Study on appropriate straw mulching application rate on sloping farmland in karst area of Southwest China based on soil and water conservation function

This paper analyzes the relationship between runoff, soil erosion, sediment particles, and natural rainfall characteristics on sloping farmland in the red soil region of southern China. The surface runoff and soil loss data were measured on runoff plots during 66 natural rainfall events from 2015 to 2018 in Jiangxi Province. The results show that the maximum 30-min rainfall intensity (I30) is positively related to the runoff depth, soil erosion modulus, and sediment mean weight diameter (MWD). With the increase in I30 during rainfall, the coarse sand content increases, and the fine sand content decreases. The average annual runoff of slope tillage, hedgerows with slope tillage, straw mulching with conventional tillage, and contour tillage decreased by 32.56%, 65.87%, 83.99%, and 87.30%, respectively, compared with that of bare land. Soil and water conservation measures can significantly reduce slope runoff. The flow-reduction effect of contour tillage and straw mulching with conventional tillage increases as I30 increases, and the flow-reduction effect of hedgerows with slope tillage first increases and then decreases as I30 increases. The coefficients of variation and standard deviations of the flow-reduction effects of different soil and water conservation measures decrease with increasing I30. The average annual soil erosion moduli of slope tillage, hedgerows with slope tillage, contour tillage, and straw mulching with conventional tillage decreased by 59.33%, 91.29%, 97.17%, and 98.45%, respectively, compared with that of bare land. Soil and water conservation measures can significantly reduce the sediment yield on slopes. The flow-reduction effects of hedgerows with slope tillage, contour tillage, and straw mulching with conventional tillage all increase with I30, and their coefficients of variation and standard deviations decrease with I30. The average single rainfall erosion sediment MWD of decreased by 5.91%, 8.33%, 9.69%, and 13.32%, respectively, compared with that of bare land. Straw mulching with conventional tillage can significantly reduce the MWD of erosion sediment, effectively reduce the content of coarse sand, and increase the content of fine sand. Straw mulching with conventional tillage is a very good soil and water conservation measure for sloping farmland. It not only has the best effect on reducing flow and sediment, but also can effectively intercept coarse sand and reduce the MWD of erosion sediment.

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Effect of Biochar on Soil and Water Loss on Sloping Farmland in the Black Soil Region of Northeast China during the Spring Thawing Period

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13031460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 1460

Author(s):

Pengfei Yu ◽

Tianxiao Li ◽

Qiang Fu ◽

Dong Liu ◽

Renjie Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Loss ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Application Rate ◽

Frozen Soil ◽

Soil And Water Loss ◽

Sloping Farmland ◽

Soil And Water

Biochar, as a kind of soil amendment, has attracted wide attention from scholars in various countries, and the effects of biochar on soil and water loss have been well reported. However, soil erosion is significantly affected by geographical conditions, climate, and other factors, and research on the characteristics of soil erosion and the effects of biochar application in seasonally frozen soil areas is currently unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of corn straw biochar application on soil and water conservation during the spring thawing period. Specifically, through field experiments, the addition of 0, 6, and 12 kg m−2 biochar on slopes of 1.8, 3.6, 5.4, and 7.2° and the effects on runoff and the soil erosion rate of farmland were analyzed. The results showed that in the 6 and 12 kg m−2 biochar addition treatments, the saturated water content of the soil increased by 24.17 and 42.91%, and the field capacity increased by 32.44 and 51.30%, respectively. Compared with the untreated slope, with an increase in biochar application rate, runoff decreased slightly, and soil erosion decreased significantly. This study reveals that biochar can be used as a potential measure to prevent soil and water loss on sloping farmland in cold regions.

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Application Rate Influences the Soil and Water Conservation Effectiveness of Mulching with Chipped Branches

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj2017.10.0371 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 447-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daili Pan ◽

Xining Zhao ◽

Xiaodong Gao ◽

Yaqian Song ◽

Miles Dyck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Conservation ◽

Application Rate ◽

Soil And Water Conservation ◽

Soil And Water

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Research Progress on Soil and Water Loss and Soil and Water Conservation in Karst Areas

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202014502030 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 145 ◽

pp. 02030

Author(s):

Yan Sun ◽

Yiyuan Zhang ◽

Sigao Li ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

Junming Wang

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Water Loss ◽

Water Conservation ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Soil And Water Conservation ◽

Karst Area ◽

Research Progress ◽

Soil And Water Loss ◽

Karst Areas ◽

Soil And Water

Based on the research of soil erosion and soil and water conservation in karst areas in China in recent years, the status and progress of soil erosion and soil and water conservation in karst areas in China are discussed. The results show that the soil and water loss in the karst area mainly has two types of soil erosion: surface soil erosion and underground soil erosion. Soil and water loss management in karst areas mainly adopts measures to adjust land use structure, increase vegetation coverage, carry out slope-to-ladder construction, and promote clean energy applications. Different governance models should be adopted for different landform types, different landform parts, different slopes, and different levels of rocky desertification in karst areas.

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