Instrumentation for Concurrent, Dynamic Monitoring of Active Sweat Glands and Perspiration Volume

1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Kamei ◽  
Ken Naitoh ◽  
Koji Nakashima ◽  
Toshio Ohhashi ◽  
Shinya Kitagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

The thickness of cattle skin

1955 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 776 ◽  
Author(s):  
DF Dowling
Keyword(s):  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Critical Characteristics ◽  
Thick Skin ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

The mean total skin thicknesses (mm) for the breeds sampled were: Devon 8.15, Hereford 6.7, Zebu cross 6.43, Australian Illawarra Shorthorn 6.23, Friesian 6.0, Zebu 5.77, Aberdeen Angus 5.75, Shorthorn 5.69, and Jersey 5.46. The early maturing Shorthorn (Bos taurus L.) and the Zebu (Bos indicus L.) differed significantly in the depth of the papillary and reticular layers, and in the relative thickness of these skin layers. The mean thickness for the papillary layer; was 0.98 mm in the Zebu, 1.40 mm in the Zebu cross, and 1.70 mm in the Shorthorn. Thus the larger, more active sweat glands of the Zebu are more superficial. The corresponding reticular layer averaged 4.45 mm in the Zebu, 4.5 mm in the Zebu cross, and 4.08 mm in the Shorthorn. The thickness of the papillary layer relative to the total skin thickness was 18.3, 23.7, and 29.3 per cent., for the Zebu, Zebu cross, and Shorthorn respectively. The Zebu and the Jersey have relatively thin skins. Therefore a thick skin is not essential for adaptability to a hot environment. Inherent differences in the function of the follicles and the glands of the papillary layer may be critical characteristics for heat tolerance.

Palmar Digital Sweating in Women Suffering from Depression

1966 ◽  
Vol 112 (493) ◽  
pp. 1251-1255 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Bagg ◽  
T. G. Crookes
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Main Trial ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Preliminary Trial ◽  
Depressed Patients ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

This investigation began as an attempt to measure the anxiety shown by patients while awaiting electro-convulsive therapy. One measure used was an assessment of the degree of palmar digital sweating, using the plastic paint technique described by MacKinnon (1963). This is a method by which the number of active sweat glands in a given area at a given time can be counted. In a preliminary trial, the effect on sweating of waiting for E.C.T. was equivocal, but there seemed to be an increase in sweating in depressed patients as their clinical condition improved. In the main trial, therefore, the emphasis was placed on differences in sweating of depressed patients when ill and recovered, though the reading in the E.C.T. waiting-room was retained.

Enumeration of Active Sweat Glands

1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Johnson ◽  
James M. Dabbs
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

Increased density of active sweat glands in cystic fibrosis

1965 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 976-977
Author(s):  
Dorothy E. Hucbner ◽  
Charles C. Lobeck ◽  
Nona R. McSherry
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

Neural factors underlying variations in electrical resistance of apparently nonsweating skin

1962 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Thomas ◽  
Aikoh Kawahata
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Skin Resistance ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Low Resistance ◽  
Insensible Perspiration ◽  
Neural Factors ◽  
Sudomotor Activity ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

Many investigators have demonstrated that sympathetic sudomotor activity sufficient to cause visible sweating is accompanied by a decrease in electrical skin resistance (ESR). Furthermore, the reciprocal of resistance (conductance) was shown to be linearly related to the amount of perspiration and the number of visibly active sweat glands. The present study examines the relationship of ESR to sweat-gland activation under apparently nonsweating circumstances, and clarifies the significance of topographical differences in ESR observed in human studies conducted at moderate (nonsweating) temperatures; results also suggest a neural influence on insensible perspiration. Comparisons in adjacent high- and low-resistance areas were made of the sweat gland responses produced by intradermal injections of drugs that directly stimulate sweat glands. When just-threshold quantities of acetylcholine (ACh), pilocarpine, or epinephrine were used, the low-resistance areas always responded with more numerous activated glands. When both high- and low-resistance areas were injected with procaine approximately 10 min prior to ACh injection, activated sweat gland response was essentially similar in both areas. At moderate temperatures, sweat glands evidently receive sudomotor impulses at a rate that does not produce visible sweating, but does increase transcutaneous water transfer and electrolyte conductance Submitted on February 21, 1961

Sweating distribution and active sweat glands on the scalp of young males in hot-dry and hot-humid environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. 2655-2667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dahee Jung ◽  
Yung-Bin Kim ◽  
Jeong-Beom Lee ◽  
Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed ◽  
Joo-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Active Sweat Glands

Localized β-adrenergic receptor blockade does not affect sweating during exercise

2011 ◽  
Vol 300 (5) ◽  
pp. R1148-R1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Buono ◽  
Brian Tabor ◽  
Ailish White
Keyword(s):  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Sweat Glands ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Adrenergic Antagonist ◽  
Sweat Production ◽  
Active Sweat Glands ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Blockade

The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of a locally administered nonselective β-adrenergic antagonist on sweat gland function during exercise. Systemically administered propranolol has been reported to increase, decrease, or not alter sweat production during exercise. To eliminate the confounding systemic effects associated with orally administered propranolol, we used iontophoresis to deliver it to the eccrine sweat glands within a localized area on one forearm prior to exercise. This allowed for determination of the direct effect of β-adrenergic receptor blockade on sweating during exercise. Subjects ( n = 14) reported to the laboratory (23 ± 1°C, 35 ± 3% relative humidity) after having refrained from exercise for ≥12 h. Propranolol (1% solution) was administered to a 5-cm2 area of the flexor surface of one forearm via iontophoresis (1.5 mA) for 5 min. A saline solution was administered to the opposing arm via iontophoresis. Each subject then exercised on a motor-driven treadmill at 75% of their age-predicted maximal heart rate for 20 min, while sweat rate was measured simultaneously in both forearms. Immediately after cessation of exercise, the number of active sweat glands was measured by application of iodine-impregnated paper to each forearm. The sweat rate for the control and propranolol-treated forearm was 0.62 ± 41 and 0.60 ± 0.44 (SD) mg·cm−2·min−1, respectively ( P = 0.86). The density of active sweat glands for the control and propranolol-treated forearm was 130 ± 6 and 134 ± 5 (SD) glands/cm2, respectively, ( P = 0.33). End-exercise skin temperature was 32.9 ± 0.2 and 33.1 ± 0.3°C for the control and propranolol-treated forearm, respectively ( P = 0.51). Results of the current study show that when propranolol is administered locally, thus eliminating the potential confounding systemic effects of the drug, it does not directly affect sweating during the initial stages of high-intensity exercise in young, healthy subjects.

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