scholarly journals Suppressed expression of RETROGRADE-REGULATED MALE STERILITY restores pollen fertility in cytoplasmic male sterile rice plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (23) ◽  
pp. 9513-9518 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Fujii ◽  
K. Toriyama
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Rice Plants

Cytoplasmic male sterility in Desmodium

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
KS McWhirter
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Genetic Stocks

A type of male sterility found in two Desmodium plants of probably interspecific hybrid origin was cytoplasmically inherited. The cytoplasmic male-sterile character was incorporated in the tropical legume Desmodium sandwicense by backcrossing. In this genetic background pollen sterility was complete. The male-sterile character was not graft-transmissible, and it produced no detectable pleiotropic effects on growth and development. Desmodium intortum gave restoration of pollen fertility in Fl hybrids with male-sterile lines of D. sandwicense. Restored F1 hybrids produced apparently normal pollen, but tests of functional ability of the pollen disclosed that pollen fertility was less than that of Fl hybrids with normal cytoplasm. Incomplete restoration of fertility was not due to heterozygosity of fertility-restoring genes with gametophytic expression, since fertility-restoring genes were shown to act sporophytically. The results established the occurrence in the legume Desmodium of a system of determination of the male-sterile, fertility-restored phenotypes that is similar to the cytoplasmic male sterility systems described in many other angiosperm plants. A scheme utilizing the genetic stocks produced in this study for commercial production of the interspecific hybrid D. sandwicense x D. intortum as a cultivar is presented.

Microtubule and male sterility in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile line of non-heading Chinese cabbage

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (15) ◽  
pp. 3046-3054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Zhang ◽  
Changwei Zhang ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Li Qi ◽  
Shumin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Male Sterile Line ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Heading Chinese Cabbage

scholarly journals Construction of a male sterility system for hybrid rice breeding and seed production using a nuclear male sterility gene

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (49) ◽  
pp. 14145-14150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Chang ◽  
Zhufeng Chen ◽  
Na Wang ◽  
Gang Xie ◽  
Jiawei Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Rice Breeding ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Red Fluorescence ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination

The breeding and large-scale adoption of hybrid seeds is an important achievement in agriculture. Rice hybrid seed production uses cytoplasmic male sterile lines or photoperiod/thermo-sensitive genic male sterile lines (PTGMS) as female parent. Cytoplasmic male sterile lines are propagated via cross-pollination by corresponding maintainer lines, whereas PTGMS lines are propagated via self-pollination under environmental conditions restoring male fertility. Despite huge successes, both systems have their intrinsic drawbacks. Here, we constructed a rice male sterility system using a nuclear gene named Oryza sativa No Pollen 1 (OsNP1). OsNP1 encodes a putative glucose–methanol–choline oxidoreductase regulating tapetum degeneration and pollen exine formation; it is specifically expressed in the tapetum and miscrospores. The osnp1 mutant plant displays normal vegetative growth but complete male sterility insensitive to environmental conditions. OsNP1 was coupled with an α-amylase gene to devitalize transgenic pollen and the red fluorescence protein (DsRed) gene to mark transgenic seed and transformed into the osnp1 mutant. Self-pollination of the transgenic plant carrying a single hemizygous transgene produced nontransgenic male sterile and transgenic fertile seeds in 1:1 ratio that can be sorted out based on the red fluorescence coded by DsRed. Cross-pollination of the fertile transgenic plants to the nontransgenic male sterile plants propagated the male sterile seeds of high purity. The male sterile line was crossed with ∼1,200 individual rice germplasms available. Approximately 85% of the F1s outperformed their parents in per plant yield, and 10% out-yielded the best local cultivars, indicating that the technology is promising in hybrid rice breeding and production.

scholarly journals Pollen fertility restoration by nuclear gene Fr in CMS bean: nuclear-directed alteration of a mitochondrial population.

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
S He ◽  
A Lyznik ◽  
S Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Fertility Restoration ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Mitochondrial Population ◽  
Genetic Cross ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract Two nuclear genes, Fr and Fr2, have been identified that restore pollen fertility to cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) by apparently distinct mechanisms. Whereas Fr2 appears to suppress the expression of a male sterility associated mitochondrial sequence (designated pvs), Fr restores pollen fertility by causing the elimination of this unusual mitochondrial DNA-segment. To further investigate the mechanism of Fr action, Fr and Fr2 were cointroduced into the nucleus of a bean line containing the sterility inducing cytoplasm. When the effect of pvs was suppressed by Fr2, the presence of Fr no longer directed the elimination of the mitochondrial pvs sequence. This result suggests that the Fr function is dependent on proper expression of the pvs sequence. To evaluate the temporal and spatial patterns of Fr action, we undertook a polymerase chain reaction-based approach to trace the fate of the pvs sequence in different tissues of F2 and F3 fertile-restored plants derived from a genetic cross between a cytoplasmic male sterile line of common bean, CMS-Sprite (frfr), and fertility restorer line R351 (FrFr). We demonstrate that the Fr-directed disappearance of pvs sequence occurs during flower development. Elimination of the pvs sequence from developing megaspores results in permanent fertility restoration in the following generations. Genetic analysis demonstrated that permanent fertility restoration, that is, the complete elimination of pvs from reproductive tissues requires two doses of the Fr allele or the absence of fr in F2 individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Diplotaxis muralis (mur) cytoplasmic male sterility system maintainer occurrence and frequency in summer rape

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 587-589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresio C. Riungu ◽  
Peter B. E. McVetty
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile

No male sterile plants were found in the F1 progeny from crosses between a Diplotaxis muralis cytoplasmic male sterile (mur CMS) semi-winter habit rape (Brassica napus L.) A-line and 101 genetically diverse summer rape cultivars or strains. The frequency of occurrence of mur CMS system maintainer genotypes in summer rape is very low, possibly zero. Key words: Mur CMS system; Brassica napus L.

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON POLLEN FERTILITY AND ANTHER DEHISCENCE OF CYTOPLASMIC MALE-STERILE RYE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. SCOLES ◽  
L. E. EVANS
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Fertility ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Anther Dehiscence ◽  
Male Sterile ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterile ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Restoration Of Fertility

Pollen fertility and anther dehiscence of two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines of spring rye (Secale cereale L.), their maintainers, their restorers and the F1 between each sterile and restorer were investigated at three temperature regimes (15/10, 20/15 and 25/20 °C). In a second experiment, the anther dehiscence of five additional sterile/restorer hybrids was investigated at the same temperatures. Anthers of male-sterile plants did not contain pollen grains and were non-dehiscent at all temperatures. Pollen fertility of maintainer, restorer and sterile/restorer hybrids varied with temperatures. All anthers of maintainer and restorer lines were fully dehiscent, but partially dehiscent and non-dehiscent anthers occurred in the sterile/restorer hybrids. Anthers of florets in the upper and lower portions of spikes of the sterile/restorer hybrids were often partially dehiscent or non-dehiscent. Variation among tillers of a plant with respect to this character was low, but variation among plants of a sterile/restorer hybrid was high, suggesting genetic segregation. The classification of an anther as either dehiscent, partially dehiscent or non-dehiscent was directly related to pollen fertility. Better restoration of fertility was obtained at temperatures of 20/15 or 25/20 °C than at 15/10 °C.

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