Order and Conflict Theories of Science as Competing Ideologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Brandmayr
Keyword(s):  
2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Heßbrüggen-Walter

The paper examines controversies over the role of experience in the constitution of scientific knowledge in early modern Aristotelianism. While for Jacopo Zabarella, experience helps to confirm the results of demonstrative science, the Bologna Dominican Chrysostomo Javelli assumes that it also contributes to the discovery of new truths in what he calls ‘beginning science’. Both thinkers use medical plants as a philosophical example. Javelli analyses the proposition ‘rhubarb purges bile’ as the conclusion of a yet unknown scientific proof. Zabarella uses instead hellebore, a plant that is found all over Europe, and defends the view that propositions about purgative powers of plants are based on their ‘identity of substance’, an identity that had become questionable with regard to rhubarb due to new empirical findings in the sixteenth century.



1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Michael Mulkay ◽  
Susan E. Cozzens ◽  
Thomas F. Gieryn

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
Hans Vejleskov

As a primary school teacher in Copenhagen, and, simultaneously, as a student of philosophy at The Universityof Copenhagen, Grue-Sörensen became so well acquainted with contemporary psychology that he, in theyears 1941-55, worked as a school psychologist in Copenhagen. Furthermore, from 1934 until 1955, he published 22 articles or chapters about psychological issues. The present contribution presents and characterizes the 22 publications categorized in (1) works about developmental psychology (including very early mentioning of Jean Piaget and Heinz Werner in Danish), and (2) works about central psychological issues – motivation, learning, and cognition. In the last Section, Grue-Sörensen’s understanding of the relationships between the fields of education, philosophy and psychology is discussed, especially the question of the importance of psychology to education. Finally, it is concluded that, according to Grue-Sörensen, the value of (educational) philosophy to psychology is not to off er insight into theories of science but, rather, inspiration to use words and concepts in a clear and careful way.


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