Injury analysis of patients according to impact patterns involved in pedestrian traffic crashes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (sup1) ◽  
pp. S153-S157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Young Lee ◽  
Hyun Youk ◽  
Jeong II Lee ◽  
Chan Young Kang ◽  
Joon Seok Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Injury Analysis

scholarly journals Spatial Factors Affecting the Frequency of Pedestrian Traffic Crashes: A Systematic Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Moradi ◽  
Hamid Soori ◽  
Amir Kavousi ◽  
Farshid Eshghabadi ◽  
Ensiyeh Jamshidi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Spatial Factors ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic

scholarly journals Factors affecting the severity of pedestrian traffic crashes

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadolah Fakhri ◽  
Ali Moradi ◽  
Pegah Ameri ◽  
Khaled Rahmni ◽  
Maryam Najafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic

scholarly journals Older Pedestrian Traffic Crashes Severity Analysis Based on an Emerging Machine Learning XGBoost

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 926
Author(s):  
Manze Guo ◽  
Zhenzhou Yuan ◽  
Bruce Janson ◽  
Yongxin Peng ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Management ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Classification Problem ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Extreme Gradient Boosting ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Pedestrian Crashes

Older pedestrians are vulnerable on the streets and at significant risk of injury or death when involved in crashes. Pedestrians’ safety is critical for roadway agencies to consider and improve, especially older pedestrians aged greater than 65 years old. To better protect the older pedestrian group, the factors that contribute to the older crashes need to be analyzed deeply. Traditional modeling approaches such as Logistic models for data analysis may lead to modeling distortions due to the independence assumptions. In this study, Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), is used to model the classification problem of three different levels of severity of older pedestrian traffic crashes from crash data in Colorado, US. Further, Shapley Additive explanations (SHAP) are implemented to interpret the XGBoost model result and analyze each feature’s importance related to the levels of older pedestrian crashes. The interpretation results show that the driver characteristic, older pedestrian characteristics, and vehicle movement are the most important factors influencing the probability of the three different severity levels. Those results investigate each severity level’s correlation factors, which can inform the department of traffic management and the department of road infrastructure to protect older pedestrians by controlling or managing some of those significant features.

scholarly journals Is Acceleration a Valid Proxy for Injury Risk in Minimal Damage Traffic Crashes? A Comparative Review of Volunteer, ADL and Real-World Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 2901
Author(s):  
Paul S. Nolet ◽  
Larry Nordhoff ◽  
Vicki L. Kristman ◽  
Arthur C. Croft ◽  
Maurice P. Zeegers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Traffic Crashes ◽  
Rear Impact ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Injury Causation ◽  
Crash Tests ◽  
Biomechanical Approach

Injury claims associated with minimal damage rear impact traffic crashes are often defended using a “biomechanical approach,” in which the occupant forces of the crash are compared to the forces of activities of daily living (ADLs), resulting in the conclusion that the risk of injury from the crash is the same as for ADLs. The purpose of the present investigation is to evaluate the scientific validity of the central operating premise of the biomechanical approach to injury causation; that occupant acceleration is a scientifically valid proxy for injury risk. Data were abstracted, pooled, and compared from three categories of published literature: (1) volunteer rear impact crash testing studies, (2) ADL studies, and (3) observational studies of real-world rear impacts. We compared the occupant accelerations of minimal or no damage (i.e., 3 to 11 kph speed change or “delta V”) rear impact crash tests to the accelerations described in 6 of the most commonly reported ADLs in the reviewed studies. As a final step, the injury risk observed in real world crashes was compared to the results of the pooled crash test and ADL analyses, controlling for delta V. The results of the analyses indicated that average peak linear and angular acceleration forces observed at the head during rear impact crash tests were typically at least several times greater than average forces observed during ADLs. In contrast, the injury risk of real-world minimal damage rear impact crashes was estimated to be at least 2000 times greater than for any ADL. The results of our analysis indicate that the principle underlying the biomechanical injury causation approach, that occupant acceleration is a proxy for injury risk, is scientifically invalid. The biomechanical approach to injury causation in minimal damage crashes invariably results in the vast underestimation of the actual risk of such crashes, and should be discontinued as it is a scientifically invalid practice.

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