The Visibility Curve of the White Rat as Determined by the Electrical Retinal Response to Lights of Different Wave-Lengths

1935 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Graham ◽  
L. A. Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Response

The influence of strict control on diabetic complications

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S57-S60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian F. Hanssen ◽  
Knut Dahl-Jørgensen ◽  
Olaf Brinchmann-Hansen ◽  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Complications ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Response Duration ◽  
Proliferative Retinopathy ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Acting Insulin ◽  
Strict Control ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Retinal Response

Abstract. We studied 45 IDDM without c-peptide response, duration 7-22 years, without proliferative retinopathy. After 2 months run-in period, they were randomly assigned to: (P) 15 received CSII: (C) 15 received muliple s.c. injections via butterfly 5-6x daily;: (M) 15 received twice daily mixed rapid and long acting insulin. All groups improved blood glucose control in the run-in period (p<0.0001). After change of treatment (P) and (M) improved further (p<0.01) but (C) was unchanged. GFR was supranormal and decreased in (P) and (M). No regression of retinopathy was shown in any group. One in (P) had transient florid pre-proliferative retinopathy which regressed spontaneously without laser treatment. We conclude that retinal response to strict control is complex. A transient deterioration may been seen.

An electrically evoked slow potential of the frog's retina. II. Identification with PII component of electroretinogram

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Knighton
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Current ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Slow Potential ◽  
Synaptic Terminals ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
Retinal Response

1. To show conclusively that the electrically evoked retinal response (EERG) is in fact an electrically evoked component of the usual ERG, it is necessary to show that the two responses have the same intraretinal pattern of current generators. A method for determining when two responses have the same origin has been developed. This method utilizes measurements from a single microelectrode penetrating the retina. 2. The method was sensitive enough to detect differences in the origins of two responses when they were present. 3. The EERG had the same intraretinal origin as the PII component of the ERG, and thus is the PII component evoked by electricity rather than by light. 4. The hypothesis that electrical stimuli act on the synaptic terminals of the photoreceptor cells predicts that electrical current will evoke components of the ERG. The fact that the EERG is an electrically evoked component of the ERG fulfills that prediction.

Retinal Response to Color Shift

1953 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-15
Author(s):  
S. BURLEIGH ◽  
A. FORBES
Keyword(s):  
Color Shift ◽  
Retinal Response

Evaluating Central Serous Chorioretinopathy with Multifocal Electroretinogram

2009 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Marilita M Moschos ◽  
Michael Moschos ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Fluorescein Angiography ◽  
Central Serous Chorioretinopathy ◽  
Multifocal Electroretinogram ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Corrected Visual Acuity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Retinal Response ◽  
Normal Controls ◽  
Best Corrected Visual Acuity

Purpose: To evaluate central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) by multifocal electroretinogram (mf-ERG). Patients and methods: Twenty-one patients (21 eyes) with unilateral CSCR were examined. Both eyes of each patient underwent complete ophthalmological examination, including measurement of best corrected visual acuity, fluorescein angiography and mf-ERG recording. Our results were compared with the corresponding findings of 33 age-matched normal volunteers. Results: At presentation, the mean retinal response density (RRD) of the affected eyes in area 1 was 50.8% lower compared with normal controls (p<0.001). After CSCR regression, the mean RRD of the affected eyes was 30.1% lower compared with normal controls (p<0.001). Six fellow unaffected eyes showed a mean RRD in area 1 equal to 12nV/deg2. Conclusion: During the acute phase of CSCR, the mean RRD of the fovea was significantly abnormal. After its regression, mf-ERG values ameliorate, but they remain significantly abnormal. Abnormal values in area 1 were also found in the unaffected eyes.

scholarly journals Retinal response of Macaca mulatta to picosecond laser pulses of varying energy and spot size

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Roach ◽  
Clarence P. Cain ◽  
Drew G. Narayan ◽  
Gary D. Noojin ◽  
Stephen A. Boppart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Picosecond Laser ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Spot Size ◽  
Picosecond Laser Pulses ◽  
Retinal Response

scholarly journals An asymmetric outer retinal response to drifting sawtooth gratings

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 2349-2358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Riddell ◽  
Laila Hugrass ◽  
Jude Jayasuriya ◽  
Sheila G. Crewther ◽  
David P. Crewther
Keyword(s):  
Perceptual Experience ◽  
Temporal Frequency ◽  
Luminance Contrast ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Frame Rate ◽  
Frequency Effects ◽  
Dc Potential ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Retinal Response

Electroretinogram (ERG) studies have demonstrated that the retinal response to temporally modulated fast-ON and fast-OFF sawtooth flicker is asymmetric. The response to spatiotemporal sawtooth stimuli has not yet been investigated. Perceptually, such drifting gratings or diamond plaids shaded in a sawtooth pattern appear brighter when movement produces fast-OFF relative to fast-ON luminance profiles. The neural origins of this illusion remain unclear (although a retinal basis has been suggested). Thus we presented toad eyecups with sequential epochs of sawtooth, sine-wave, and square-wave gratings drifting horizontally across the retina at temporal frequencies of 2.5–20 Hz. All ERGs revealed a sustained direct-current (DC) transtissue potential during drift and a peak at drift offset. The amplitudes of both phenomena increased with temporal frequency. Consistent with the human perceptual experience of sawtooth gratings, the sustained DC potential effect was greater for fast-OFF cf. fast-ON sawtooth. Modeling suggested that the dependence of temporal luminance contrast on stimulus device frame rate contributed to the temporal frequency effects but could not explain the divergence in response amplitudes for the two sawtooth profiles. The difference between fast-ON and fast-OFF sawtooth profiles also remained following pharmacological suppression of postreceptoral activity with tetrodotoxin (TTX), 2-amino-4-phosphonobutric acid (APB), and 2,3 cis-piperidine dicarboxylic acid (PDA). Our results indicate that the DC potential difference originates from asymmetries in the photoreceptoral response to fast-ON and fast-OFF sawtooth profiles, thus pointing to an outer retinal origin for the motion-induced drifting sawtooth brightness illusion.

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