Effect of conventional and organic orchard floor management practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a ‘Cripp’s Pink’/M7 apple orchard soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
André H. Meyer ◽  
John Wooldridge ◽  
Joanna F. Dames
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Orchard Floor Management ◽  
Orchard Soil

Influence of fertiliser application on the occurrence and colonisation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) under maize/Centrosema and sole maize systems

Soil Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Bukola Emmanuel ◽  
Olajire Fagbola ◽  
Oluwole Osonubi
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Soil Fertility Management ◽  
Fertiliser Application

Soil fertility management practices can influence colonisation of crops by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and their abundance. The effects of different rates of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertiliser on AMF occurrence and colonisation were studied in maize/Centrosema pascuorum and sole maize systems. The NPK treatments were at rates (kg/ha): 0-10-30, 45-10-30, and 0-0-0 (control). The AMF spore populations were enumerated by direct counting under a microscope. Nutrient uptake was calculated as the product of nutrient concentration and shoot dry weight, and maize yield was estimated per ha. In the maize/Centrosema system, spore count, AMF colonisation, and nutrient uptake (except N) decreased with NPK 45-10-30 compared with 0-10-30, although maize yields were comparable at the two fertiliser levels. In the sole maize system, fertiliser application did not influence AMF spore abundance, but colonisation, nutrient uptake, and crop yield increased significantly (P < 0.05) with NPK 45-10-30. Maize yield increased by 1200% under the maize/Centrosema system compared with sole maize at NPK 0-10-30. The lowest values for all parameters were obtained under the control treatments. Colonisation of AMF, nutrient uptake, and maize yield were positively correlated. The maize/Centrosema system can maximise AMF benefits to increase yield and also reduce fertiliser input into agricultural soils, while application of N fertiliser is important to increase yield in the sole maize system.

scholarly journals Soil management practices affect arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi propagules, root colonization and growth of rainfed maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Methuselah Mang’erere Nyamwange ◽  
◽  
Ezekiel Mugendi Njeru ◽  
Monicah Mucheru-Muna ◽  
Felix Ngetich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

scholarly journals Nursery and Field Response of Olive Trees Inoculated with Two Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Glomus intraradices and Glomus mosseae

2003 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Estaún ◽  
Amelia Camprubí ◽  
Cinta Calvet ◽  
Jorge Pinochet
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Orchard Soil ◽  
Olive Trees

This paper reports the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on early plant development, field establishment, and crop yield of the olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivar Arbequina. The response of olive plants to the fungi Glomus intraradices (Schenck and Smith) and G. mosseae (Nicol.& Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe in different potting mixes was studied in two different nursery experiments. Pre-inoculation with selected arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi prior to transplanting in the field improved plant growth and crop yield up to three years after inoculation. G. intraradices was more efficient at promoting plant growth than both G. mosseae and the native endophytes present in the orchard soil. Inoculation at the time of transplanting enhanced early plant growth in all the field situations studied. Diminishing mycorrhizal effects over time resulted from natural colonization of noninoculated seedlings and related to the native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal population of the field soil. Early inoculation of olive seedlings enhances early plant development and crop productivity of olive trees.

scholarly journals Diverse plant mixtures sustain a greater arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore viability than monocultures after 12 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-488
Author(s):  
Peter Dietrich ◽  
Christiane Roscher ◽  
Adam Thomas Clark ◽  
Nico Eisenhauer ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Plant Functional Groups ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Soil Biodiversity ◽  
Diverse Plant

Abstract Aims Intensive land management practices can compromise soil biodiversity, thus jeopardizing long-term soil productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a pivotal role in promoting soil productivity through obligate symbiotic associations with plants. However, it is not clear how properties of plant communities, especially species richness and composition influence the viability of AMF populations in soils. Methods Here we test whether monocultures of eight plant species from different plant functional groups, or a diverse mixture of plant species, maintain more viable AMF propagules. To address this question, we extracted AMF spores from 12-year old plant monocultures and mixtures and paired single AMF spores with single plants in a factorial design crossing AMF spore origin with plant species identity. Important Findings AMF spores from diverse plant mixtures were more successful at colonizing multiple plant species and plant individuals than AMF spores from plant monocultures. Furthermore, we found evidence that AMF spores originating from diverse mixtures more strongly increased biomass than AMF from monocultures in the legume Trifolium repens L. AMF viability and ability to interact with many plant species were greater when AMF spores originated from 12-year old mixtures than monocultures. Our results show for the first time that diverse plant communities can sustain AMF viability in soils and demonstrate the potential of diverse plant communities to maintain viable AMF propagules that are a key component to soil health and productivity.

scholarly journals Influence of Land Use Intensity and Management on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi-Avocado Symbiosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
P. G. Soti ◽  
Bulent Toprak ◽  
Nina De La Rosa ◽  
Krish Jayachandran
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Mycorrhizal Colonization ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was done to assess the effect of soil disturbance on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore abundance and root colonization in avocado (Persea americana Mill.). Rhizosphere soil and root samples of avocado were collected from different farms in south Florida and analyzed for degree of mycorrhizal colonization in roots, spore density and diversity in soil along with soil characteristics. There was significant difference in the soil characteristics among the different farms. Similarly, there was a significant difference in the degree of mycorrhizal colonization in the roots and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore morphotypes among different land use and management practices. However, there was no significant difference in the total number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores among these sites. There was no correlation between the number of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores and soil characteristics. However, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization in roots were strongly influenced by soil characteristics such as soil moisture, carbon, nitrogen, and organic matter. Further research is necessary to identify these AMF species and determine the role of in avocado growth tolerance to anthropogenic disturbance in highly disturbed urban soils.

Meta-Analysis of Crop and Weed Growth Responses to Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Implications for Integrated Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Li ◽  
Nicholas R. Jordan ◽  
Roger T. Koide ◽  
Anthony C. Yannarell ◽  
Adam S. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Amf Diversity

Integrated weed management (IWM) relies upon multiple chemical, physical, or biological weed management techniques to achieve an acceptable level of weed control. Agents that selectively suppress weeds but not crops and that can be manipulated in agriculture will be promising components for inclusion in IWM. We used a meta-analytic approach to investigate the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to contribute to IWM. We quantified the effect of crop and weed host status (strong and weak AMF hosts are divided in this study by a 10% root length colonization threshold), AMF diversity (single vs. mixed), and soil N and P fertility management on plant mycorrhizal growth responses (MGRs). Our results indicated that weak host weeds had consistently lower MGRs than strong host crops in both controlled and field conditions. Moreover, these differences in MGRs between weak host weeds and strong host crops were more pronounced under mixed AMF inoculum and low N and P nutrient availability. In contrast, MGR of strong host weeds was not different from strong host crops in general. However, we observed a wide range of MGRs among strong host weeds, some of which had much lower MGRs than strong host crops. In addition, in the presence of N and P fertilizers, strong host crops had a stronger positive response to AMF than strong host weeds. Thus, our meta-analysis indicates that AMF have potential to contribute to weed control by direct and indirect pathways: directly suppress weak host weeds, and indirectly suppress some strong host weeds mediating by competitive effects exerted by strong host crops. We suggest that management practices affecting AMF diversity and crop and weed mycorrhizal responses could be chosen to improve the contribution of AMF to IWM. Better understanding is needed of crop–weed–AMF interactions and management practices that enhance this form of weed management.

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