Development and plasticity of the neural circuitry underlying visual recognition memory

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 1364-1371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree J. Webster ◽  
Leslie G. Ungerleider ◽  
Jocelyne Bachevalier
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Cortical Areas ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Area Te

In adult monkeys, visual recognition memory, as measured by the delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task, requires the interaction between inferior temporal cortical area TE and medial temporal lobe structures (mainly the entorhinal and perirhinal cortical areas). Ontogenetically, monkeys do not perform at adult levels of proficiency on the DNMS task until 2 years of age. Recent studies have demonstrated that this protracted development of visual recognition memory is due to an immaturity of the association areas of the neocortex rather than the medial temporal lobe. For example, lesions of the medial temporal lobe structures in infancy or in adulthood yield profound and permanent visual recognition loss, indicating that the medial temporal lobe structures operate early in life to sustain visual memory. In contrast, early lesions of area TE, unlike late lesions, result in a significant and long-lasting sparing of visual memory ability. Further evidence for neocortical immaturity is provided by studies of the development of opiatergic and cholinergic receptors, of the maturation of metabolic activity, and of the connectivity between inferior temporal areas TE and TEO and cortical and subcortical structures. Together these results indicate greater compensatory potential after neonatal cortical than after neonatal medial temporal removals. In support of this view, early damage to area TE leads to the maintenance of normally transient projections as well as to reorganization in cortical areas outside the temporal lobe. In addition, lesion studies indicate that, during infancy, visual recognition functions are widely distributed throughout many visual association areas but, with maturation, these functions become localized to area TE. Thus, the maintenance of exuberant projections together with reorganization in other cortical areas of the brain could account for the preservation of visual memories in monkeys that have had area TE removed in infancy.Key words: limbic structures, association cortex, amygdala, transient connections, compensatory potential.

Intracranial Recordings Demonstrate Both Cortical and Medial Temporal Lobe Engagement in Visual Search in Humans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
S. J. Katarina Slama ◽  
Richard Jimenez ◽  
Sujayam Saha ◽  
David King-Stephens ◽  
Kenneth D. Laxer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Anatomical Space ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

Abstract Visual search is a fundamental human behavior, providing a gateway to understanding other sensory domains as well as the role of search in higher-order cognition. Search has been proposed to include two component processes: inefficient search (search) and efficient search (pop-out). According to extant research, these two processes map onto two separable neural systems located in the frontal and parietal association cortices. In this study, we use intracranial recordings from 23 participants to delineate the neural correlates of search and pop-out with an unprecedented combination of spatiotemporal resolution and coverage across cortical and subcortical structures. First, we demonstrate a role for the medial temporal lobe in visual search, on par with engagement in frontal and parietal association cortex. Second, we show a gradient of increasing engagement over anatomical space from dorsal to ventral lateral frontal cortex. Third, we confirm previous intracranial work demonstrating nearly complete overlap in neural engagement across cortical regions in search and pop-out. We further demonstrate pop-out selectivity, manifesting as activity increase in pop-out as compared to search, in a distributed set of sites including frontal cortex. This result is at odds with the view that pop-out is implemented in low-level visual cortex or parietal cortex alone. Finally, we affirm a central role for the right lateral frontal cortex in search.

scholarly journals A Fast Visual Recognition Memory System in Humans Identified Using Intracerebral ERP

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 2961-2971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Despouy ◽  
Jonathan Curot ◽  
Martin Deudon ◽  
Ludovic Gardy ◽  
Marie Denuelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Memory System ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Fast Recognition

Abstract One key item of information retrieved when surveying our visual world is whether or not objects are familiar. However, there is no consensus on the respective roles of medial temporal lobe structures, particularly the perirhinal cortex (PRC) and hippocampus. We considered whether the PRC could support a fast recognition memory system independently from the hippocampus. We recorded the intracerebral electroencephalograph activity of epileptic patients while they were performing a fast visual recognition memory task, constraining them to use their quickest strategy. We performed event-related potential (ERP) and classification analyses. The PRC was, by far, the earliest region involved in recognition memory. This activity occurred before the first behavioral responses and was found to be related to reaction times, unlike the hippocampus. Single-trial analyses showed that decoding power was equivalent in the PRC and hippocampus but occurred much earlier in the PRC. A critical finding was that recognition memory-related activity occurred in different frontal and parietal regions, including the supplementary motor area, before the hippocampus. These results, based on ERP analyses, suggest that the human brain is equipped with a fast recognition memory system, which may bypass the hippocampus and in which the PRC plays a critical role.

scholarly journals Single‐neuron correlate of epilepsy‐related cognitive deficits in visual recognition memory in right mesial temporal lobe

Epilepsia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung J. Lee ◽  
Danielle E. Beam ◽  
Andrea G. P. Schjetnan ◽  
Lynn K. Paul ◽  
Nand Chandravadia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

P2-304: Deficits in Visual Recognition Memory: A Marker of Early Mesial Temporal Lobe Degeneration in Nondemented Outpatients from Memory Clinics?

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. P752-P752
Author(s):  
Mathieu Ceccaldi ◽  
Vincent Bouteloup ◽  
Jean-Francois Mangin ◽  
Mira Didic ◽  
Emmanuel Barbeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Clinics ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe

Primate Rhinal Cortex Participates in Both Visual Recognition and Working Memory Tasks: Functional Mapping With 2-DG

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 2590-2601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Davachi ◽  
Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Perirhinal Cortex ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Rhinal Cortex

The rhinal cortex in the medial temporal lobe has been implicated in object recognition memory tasks and indeed is considered to be the critical node in a visual memory network. Previous studies using the 2-deoxyglucose method have shown that thalamic and hippocampal structures thought to be involved in visual recognition memory are also engaged by spatial and object working memory tasks in the nonhuman primate. Networks engaged in memory processing can be recognized by analysis of patterns of activation accompanying performance of specifically designed tasks. In the present study, we compared metabolic activation of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortex during the performance of three working memory tasks [delayed response (DR), delayed alternation (DA), and delayed object alternation (DOA)] to that induced by a standard recognition memory task [delayed match-to-sample (DMS)] and a sensorimotor control task in rhesus monkeys. A region-of-interest analysis revealed elevated local cerebral glucose utilization in the perirhinal cortex in animals performing the DA, DOA, and DMS tasks, and animals performing the DMS task were distinct in showing a strong focus of activation in the lateral perirhinal cortex. No significant differences were evident between groups performing memory and control tasks in the entorhinal cortex. These findings suggest that the perirhinal cortex may play a much broader role in memory processing than has been previously thought, encompassing explicit working memory as well as recognition memory.

scholarly journals Intracranial recordings demonstrate medial temporal lobe engagement in visual search in humans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Katarina Slama ◽  
Richard Jimenez ◽  
Sujayam Saha ◽  
David King-Stephens ◽  
Kenneth D. Laxer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Medial Temporal Lobe ◽  
Association Cortex ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Spatiotemporal Resolution ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Anatomical Space ◽  
Intracranial Recordings

AbstractVisual search is a fundamental human behavior, which has been proposed to include two component processes: inefficient search (Search) and efficient search (Pop-out). According to extant research, these two processes map onto two separable neural systems located in the frontal and parietal association cortices. In the present study, we use intracranial recordings from 23 participants to delineate the neural correlates of Search and Pop-out with an unprecedented combination of spatiotemporal resolution and coverage across cortical and subcortical structures. First, we demonstrate a role for the medial temporal lobe in visual search, on par with engagement in frontal and parietal association cortex. Second, we show a gradient of increasing engagement over anatomical space from dorsal to ventral lateral frontal cortex. Third, we confirm previous work demonstrating nearly complete overlap in neural engagement across cortical regions in Search and Pop-out. We further demonstrate Pop-out selectivity manifesting as activity increase in Pop-out as compared to Search in a distributed set of sites including frontal cortex. This result is at odds with the view that Pop-out is implemented in low-level visual cortex or parietal cortex alone. Finally, we affirm a central role for the right lateral frontal cortex in Search.

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