Conductances of electrolytes in solutions of the sucrose polymer Ficoll

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 304 ◽  
Author(s):  
RH Stokes ◽  
IA Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Sucrose Solutions ◽  
Limiting Conductances ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The limiting equivalent conductances of several electrolytes have been measured at 25� in aqueous solutions of the synthetic sucrose polymer Ficoll. Though the viscosity of the solutions is several times that of sucrose solutions of the same percentage by weight of solute, the limiting conductances of small ions in them are little different from those in sucrose solutions. It is concluded that the polymer molecules form loose networks to a large extent permeable to small ions.

CONDUCTANCES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM HEXANOATE (SODIUM CAPROATE) AND THE LIMITING CONDUCTANCES OF THE HEXANOATE ION, AT 25 °C AND 35 °C

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (10) ◽  
pp. 1939-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
J.I. Friesen
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Apparent Molecular Weight ◽  
Ionic Micelles ◽  
Limiting Conductances ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The equivalent conductances, densities, and viscosities of aqueous solutions of sodium hexanoate have been determined at 25 °C and 35 °C at concentrations ranging from 0.0003 M to saturation.The limiting equivalent conductances of the hexanoate ion have been determined as 27.37 ± 0.04 mhos at 25 °C and 34.69 ± 0.05 mhos at 35 °C.The Robinson–Stokes and the Falkenhagen–Leist equations have been applied to the data. The Robinson–Stokes equation reproduces the data within 0.7 mho up to 0.5 M at 25 °C when å = 13 Å. At 35 °C the data are reproduced within 0.5 mho up to 0.05 M with å = 10 Å. The Falkenhagen–Leist equation reproduces the data at 25 °C within 0.4 mho up to 0.1 M with å = 5.5 Å. An å = 4.0 Å reproduces the 35 °C data within 0.5 mho up to 0.05 M.From the form of the conductance curves and from an estimation of the apparent molecular weight it was concluded that the hexanoate ion does not form ionic micelles.

Conductance Studies of Aqueous Succinic Acid

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Apelblat ◽  
Josef Barthel
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Sodium Succinate ◽  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Limiting Conductances

Abstract Conductance measurements of aqueous solutions of succinic acid and of di-sodium succinate were performed from 278.15 to 308.15 K and the limiting conductances λ0 (1/2 Succ2- ) are reported. The Waiden product is independent of temperature: λ0(1/2 Succ2-)*η(T) = 0.503 ± 0.001. The salt conductances closely obey the Onsager limiting law. The evaluation of the equilibrium constants for the primary and secondary steps of dissociation, K1 and K2, and the limiting conductances of the hydrosuccinate ion, λ0(HSucc-), are discussed using the Quint and Viallard conductance equation

CONDUCTANCES OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM OCTANOATE AT 25° AND 35° AND THE LIMITING CONDUCTANCE OF THE OCTANOATE ION

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
E. M. Kartzmark ◽  
G. R. Lakshminarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Sodium Octanoate ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

Equivalent conductances, densities, and viscosities of aqueous solutions of sodium octanoate have been determined at 25° and 35 °C, at concentrations ranging from 0.0002 M to 2.8 M. The limiting equivalent conductances of the octanoate ion have been determined as 23.08 mhos and 29.09 mhos, at 25° and 35 °C respectively.Comparison has been made of our experimental conductances with those calculated, using the equations of Robinson–Stokes, of Falkenhagen–Leist, and of Fuoss.No evidence has been found of micelle formation in solutions of sodium octanoate.

THE LIMITING EQUIVALENT CONDUCTANCES OF AMMONIUM CHLORIDE, AMMONIUM BROMIDE, AND AMMONIUM NITRATE AT 35.00 °C.

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 330-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
E. Bock
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Stokes Equation ◽  
Probable Error ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Conductance Data ◽  
Ionic Conductances ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The limiting equivalent conductances of ammonium chloride, ammonium bromide, and ammonium nitrate as well as the limiting ionic conductances of the ammonium and nitrate ions were determined at 35 °C. with a probable error of 0.05%. The values found were [Formula: see text] 180.97 mhos, [Formula: see text] 182.73 mhos, [Formula: see text] 174.21 mhos, [Formula: see text] 88.73 mhos, and [Formula: see text] 85.48 mhos. These values were obtained by the application of the Shedlovsky method of extrapolation to equivalent conductance data, which had been corrected for the hydrolysis of the ammonium ion.Observed equivalent conductances of aqueous solutions of ammonium nitrate at 35 °C., in the concentration range from 0.0002 N to 10 N, have been compared with those calculated by means of the Wishaw–Stokes and Falkenhagen–Leist equations. The Wishaw–Stokes equation was found to give better agreement with experiment than the Falkenhagen–Leist equation.

Studies of the antenna effect in polymer molecules. 28. Photo-Fries rearrangement of 1-naphthyl acetate in aqueous solutions of poly(sodium styrenesulfonate-co-2-vinylfluorene)

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Nowakowska ◽  
Joachim Storsberg ◽  
Szczepan Zapotoczny ◽  
James E. Guillet
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Antenna Effect ◽  
Fries Rearrangement ◽  
Polymer Molecules ◽  
Naphthyl Acetate ◽  
Sodium Styrenesulfonate

CONDUCTANCES AND SURFACE TENSIONS OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM DECANOATE, SODIUM LAURATE, AND SODIUM MYRISTATE, AT 25° AND 35°

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1729-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Campbell ◽  
G. R. Lakshminarayanan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Micelle Formation ◽  
Sodium Formate ◽  
Sodium Laurate ◽  
Surface Tensions ◽  
Sodium Propionate ◽  
Reversible Dimerization ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Sodium Decanoate ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

The equivalent conductances of aqueous solutions of sodium decanoate, sodium laurate, and sodium myristate have been determined from the very dilute region up to saturation concentration, at 25° and 35°. The limiting conductances have been obtained from the measurements in the usual way. In addition and for the sake of completeness, the limiting equivalent conductances of sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium propionate, and sodium butyrate have also been determined at 35°, since they were not known at this temperature.The effect of increasing chain length on mobility is discussed. From a consideration of the experimental and the theoretical values of the slopes of the plots of equivalent conductance against the square root of the concentration, it is concluded that some sort of interaction, possibly a reversible dimerization of anions, occurs, even in the dilute region, and this could account for the lower experimental values of the slope. This phenomenon has been observed with other long chain electrolytes, however, and the hypothesis of dimerization is not the only possible one.The critical micelle concentrations have been determined, and recent concepts of micelle formation are applied to interpret their structure. The surface tensions of the aqueous solutions have been measured at 25° and 50°.

THE LIMITING CONDUCTANCE OF AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF POTASSIUM IODATE, POTASSIUM CHLORATE, AND SILVER NITRATE AT 35.00 °C

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 889-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bock ◽  
A. N. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Association Constants ◽  
Potassium Chlorate ◽  
Potassium Iodate ◽  
Extrapolation Procedure ◽  
Limiting Equivalent Conductances

Measurements have been made of the equivalent conductances of aqueous solutions of potassium iodate, potassium chlorate, and silver nitrate at 35.00 °C at concentrations ranging from 0.8 × 10−4 to 16×10−4 N. From these, the limiting equivalent conductances and association constants A as obtained by the use of the Fuoss–Shedlovsky extrapolation procedure were found to be at 35.0 °C:[Formula: see text]

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