Water access and household economic insecurity: conceptual framework and econometric analysis applied to rural Nepal

Author(s):  
David A. Fleming-Muñoz ◽  
Tira Foran ◽  
Nilhari Neupane ◽  
Golam Rasul ◽  
Shahriar M. Wahid ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Naseeha Islam ◽  
Pramesh Koju ◽  
Reetu Manandhar ◽  
Sudip Shrestha ◽  
Charlotte Smith

As one of the poorest nations, citizens of Nepal lack access to safe, affordable, and sufficient drinking water. While many nationwide studies have been performed at a country or regional level in Nepal to determine regions of the highest vulnerability, this study uniquely recognizes the economic heterogeneity within a single rural village and assesses the impact of household socioeconomic status on water access at the intracommunity level. Household surveys in a rural village setting provided the information for a locally-informed relative wealth index. A spatial analysis determined suitable locations for future installation of improved water sources to prioritize water access for the community’s most vulnerable households. Three sites were shown to be optimal for future water source construction. This study provides a blueprint to assess water inequalities within a single village and incorporate forward-thinking development approaches to water access.


1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlene Butler ◽  
Henry Chambers ◽  
Murray Goldstein ◽  
Susan Harris ◽  
Judy Leach ◽  
...  

Crisis ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Rurup ◽  
H. R. W. Pasman ◽  
J. Goedhart ◽  
D. J. H. Deeg ◽  
A. J. F. M. Kerkhof ◽  
...  

Background: Quantitative studies in several European countries showed that 10–20% of older people have or have had a wish to die. Aims: To improve our understanding of why some older people develop a wish to die. Methods: In-depth interviews with people with a wish to die (n = 31) were carried out. Through open coding and inductive analysis, we developed a conceptual framework to describe the development of death wishes. Respondents were selected from two cohort studies. Results: The wish to die had either been triggered suddenly after traumatic life events or had developed gradually after a life full of adversity, as a consequence of aging or illness, or after recurring depression. The respondents were in a situation they considered unacceptable, yet they felt they had no control to change their situation and thus progressively “gave up” trying. Recurring themes included being widowed, feeling lonely, being a victim, being dependent, and wanting to be useful. Developing thoughts about death as a positive thing or a release from problems seemed to them like a way to reclaim control. Conclusions: People who wish to die originally develop thoughts about death as a positive solution to life events or to an adverse situation, and eventually reach a balance of the wish to live and to die.


1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 967-968
Author(s):  
Ernst G. Beier
Keyword(s):  

2011 ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald T. Ankley ◽  
Richard S. Bennett ◽  
Russell J. Erickson ◽  
Dale J. Hoff ◽  
Michael W. Hornung ◽  
...  

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