The emergence of theoretical physics in Japan: Japanese physics community between the two World Wars

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Physics Community

scholarly journals David Ian Olive. 16 April 1937—7 November 2012

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 467-498
Author(s):  
Edward Corrigan ◽  
Peter Goddard
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Matrix Theory ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Theoretical Physicist

David Olive, who died in Barton, Cambridgeshire, on 7 November 2012, aged 75, was a theoretical physicist who made seminal contributions to the development of string theory and to our understanding of the structure of quantum field theory. In early work on S -matrix theory, he helped to provide the conceptual framework within which string theory was initially formulated. His work, with Gliozzi and Scherk, on supersymmetry in string theory made possible the whole idea of superstrings, now understood as the natural framework for string theory. Olive’s pioneering insights about the duality between electric and magnetic objects in gauge theories were way ahead of their time; it took two decades before his bold and courageous duality conjectures began to be understood. Although somewhat quiet and reserved, he took delight in the company of others, generously sharing his emerging understanding of new ideas with students and colleagues. He was widely influential, not only through the depth and vision of his original work, but also because the clarity, simplicity and elegance of his expositions of new and difficult ideas and theories provided routes into emerging areas of research, both for students and for the theoretical physics community more generally.

scholarly journals Fluctuations and temperature effects in bose-einstein condensation

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 55-67
Author(s):  
Anne de Bouard ◽  
Arnaud Debussche ◽  
Reika Fukuizumi ◽  
Romain Poncet
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Cold Atoms ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Einstein Condensation ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensation ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
Bose Einstein

The modeling of cold atoms systems has known an increasing interest in the theoretical physics community, after the first experimental realizations of Bose Einstein condensates, some twenty years ago. We here review some analytical and numerical results concerning the influence of fluctua-tions, either arising from fluctuations of the confining parameters, or due to temperature effects, in the models describing the dynamics of such condensates.

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY: FROM ELECTRON INTERACTION TO NUCLEAR SUPERFLUIDITY

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (20n21) ◽  
pp. 3814-3834
Author(s):  
David Pines
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Theory ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Effective Electron ◽  
David Bohm ◽  
Small Segment ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
John Bardeen ◽  
Theory Of Superconductivity

I present an expanded version of a talk given at the Urbana symposium that celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the microscopic theory of superconductivity by Bardeen, Cooper, and Schrieffer — BCS. I recall at some length, the work with my Ph.D. mentor, David Bohm, and my postdoctoral mentor, John Bardeen, on electron interaction in metals during the period 1948–55 that helped pave the way for BCS, describe the immediate impact of BCS on a small segment of the Princeton physics community in the early spring of 1957, and discuss the extent to which the Bardeen–Pines–Frohlich effective electron-electron interaction provided a criterion for superconductivity in the periodic system. I describe my lectures on BCS at Niels Bohr's Institute of Theoretical Physics in June 1957 that led to the proposal of nuclear superfluidity, discuss nuclear and cosmic superfluids briefly, and close with a tribute to John Bardeen, whose birth centennial we celebrated in 2008, and who was my mentor, close colleague, and dear friend.

Crisis and the construction of modern theoretical physics

2007 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUMAN SETH
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
World View ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Secondary Literature ◽  
Physics Community ◽  
Extensive Body ◽  
Collective Construction ◽  
Revolutionary Science

This paper takes up the concept of ‘crisis’ at both historical and historiographical levels. It proceeds through two examples of periods that have been described by historians of physics using a language of crisis. The first examines an incipient German theoretical-physics community around 1900 and the debates that concerned the so-called ‘failure’ of the mechanical world view. It is argued, largely on the basis of what is now an extensive body of secondary literature, that there is little evidence for a widespread crisis in this period. Abandoning the term as both description and explanation, one comes to the far more intriguing suggestion that the conflict over foundations was not evidence of a divisive dissonance but rather of collective construction. What has been termed crisis was, in fact, the practice of theoretical physics in the fin de siècle. The second example is the period either side of the advent of quantum mechanics around 1925. Different subgroups within the theoretical-physics community viewed the state of the field in dramatically different ways. Those, such as members of the Sommerfeld school in Munich, who saw the task of the physicist as lying in the solution of particular problems, neither saw a crisis nor acknowledged its resolution. On the other hand those, such as several researchers associated with Niels Bohr's institute in Copenhagen, who focused on the creation and adaptation of new principles, openly advocated a crisis even before decisive anomalies arose. They then sought to conceptualize the development of quantum mechanics in terms of crises and the revolutions that followed. Thomas Kuhn's language of crisis, revolution and anomaly, it is concluded, arises from his focus on only one set of theoretical physicists. A closer look at intra-communal differences opens a new vista onto what he termed ‘normal’ and ‘revolutionary’ science.

Theoretical physics in Nepal

Nature ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Stoddart
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Physics

Galilean Reflections on Milton Friedman’s "Methodology of Positive Economics", with Thoughts on Vernon Smith’s "Economics in the Laboratory"

2007 ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schliesser
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Experimental Economics ◽  
Nobel Prize ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Positive Economics

The article examines in detail the argument of M. Friedman as expressed in his famous article "Methodology of Positive Economics". In considering the problem of interconnection of theoretical hypotheses with experimental evidence the author illustrates his thesis using the history of the Galilean law of free fall and its role in the development of theoretical physics. He also draws upon methodological ideas of the founder of experimental economics and Nobel prize winner V. Smith.

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