This chapter focuses on downstream market impacts in global regime design. It explains why governments have developed integrated and legalized institutions for financial assistance and technology transfer in the ozone layer regime but unintegrated and voluntary institutions for financial assistance and technology transfer in the climate change regime. There are similarities among these regimes and issue-areas that are useful in isolating the impact of market structures and incentives on the design of international institutions. The analysis mainly relies on the author’s fifty interviews conducted with government negotiators, international civil servants, business representatives, and civil society representatives. The findings show that governments have designed the financial and technology-transfer institutions of these atmospheric regimes in light of the opportunities provided by and the constraints on producers in a variety of regulated markets—and that producers make investments and innovation decisions based on downstream consumer demand.
How Principal Investigators’ Commercial Experience Influences Technology Transfer and Market Impacts
