Intraspecific variation in population gene diversity and effective population size correlates with the mating system in plants.

Abstract Fertility and gene diversity were estimated in three second generation (F2) seed stands (SPA 1-3) and two clone trials (CSO 1&2) of Eucalyptus camaldulensis to assess the impact on seed crop. F2 seedlots were evaluated in comparison to native provenances, ten commercial clones and interspecific hybrids at diverse sites. SPA 1&2 were genetic gain trials of five first generation (F1) orchard seedlots, SPA 3 a plantation of one F1 orchard seedlot, and CSOs were clone trials of 21 commercial clones established at two contrasting sites. Fertility variation, as indicated by sibling coefficient, was high (Ψ, 9-14) in the SPAs as only about 26 % trees were fertile compared to 81 % trees in CSOs. Effective population size was higher in SPA 1 and 2 (Ns, 95 and 74, respectively) than SPA 3 (Ns = 39). Fertility was highly skewed in CSO 2 resulting in low effective population size (Ns = 2) compared to CSO 1 (Ns = 11). Constant seed collection enabled 3-fold increase in relative population size and 22 % higher predicted gene diversity in CSO 2. Genetic diversity (He) estimated using SSR markers was higher in SPA 1&2 and native provenances (NAT), compared to SPA 3 and CSO 1, whereas CSO 2 and clones had lower values. There was a high positive correlation between estimated He and predicted gene diversity values of SPAs and CSOs. He was positively correlated to mean field survival and negatively correlated to kraft pulp yield (KPY), evaluated at three years in progeny trials across three locations. Number of alleles per locus was higher in SPAs and native provenances compared to CSOs and clones. Discriminant principal component analysis clustered CSO, NAT and SPA seedlots in different groups while commercial E. camaldulensis clones clustered close to NAT. Multilocus outcrossing rate was generally high (tm, 91-100 %), though selfing was observed in two families of SPA 3 and CSO 2. Selected interspecific hybrid families of commercial E. camaldulensis clones (with E. urophylla and E. pellita) evaluated at two of the sites had higher He and KPY than clones at three years.

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Mating system, multiple paternity and effective population size in the endemic flatback turtle (Natator depressus) in Australia

Conservation Genetics ◽

10.1007/s10592-008-9583-4 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 329-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Kathrin Theissinger ◽

N. N. FitzSimmons ◽

C. J. Limpus ◽

C. J. Parmenter ◽

A. D. Phillott

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Multiple Paternity ◽

Effective Population ◽

Natator Depressus

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Influence of gene flow and breeding tactics on gene diversity within populations.

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/129.2.573 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 129 (2) ◽

pp. 573-583 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R K Chesser

Keyword(s):

Genetic Variation ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Gene Diversity ◽

Island Model ◽

Effective Population ◽

Migration Rates ◽

Asymptotic Values ◽

Fixation Indices

Abstract Expressions describing the accumulation of gene correlations within and among lineages and individuals of a population are derived. The model permits different migration rates by males and females and accounts for various breeding tactics within lineages. The resultant equations enable calculation of the probabilistic quantities for the fixation indices, rates of loss of genetic variation, accumulation of inbreeding, and coefficients of relationship for the population at any generation. All fixation indices were found to attain asymptotic values rapidly despite the consistent loss of genetic variation and accumulation of inbreeding within the population. The time required to attain asymptotic values, however, was prolonged when gene flow among lineages was relatively low (less than 20%). The degree of genetic differentiation among breeding groups, inbreeding coefficients, and gene correlations within lineages were found to be primarily functions of breeding tactics within groups rather than gene flow among groups. Thus, the asymptotic value of S. Wright's island model is not appropriate for describing genetic differences among groups within populations. An alternative solution is provided that under limited conditions will reduce to the original island model. The evolution of polygynous breeding tactics appears to be more favorable for promoting intragroup gene correlations than modification of migration rates. Inbreeding and variance effective sizes are derived for populations that are structured by different migration and breeding tactics. Processes that reduce the inbreeding effective population size result in a concomitant increase in variance effective population size.

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Mating System and Effective Population Size of the Overexploited Neotropical Tree (Myroxylon peruiferum L.f.) and Their Impact on Seedling Production

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/esx096 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 109 (3) ◽

pp. 264-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ellida de Aguiar Silvestre ◽

Kaiser Dias Schwarcz ◽

Carolina Grando ◽

Jaqueline Bueno de Campos ◽

Patricia Sanae Sujii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Effective Population ◽

Neotropical Tree

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THE INFLUENCE OF MATING SYSTEM AND OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS ON EFFECTIVE POPULATION SIZE

Evolution ◽

10.1111/j.1558-5646.1993.tb02158.x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 47 (5) ◽

pp. 1329-1341 ◽

Cited By ~ 183

Author(s):

Leonard Nunney

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Overlapping Generations ◽

Effective Population

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Temporal analysis of effective population size and mating system in a social wasp

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/esab057 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carl J Dyson ◽

Olivia L Piscano ◽

Rebecca M Durham ◽

Veronica J Thompson ◽

Catherine H Johnson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mating System ◽

Population Size ◽

Effective Population Size ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Social Wasp ◽

Stabilizing Selection ◽

Effective Population ◽

Genetic Changes ◽

Reproductive Division Of Labor ◽

Eusocial Species

Abstract Highly social species are successful because they cooperate in obligately integrated societies. We examined temporal genetic variation in the eusocial wasp Vespula maculifrons in order to gain a greater understanding of evolution in highly social taxa. First, we wished to test if effective population sizes of eusocial species were relatively low due to the reproductive division of labor that characterizes eusocial taxa. We thus estimated the effective population size of V. maculifrons by examining temporal changes in population allele frequencies. We sampled the genetic composition of a V. maculifrons population at three separate time points spanning a 13-year period. We found that effective population size ranged in the hundreds of individuals, which is similar to estimates in other, non-eusocial taxa. Second, we estimated levels of polyandry in V. maculifrons in different years in order to determine if queen mating system varied over time. We found no significant change in the number or skew of males mated to queens. In addition, mating skew was not significant within V. maculifrons colonies. Therefore, our data suggest that queen mate number may be subject to stabilizing selection in this taxon. Overall, our study provides novel insight into the selective processes operating in eusocial species by analyzing temporal genetic changes within populations.

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