Principal component analysis reveals microbial biomass carbon as an effective bioindicator of health status of petroleum-polluted agricultural soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (24) ◽  
pp. 3178-3190
Author(s):  
Chukwudi O. Onwosi ◽  
Joyce N. Odimba ◽  
Victor C. Igbokwe ◽  
Florence O. Nduka ◽  
Tochukwu N. Nwagu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Biomass Carbon

scholarly journals Evaluation of soil fertility in the succession of karst rocky desertification using principal component analysis

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Xie ◽  
J. Zhong ◽  
F. F. Chen ◽  
F. X. Cao ◽  
J. J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Karst Rocky Desertification ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Changing Trend

Abstract. Expanding of karst rocky desertification (RD) area in southwestern China is strangling the sustainable development of local agricultural economy. It is important to evaluate the soil fertility at RD regions for the sustainable management of karst lands. The changes in 19 different soil fertility-related variables along a gradient of karst rocky desertification were investigated in five different counties belonging to the central Hunan province in China. We used principal component analysis method to calculate the soil data matrix and obtained a standardized integrate soil fertility (ISF) indicator to reflect RD grades. The results showed that the succession of RD had different impacts on soil fertility indicators. The changing trend of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) was potential RD (PRD) > light RD (LRD) > moderate RD (MRD) > intensive RD (IRD), whereas the changing trend of other indicators was not entirely consistent with the succession of RD. The degradation trend of ISF was basically parallel to the aggravation of RD, and the strength of ISF mean values were in the order of PRD > LRD > MRD > IRD. The TOC, MBC, and MBN could be regarded as the key indicators to evaluate the soil fertility.

scholarly journals Evaluation of soil fertility in the succession of karst rocky desertification using principal component analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3333-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Xie ◽  
J. Zhong ◽  
F. X. Cao ◽  
J. J. Li ◽  
L. C. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Karst Rocky Desertification ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Changing Trend

Abstract. Expanding of karst rocky desertification (RD) area in southwestern China has led to destructed ecosystem and local economic development lagging behind. It is important to understand the soil fertility at RD regions for the sustainable management of karst lands. The effects of the succession of RD on soil fertility were studied by investigating the stands and analyzing the soil samples with different RD grades in the central Hunan province, China, using the principal component analysis method. The results showed that the succession of RD had different impacts on soil fertility indicators. The changing trend of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorous (AP), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN) out of 19 selected indicators in different RD regions was: potential RD (PRD) > light RD (LRD) > moderate RD (MRD) > intensive RD (IRD), whereas the changing trend of other indicators was not entirely consistent with the succession of RD. The degradation trend of soil fertility was basically parallel to the aggravation of RD, and the strength of integrated soil fertility was in the order of PRD > MRD > LRD > IRD. The TOC, total phosphorus (TP), cation exchange capacity (CEC), MBC, MBN, microbial mass phosphorous (MBP), and bulk density (BD) could be regarded as the key indicators to evaluate the soil fertility due to their close correlations to the integrated fertility.

Pattern discovery of health curves using an ordered probit model with Bayesian smoothing and functional principal component analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 096228022095183
Author(s):  
Shijia Wang ◽  
Yunlong Nie ◽  
Jason M Sutherland ◽  
Liangliang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Ordered Probit ◽  
Functional Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Ordered Probit Model ◽  
Functional Principal Component ◽  
Bayesian Smoothing

This article is motivated by the need for discovering patterns of patients’ health based on their daily settings of care to aid the health policy-makers to improve the effectiveness of distributing funding for health services. The hidden process of one’s health status is assumed to be a continuous smooth function, called the health curve, ranging from perfectly healthy to dead. The health curves are linked to the categorical setting of care using an ordered probit model and are inferred through Bayesian smoothing. The challenges include the nontrivial constraints on the lower bound of the health status (death) and on the model parameters to ensure model identifiability. We use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method to estimate the parameters and health curves. The functional principal component analysis is applied to the patients’ estimated health curves to discover common health patterns. The proposed method is demonstrated through an application to patients hospitalized from strokes in Ontario. Whilst this paper focuses on the method’s application to a health care problem, the proposed model and its implementation have the potential to be applied to many application domains in which the response variable is ordinal and there is a hidden process. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/liangliangwangsfu/healthCurveCode .

scholarly journals Competition Strategies of Metritic and Healthy Transition Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Borbala Foris ◽  
Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk ◽  
Daniel M. Weary
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Agonistic Behavior ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Social Competition ◽  
Transition Cows ◽  
Strategy Change

Our study aimed to characterize social competition strategies in transition cows, and determine how these varied with health status. We retrospectively followed 52 cows during 3 periods (PRE: d −6 to −1 prepartum, POST1: d 1 to 3 postpartum, POST2: d 4 to 6 postpartum). Cows diagnosed with metritis on d 6 postpartum (n = 26) were match paired with healthy cows (n = 26). Measures of agonistic behavior (i.e., replacements at the feeder) and feeding synchrony were determined by an algorithm based on electronic feed bin data, and used to calculate competition strategies via principal component analysis. We found consistent strategies, defined by two components (asynchrony and competitiveness; explaining 82% of the total variance). We observed no differences in strategies when comparing healthy and metritic cows, but metritic cows tended to change their strategies more between PRE and POST1, and between POST1 and POST2, indicating that strategies change in association with parturition and metritis. We conclude that cows show individual variation in competition strategies, and that automated measures of strategy change may help in detecting metritis.

A German version of the Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ): cultural adaptation and validation

VASA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirchberger ◽  
Finger ◽  
Müller-Bühl
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Completion Time ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
German Version ◽  
Average Completion Time ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality

Background: The Intermittent Claudication Questionnaire (ICQ) is a short questionnaire for the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). The objective of this study was to translate the ICQ into German and to investigate the psychometric properties of the German ICQ version in patients with IC. Patients and methods: The original English version was translated using a forward-backward method. The resulting German version was reviewed by the author of the original version and an experienced clinician. Finally, it was tested for clarity with 5 German patients with IC. A sample of 81 patients were administered the German ICQ. The sample consisted of 58.0 % male patients with a median age of 71 years and a median IC duration of 36 months. Test of feasibility included completeness of questionnaires, completion time, and ratings of clarity, length and relevance. Reliability was assessed through a retest in 13 patients at 14 days, and analysis of Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency. Construct validity was investigated using principal component analysis. Concurrent validity was assessed by correlating the ICQ scores with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) as well as clinical measures. Results: The ICQ was completely filled in by 73 subjects (90.1 %) with an average completion time of 6.3 minutes. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient reached 0.75. Intra-class correlation for test-retest reliability was r = 0.88. Principal component analysis resulted in a 3 factor solution. The first factor explained 51.5 of the total variation and all items had loadings of at least 0.65 on it. The ICQ was significantly associated with the SF-36 and treadmill-walking distances whereas no association was found for resting ABPI. Conclusions: The German version of the ICQ demonstrated good feasibility, satisfactory reliability and good validity. Responsiveness should be investigated in further validation studies.

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