a patient side cart with up to four robotic arms - three for the slave instrument manipulators which can be equipped with the removable instruments and an endoscope camera manipulator connected to a high-performance stereo vision system. The da Vinci also provides a research and development application programming interface (DiMaio, et al., [9]) that streams kinematics data and system events at congurable rates of up to 100Hz. The SAW/cisst framework also contains an interface to the da Vinci API. We present an overlay architecture (Figure 1) implemented using the cisst/SAW libraries to integrate contextual procedure and system information for improving safety, and situational awareness during these delicate and complex manipulations. While the presented methods can be modied for use with any robotic system, we used our da Vinci S Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc.) for the validation experiments (Figure 2) here. Results from validation experiments with 17 users and a total of 50 training sessions totaling 214350 image frames are presented.

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Commentary: Robotic Techniques in Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery (Innovations, May/June 2020)

Innovations Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery ◽

10.1177/1556984520946936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 423-424

Author(s):

Eugene A. Grossi ◽

Stacey Chen ◽

Didier F. Loulmet

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Robotic Surgery ◽

Thoracic Surgery ◽

Mitral Valve Surgery ◽

Team Approach ◽

Salient Points ◽

Robotic Cardiac Surgery ◽

High Level ◽

Robotic Surgical System ◽

Surgical System

This is a response to the papers in the May/June issue of Innovations focused on robotic techniques in cardiac and thoracic surgery. Successful robotic surgery relies on a high level of preparation and communication from each member of the operating room. The lack of a team approach can result in not only failure to establish and/or sustain a robotic program, but more importantly, in serious consequences at the detriment to patient care and safety. While these are salient points, the authors of this commentary wish to highlight that the first robot-assisted mitral valve surgery in North America was performed at NYU Langone Health using the Zeus robotic surgical system. Although that robotic platform had several disadvantages that limited its clinical advancement, an appreciation for this history in robotic cardiac surgery is important if we as cardiothoracic surgeons seek to move toward a future of expanding robotic surgery within the ever-changing landscape of cardiac surgery.

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