Qualitative Evaluation Methods in Ethics Education: A Systematic Review and Analysis of Best Practices

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-242
Author(s):  
Logan L. Watts ◽  
E. Michelle Todd ◽  
Tyler J. Mulhearn ◽  
Kelsey E. Medeiros ◽  
Michael D. Mumford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Methods

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of De-Escalation Techniques as Compared to Physical Restraint/Seclusion on Inpatient Psychiatric Units: A Quantitative Systematic Review

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-176
Author(s):  
Shavar Chase
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Physical Restraint ◽  
Psychological Injury ◽  
Inherent Risk ◽  
Physical Injuries ◽  
Psychological Injuries ◽  
Overwhelming Evidence ◽  
Psychiatric Units ◽  
Quantitative Systematic Review

AbstractBackgroundRestraint and seclusion were considered a form of treatment but consistently has led to physical and mental injuries to staff and patients. De-escalation has been viewed as a safer option. Understanding which intervention yields decreased injuries, aggression and violence will guide policy and inform practice.ObjectivesTo identify which intervention leads to decreased physical and psychological injury to patients and staff.MethodsThe frequency of physical injuries to patients and staff from aggressive patients; frequency of psychological injuries to patients and staff from violent, aggressive incidents; frequency of violence, agitation and aggression; competence of staff at managing aggression and violence were evaluated.ResultsFourteen studies were included in this review. There are many forms of de-escalation. Studies where techniques were taught to staff, the intervention was effective in decreasing injury in approximately half the studies. De-escalation techniques taught to patients decreased injury in 100% of the studies included in this review.ConclusionConsensus on which intervention works best could not be reached, nor is there overwhelming evidence for a particular type of de-escalation better suited for decreasing aggression and violence. Caution should be exercised when choosing a de-escalation technique for implementation in institutions due to lack of regulating agencies that inform practice and standards. In addition, the literature lacks best practices for de-escalation techniques backed by evidence. Restraint and seclusion should be used as a last resort due to inherent risk associated with the intervention.

scholarly journals Evaluation methods of sagittal curvatures in invasive examinations of the spine: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (44) ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Bárbara Vendramini Marchetti ◽  
Eduardo Raupp ◽  
Cláudia Tarragô Candotti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Evaluation Methods

Introdução: A avaliação das curvaturas sagitais da coluna vertebral auxilia na determinação dos padrões posturaisdos indivíduos. Objetivo: Revisar sistematicamente os métodos de avaliação das curvaturas sagitais da coluna vertebralno exame de Raios-X descritos em estudos observacionais. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca sistemática nasbases de dados Scopus, Science, Bireme e Pubmed. Os principais desfechos extraídos foram os métodos utilizadospara avaliar as curvaturas torácica e lombar da coluna vertebral no plano sagital através do exame de Raios-X. Paraavaliação da qualidade metodológica foi utilizado o checklist de Brink, Louw. Resultados: Nos 23 artigos incluídosnessa revisão, encontramos nove métodos diferentes para avaliar as curvaturas sagitais, tais como Cobb (2 ou 4 linhas),Cobb alternativo, Cobb máximo ou não constricto, Raio da curvatura, TRALL, Círculos tangenciais, Tangentesposteriores, Centroides e PR. Os métodos não dependentes dos platôs vertebrais, tais como Centroides, Círculostangenciais, Cobb alternativo, Raio da curvatura para a coluna torácica; Centroide, Tangente posterior, TRALL e PRpara a lombar apresentam iguais ou melhores valores de reprodutibilidade e menor variabilidade de medidas quequando comparados ao ângulo Cobb. Conclusão: Os métodos encontrados mostraram grande correlação com o padrãoouro (ângulo Cobb), tanto para coluna torácica, quanto para a lombar, e podem ser utilizados, em ambos osâmbitos, da pesquisa e da prática clínica, já que apresentam iguais ou melhores valores de reprodutibilidade e menorvariabilidade de medidas que quando comparados ao ângulo Cobb.

Digital Heritage Systems

2014 ◽  
pp. 503-527
Author(s):  
Stella Sylaiou ◽  
Martin White ◽  
Fotis Liarokapis
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Virtual Museum ◽  
User Requirement ◽  
Domain Experts ◽  
Cultural Objects ◽  
Digital Heritage ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Museum Evaluation

This chapter describes the evaluation methods conducted for a digital heritage system, called ARCO (Augmented Representation of Cultural Objects), which examines the tools and methods used for its evaluation. The case study describes the knowledge acquired from several user requirement assessments, and further describes how to use this specific knowledge to provide a general framework for a holistic virtual museum evaluation. This approach will facilitate designers to determine the flaws of virtual museum environments, fill the gap between the technologies they use and those the users prefer and improve them in order to provide interactive and engaging virtual museums. The proposed model used not only quantitative, but also qualitative evaluation methods, and it is based on the extensive evaluations of the ARCO system by simple end-users, usability experts and domain experts. The main evaluation criteria were usability, presence, and learning.

Evaluation methods and impact of simulation-based training in pediatric surgery: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1085-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Yokoyama ◽  
Kenichi Mizunuma ◽  
Yo Kurashima ◽  
Yusuke Watanabe ◽  
Tomoko Mizota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Simulation Based

scholarly journals WHO guidance on mental health training: a systematic review of the progress for non-specialist health workers

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e024059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Caulfield ◽  
Deniz Vatansever ◽  
Gabriel Lambert ◽  
Tine Van Bortel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Patient Outcome ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Mental Health Training ◽  
Health Training ◽  
Training Courses ◽  
Evaluation Outcome

ObjectiveTo assess existing literature on the effectiveness of mental health training courses for non-specialist health workers, based on the WHO guidelines (2008).DesignA systematic review was carried out, complying with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist.Data sourcesAfter examination of key studies in the literature, a comprehensive search was performed within the following electronic databases on 31 May 2017: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL (using EBSCOHost interface), Cochrane, Web of Science.Eligibility criteriaSearches were conducted for articles published in English from January 2008 to May 2017, using search terms related to mental health, training, community care and evaluation/outcome, following the Participants, Interventions, Comparators and Outcomes process for evidence-based practice.OutcomesData were collected across the following categories: trainees (number and background), training course (curriculum, teaching method, length), evaluation method (timing of evaluation, collection method and measures assessed) and evaluation outcome (any improvement recorded from baseline). In addition, studies were assessed for their methodological quality using the framework established by Liuet al(2016).Results29 studies with relevant training courses met the inclusion criteria. These were implemented across 16 countries since 2008 (over half between 2014 and 2017), with 10 in three high-income countries. Evaluation methods and outcomes showed high variability across studies, with courses assessing trainees’ attitude, knowledge, clinical practice, skills, confidence, satisfaction and/or patient outcome. All 29 studies found some improvement after training in at least one area, and 10 studies found this improvement to be significant.ConclusionsTraining non-specialist workers in mental healthcare is an effective strategy to increase global provision and capacity, and improves knowledge, attitude, skill and confidence among health workers, as well as clinical practice and patient outcome. Areas for future focus include the development of standardised evaluation methods and outcomes to allow cross-comparison between studies, and optimisation of course structure.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016033269

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