scholarly journals Uncertainty requirements of the European Union’s Industrial Emissions Directive for monitoring sulfur dioxide emissions: Implications from a blind comparison of sulfate measurements by accredited laboratories

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1070-1078
Author(s):  
Marc D. Coleman ◽  
Matthew Ellison ◽  
Rod A. Robinson ◽  
Tom D. Gardiner ◽  
Thomas O. M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Industrial Emissions Directive ◽  
Accredited Laboratories ◽  
Blind Comparison

scholarly journals Syngas Quality as a Key Factor in the Design of an Energy-Efficient Pyrolysis Plant for Scrap Tyres

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Czajczyńska ◽  
Renata Krzyżyńska ◽  
Hussam Jouhara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Industrial Emissions Directive ◽  
Pyrolytic Oil ◽  
Quality Of Products

In 2016 4.94 million tonnes of tyres were produced. Each tyre eventually become waste and pyrolysis has been considered an effective way of utilizing scrap tyres for several decades. However, pyrolysis has failed many times because the process has a great energy demand and the quality of products is unstable or insufficient for commercial use. Usually plants are focused on the production of pyrolytic oil or char and the gaseous phase is only a by-product. In this paper the importance of composition and quality of pyrolytic gas is emphasized. The main chemical properties make this gas a valuable biofuel that may satisfy energy requirements of the whole process (except for the start-up phase). Available data from literature concerning composition and other features of the pyrolytic gas from scrap tyres obtained at temperatures up to 1000 °C are compared with experimental results. The quality of evolved gases is discussed in the context of the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED), too. Finally, an analysis of the mass balances obtained allows a decision about the business profile and profitability.

Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions from Coal

Science ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 189 (4199) ◽  
pp. 253-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Abelson
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide Emissions

scholarly journals Impacts of New EU and Czech Environmental Legislation on Heat and Electricity Prices of Combined Heat and Power Sources in the Czech Republic

10.14311/1460 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Vecka
Keyword(s):  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Environmental Legislation ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Electricity Prices ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Large Heat ◽  
Industrial Emissions Directive ◽  
The Impact

In my economic model I calculate the impact of the new EU ETS Directive, the Industrial Emissions Directive and the new air protection law on future heat and electricity prices for combined heat and power sources. I discover that there will be a significant increase in heat and electricity prices, especially because of the implementation of new so-called benchmark tools for allocating allowances. The main problem of large heat producers in this respect is loss of competitiveness on the heat market due to emerging stricter environmental legislation, which is not applied to competitors on the heat market (smaller heat sources). There is also lack of clarity about the modalities for allocating free allowances, and about the future development of the whole carbon market (the future European allowance price).

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