Sustainable agriculture and the multigenomic model: how advances in the genetics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi will change soil management practices.

Soil fertility management practices can influence colonisation of crops by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their abundance. The effects of different rates of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertiliser on AMF occurrence and colonisation were studied in maize/Centrosema pascuorum and sole maize systems. The NPK treatments were at rates (kg/ha): 0-10-30, 45-10-30, and 0-0-0 (control). The AMF spore populations were enumerated by direct counting under a microscope. Nutrient uptake was calculated as the product of nutrient concentration and shoot dry weight, and maize yield was estimated per ha. In the maize/Centrosema system, spore count, AMF colonisation, and nutrient uptake (except N) decreased with NPK 45-10-30 compared with 0-10-30, although maize yields were comparable at the two fertiliser levels. In the sole maize system, fertiliser application did not influence AMF spore abundance, but colonisation, nutrient uptake, and crop yield increased significantly (P < 0.05) with NPK 45-10-30. Maize yield increased by 1200% under the maize/Centrosema system compared with sole maize at NPK 0-10-30. The lowest values for all parameters were obtained under the control treatments. Colonisation of AMF, nutrient uptake, and maize yield were positively correlated. The maize/Centrosema system can maximise AMF benefits to increase yield and also reduce fertiliser input into agricultural soils, while application of N fertiliser is important to increase yield in the sole maize system.

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Legume Responses to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation in Sustainable Agriculture

Microbes for Legume Improvement ◽

10.1007/978-3-211-99753-6_12 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 293-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Diriba Muleta

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Sustainable Agriculture ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with citrus orchards under different types of soil management, southern China

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/676/2011-pse ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (No. 7) ◽

pp. 302-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

P. Wang ◽

J.J. Zhang ◽

B. Shu ◽

R.X. Xia

Keyword(s):

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Best Practice ◽

Southern China ◽

Soil Management ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Hyphal Length ◽

Different Types ◽

Citrus Orchards

Communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were studied in sod culture (SC), straw mulching (NM), and herbicide treated and no-tillage (NH) citrus orchards, respectively. The highest total colonization rate (39.47%) and hyphal length density (1.15 m/g soil) were found in SC, the highest spore numbers (1024 spores/100 g soil) in NM, while the lowest ones (31.50%, 0.94 m/g soil and 719 spores/100 g soil) in NH and they varied significantly among three different types of orchards. Total 18 AMF species belonging to five families, Acaulosporaceae (four species), Claroideoglomeraceae (two species), Gigasporaceae (one species), Glomeraceae (nine species) and Pacisporaceae (two species) were identified, and Glomus aggregatum and Claroideoglomus etunicatum were the dominant species in all surveyed plots. The redundancy analysis showed that AMF community structure was influenced greatly by pH, soil management, soil organic matter (C<sub>ox</sub>) and available phosphorus (P<sub>Olsen</sub>). In SC orchards, species richness and Shannon-Wiener index of AMF were notably higher than in other treated orchards. So, it is reasonable to select SC as the best practice in citrus orchard in order to enhance AMF benefits.  

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