Components of Visual Memory

1977 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Phillips ◽  
D. F. M. Christie
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Recency Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Random List ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory

Visual recognition memory for a sequence of non-verbalized patterns is shown to have a large and clearly defined recency effect. This recency effect occurs with random list lengths and therefore cannot be due to differential processing of the end items. The effect is completely removed by just 3 s of mental arithmetic but survives for at least 10 s over unfilled intervals. Recognition memory for patterns at other serial positions is slower, less accurate, and shows no primacy effect; performance at these earlier serial positions is dependent upon the time for which patterns are initially presented, but is unaffected by the duration of the retention interval, mental arithmetic, and the time between patterns on initial presentation. These findings provide evidence that visual memory has two components that are closely analogous to the short-term (STM) and long-term (LTM) components of verbal memory. Visual STM, here called visualization, has a capacity of one pattern, cannot be activated LTM, and does not seem to be the gateway to LTM.

scholarly journals Visual recognition memory, manifested as long-term habituation, requires synaptic plasticity in V1

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam F Cooke ◽  
Robert W Komorowski ◽  
Eitan S Kaplan ◽  
Jeffrey P Gavornik ◽  
Mark F Bear
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory

Development and plasticity of the neural circuitry underlying visual recognition memory

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1364-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree J. Webster ◽  
Leslie G. Ungerleider ◽  
Jocelyne Bachevalier
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Area Te

In adult monkeys, visual recognition memory, as measured by the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task, requires the interaction between inferior temporal cortical area TE and medial temporal lobe structures (mainly the entorhinal and perirhinal cortical areas). Ontogenetically, monkeys do not perform at adult levels of proficiency on the DNMS task until 2 years of age. Recent studies have demonstrated that this protracted development of visual recognition memory is due to an immaturity of the association areas of the neocortex rather than the medial temporal lobe. For example, lesions of the medial temporal lobe structures in infancy or in adulthood yield profound and permanent visual recognition loss, indicating that the medial temporal lobe structures operate early in life to sustain visual memory. In contrast, early lesions of area TE, unlike late lesions, result in a significant and long-lasting sparing of visual memory ability. Further evidence for neocortical immaturity is provided by studies of the development of opiatergic and cholinergic receptors, of the maturation of metabolic activity, and of the connectivity between inferior temporal areas TE and TEO and cortical and subcortical structures. Together these results indicate greater compensatory potential after neonatal cortical than after neonatal medial temporal removals. In support of this view, early damage to area TE leads to the maintenance of normally transient projections as well as to reorganization in cortical areas outside the temporal lobe. In addition, lesion studies indicate that, during infancy, visual recognition functions are widely distributed throughout many visual association areas but, with maturation, these functions become localized to area TE. Thus, the maintenance of exuberant projections together with reorganization in other cortical areas of the brain could account for the preservation of visual memories in monkeys that have had area TE removed in infancy.Key words: limbic structures, association cortex, amygdala, transient connections, compensatory potential.

Hyperstriatal Lesions in Pigeons Disrupt Recognition Memory at Long, but not at Short, Inter-Trial Intervals

1983 ◽  
Vol 35 (2b) ◽  
pp. 169-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euan M. Macphail
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Reversal Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Impaired Performance ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Rates Of Decay ◽  
And Control ◽  
Increased Susceptibility

Two series of experiments investigated short-term visual recognition memory in pigeons following lesions of the hyperstriatal complex; the first series used a choice technique, the second, a single-key go/no go technique. The results of the two series agreed, first, in finding impaired performance in hyperstriatal birds at long but not at short inter-trial intervals, and, second, in obtaining no evidence of differential rates of decay of traces in hyperstriatal and control subjects. A final experiment confirmed that the hyperstriatal birds were, as expected from previous work, impaired on reversals of colour and position discriminations. It is tentatively suggested that deficits following hyperstriatal damage in both recognition and reversal performance may be understood as being the consequence of an increased susceptibility to frustrating events in hyperstriatal subjects.

Short-Term Visual Recognition Memory in Pigeons

1980 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Euan M. Macphail
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Item List ◽  
Inter Trial Interval ◽  
Recognition Technique

Recognition memory for lists of items was investigated in pigeons using a YES-NO recognition technique. Experiment I showed that increasing the exposure duration of the first item of a two-item list improved recognition for that item without impairing recognition of the second item. Experiment II showed that decreasing the inter-trial interval had no effect on correct YES responses but significantly increased the number of false YES responses. Experiment III showed that recognition for the last two items of a three-item list was no poorer than that for lists of only two items. Experiment IV showed that increasing the delay between presentation and test of a two-item list (from 0·25-1 s) had a more disruptive effect on recognition for the second than for the first item. The data from these four experiments support a model proposed by Roberts and Grant, according to which memory traces are independent, and decay as a negatively accelerated function of time. Experiments V, VI, and VII investigated recognition for lists of three, four, and five items, and found no evidence for a primacy effect, performance being a linear function of time since sample offset.

scholarly journals Erratum: Visual recognition memory, manifested as long-term habituation, requires synaptic plasticity in V1

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam F Cooke ◽  
Robert W Komorowski ◽  
Eitan S Kaplan ◽  
Jeffrey P Gavornik ◽  
Mark F Bear
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory
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