Effects of rotational tillage practices on soil water characteristics and crop yields in semi-arid areas of north-west China

Soil Research ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianqing Hou ◽  
Zhikuan Jia ◽  
Qingfang Han ◽  
Rong Li ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
West China ◽  
North West ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a major crop grown generally in semi-arid areas of north-west China, and water deficiency is the major factor that limits crop yields. Between 2007 and 2010, we conducted a field experiment on winter wheat to investigate the effects of interval with no-tillage and subsoiling (rotational tillage) after crop harvesting on soil water characteristics and crop yields in semi-arid areas of southern Ningxia. Three tillage treatments were tested: no-tillage in year 1, subsoiling in year 2, and no-tillage in year 3 (NT/ST/NT); subsoiling in year 1, no-tillage in year 2, and subsoiling in year 3 (ST/NT/ST); and conventional tillage over years 1–3 (CT). The three-year comparative experiment showed that during the summer fallow, compared with CT, the NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST treatments improved mean soil water content at 0–2.0 m depth by 3.9% and 7.8%, respectively, and significantly (P < 0.05) increased mean rainfall storage efficiency by 15.4% and 26.7%. During the wheat growing season, mean soil water content with the NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST treatments was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than with the CT treatment (8.0% and 8.6% higher, respectively), and the two rotational tillage treatments significantly (P < 0.05) increased mean rainfall use efficiency compared with CT (by 9.3% and 10.7%, respectively). Yield improvements coupled with greater water-use efficiency occurred with the NT/ST/NT and ST/NT/ST treatments, i.e. mean grain yields were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by 9.6% and 10.7%, respectively, and water-use efficiency was significantly (P < 0.05) improved by 6.7% and 7.8% compared with the CT treatment. The results showed that the interval of no-tillage and subsoiling could improve soil status, and significantly increase crop yields and water-use efficiency. This method could have important applications in the semi-arid areas of north-west China.

Nutrient and tillage strategies to increase grain yield and water use efficiency in semi-arid areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhao Lian ◽  
Shahzad Ali ◽  
Xudong Zhang ◽  
Tianlu Wang ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Efeito da Irrigação Suplementar na Produtividade e Eficiência no Uso de Água da Palma Forrageira

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2744
Author(s):  
Elaine Cristina Batista da Silva ◽  
José Romualdo De Sousa Lima ◽  
Antônio Celso Dantas Antonino ◽  
Airon Aparecido Silva de Melo ◽  
Eduardo Soares de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Promising Technique ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Supplementary Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency

A irrigação suplementar pode ser uma técnica promissora para o aumento da produção da palma forrageira, contudo, depende da evapotranspiração (ET). A irrigação e a ET estão estritamente relacionados com a produtividade das culturas (P), de modo que a relação entre P e ET resulta na eficiência no uso de água (EUA). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar P, ET e EUA em palma, sob irrigação suplementar. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, com palma submetida a irrigação por gotejamento com intervalos de reposição de água no solo de 7 (T7), 14 (T14) e 21 (T21) dias, mais o tratamento de sequeiro (T0), em blocos ao acaso, com 4 repetições. O crescimento da palma foi monitorado por meio da medição da largura (LC), do comprimento (CC), da área (AC), do índice de área (IAC) e da espessura dos cladódios (EC). Ao longo do ciclo da cultura também foram monitoradas as condições meteorológicas. A ET foi obtida como termo residual da equação do balanço hídrico. Os tratamentos não tiveram efeitos significativos nas variáveis biométricas e na produtividade da palma forrageira. A menor ET foi obtida no T0 (406,1 mm total e 1,7 mm d‑1), sendo que o T7 apresentou a maior ET (664,4 mm total e 2,8 mm d-1). A maior EUA (392,8 kg MF ha-1 mm-1) foi obtida no tratamento sob sequeiro (T0). Com base na produtividade e na EUA da palma forrageira, recomenda-se, para as condições do município de Garanhuns, que o cultivo da mesma seja realizado sob condições de sequeiro.Effect of the Supplemental Irrigation on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Cactus Pear A B S T R A C TThe supplementary irrigation may be a promising technique to increase forage cactus yield, however, it depends of evapotranspiration (ET). Irrigation and ET are closely related to crop yields (P), so the relationships between P and ET result in water use efficiency (WUE). Thus, the objective was to evaluate P, ET and WUE in cactus pear, under supplementary irrigation. The experiment was conducted under field conditions with cactus pear submitted to drip irrigation with soil water replacement intervals of 7 (T7), 14 (T14) and 21 (T21) days, plus the rainfed treatment (T0), in blocks with 4 replicates. Cactus pear growth, by the measurements of width (WC), length (LC), area (CA), area index (CAI) and thickness of cladodes (CD), was monitored. Meteorological conditions along the cactus pear cycle were monitored. The ET was quantified by the soil water balance method. The treatments had no effects on the biometric variables and yield of cactus pear. ET was lower in T0 (406.1 mm total and 1.7 mm day-1), with T7 showing the highest values of ET (664.4 mm total and 2.8 mm day-1). It was observed that the largest WUE (392.8 kg MF ha-1 mm-1) was in the rainfed treatment (T0). On the basis of the yield and WUE of the cactus pear, it is recommended, for the conditions of the municipality of Garanhuns that the cultivation of the same be carried out under conditions of rainfed.Key words: Soil moisture; evapotranspiration; water balance.

scholarly journals Water use of cowpea under deficit irrigation and cultivation systems in semi-arid region

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Rômulo M. O. de Freitas ◽  
Jeferson L. D. Dombroski ◽  
Francisco C. L. de Freitas ◽  
Narjara W. Nogueira ◽  
Tiago S. Leite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT The resilience of crops to drought depends heavily on the cultural practices adopted, which can have a direct effect on water use efficiency. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of irrigation intervals on the growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of cowpea crops (cv. BRS Guariba) under conventional and no-tillage systems. The experiment was carried out in the semi-arid region of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, using a split-plot in a randomised complete block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted of two cultivation systems in the whole plots (conventional and no-tillage) and six irrigation intervals in the subplots (2, 6, 10, 14, 18 and 22 days) which were applied at full bloom. The biomass of the different parts of the plant, leaf area and leaf area index were assessed at 64 days after sowing (DAS) and grain yield, water consumption and water use efficiency at 70 DAS. No-tillage is a promising cultivation technique for cowpea crops, promoting higher grain yield and water use efficiency under semi-arid conditions. This system allows cowpea cultivation with irrigation intervals of 10 or 14 days, with no or small reduction in yield, respectively.

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