scholarly journals Ontogenic development of B-lymphocyte function and tolerance susceptibility in vivo and in an in vitro organ culture system.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Teale ◽  
T E Mandel
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
B Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Ontogenic Development ◽  
In Vitro Organ Culture

The maturation of B-lymphocyte function during fetal development was studied in vivo and in an in vitro organ culture system. The results indicated that the progenitors for 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)-specific B cells are present as early as 14 d of gestation in liver and possibly as early as 15 d in spleen. In addition, it was found that the organ culture system supports the development of B lymphocytes as measured by an increase in both the percentage of surface immunoglobulin-positive cells and the frequency of clonable DNP-specific B cells after culturing. The majority of anti-DNP-secreting clones resulting from the antigenic stimulation of fetal B cells produced only the IgM isotype, and the ability to secrete the IgG isotypes increased as a function of gestational age. Because fetal DNP precursors from spleens and livers that had been incubated in organ culture resulted in a greater proportion of clones secreting IgG compared with age-matched uncultured controls, it was concluded that the maturation with regard to the ability to secrete IgG can occur in vitro. In studies relating to the ontogenetic development of tolerance susceptibility, it was found that up to one-half of the DNP-specific B-cell precursors from livers and spleens less than 18 or 19 d of gestation were resistant to tolerogen treatment for 24 h as if in a pretolerant phase. However, if tolerogen were present for 3--5 d during organ culture there was near total elimination of potential DNP clones. This finding suggested that the 24-h induction period was insufficient for affecting the DNP-specific precursors in livers and spleens from the earlier gestational ages, and that a proportion of precursors could subsequently form DNP clones in the splenic focus assay after the removal of tolerogen.

In vivo and in vitro Study of the Effects of Vitamin A Deficiency on Rat Third Molar Development

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 1445-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Harris ◽  
J.M. Navia
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Vitamin A Status

We have examined the effect of in vivo vitamin A status on subsequent rat third molar formation and mineralization in an in vitro organ culture system. Vitamin A deficiency imposed during an eight-day in vitro period caused effects very similar to those of vitamin A deficiency imposed on rats in vivo. Analysis of the data also demonstrates that retinoic acid is capable of reversing the interference in mineralization of third molars induced by vitamin A deficiency in the organ culture system.

Growth hormone and somatostatin directly inhibit gastric ghrelin secretion. An in vitro organ culture system

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (9) ◽  
pp. RC22-RC25 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Seoane ◽  
O. Al-Massadi ◽  
F. Barreiro ◽  
C. Dieguez ◽  
F.F Casanueva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
In Vitro Organ Culture ◽  
Ghrelin Secretion

Development of Sensory Structures in Organ Cultures of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Gestation Day Mouse Embryo Inner Ears

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Sensory Structures

Twelfth and thirteenth gestation day mouse embryo otocysts have been explanted into an organ culture system that promotes advances in morphogenesis and differentiation of sensory structures. The pattern of morphogenesis that occurs “in vitro” is not equivalent to that which occurs in the “in vivo” environment. These morphogenetic changes occur with greatest frequency in the explanted thirteenth gestation day otocyst. The development of sensory structures occurs with equal distribution in the twelfth and thirteenth gestation day explanted otocysts. The thirteenth gestation day mouse otocyst favors the development of organ of Corti type formations, and the twelfth gestation day otocyst favors the development of maculae of sensory cells of a vestibular character in the organ culture system employed. The thirteenth gestation day otocyst requires a shorter period of “in vitro” development to produce differentiation of sensory structures. The sensory structures that develop “in vitro” follow the pattern of the sensory structures that develop “in vivo.”

Development of Sensory Structures in Organ Cultures of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Gestation Day Mouse Embryo Inner Ears

1973 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Van De Water ◽  
P. Heywood ◽  
Robert J. Ruben
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Organ Of Corti ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Sensory Structures

Twelfth and thirteenth gestation day mouse embryo otocysts have been explanted into an organ culture system that promotes advances in morphogenesis and differentiation of sensory structures. The pattern of morphogenesis that occurs “in vitro” is not equivalent to that which occurs in the “in vivo” environment. These morphogenetic changes occur with greatest frequency in the explanted thirteenth gestation day otocyst. The development of sensory structures occurs with equal distribution in the twelfth and thirteenth gestation day explanted otocysts. The thirteenth gestation day mouse otocyst favors the development of organ of Corti type formations, and the twelfth gestation day otocyst favors the development of maculae of sensory cells of a vestibular character in the organ culture system employed. The thirteenth gestation day otocyst requires a shorter period of “in vitro” development to produce differentiation of sensory structures. The sensory structures that develop “in vitro” follow the pattern of the sensory structures that develop “in vivo.”

Effect of culture in vitro and organ culture on the dry mass of preimplantation mouse embryos

1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Turner ◽  
AW Rogers ◽  
EA Lenton
Keyword(s):  
Organ Culture ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Organ Culture System ◽  
Preimplantation Mouse

The dry mass of mouse embryos cultured in vitro in medium alone or in an organ culture system were measured by means of the Vickers M86 scanning microinterferometer. The data were compared with previous data on the dry mass of preimplantation embryos in vivo. The metabolism of embryos cultured in vitro differs from that of fresh embryos. In cultured embryos, dry mass decreases throughout the 2-cell stage whereas the dry mass is increasing at this stage in vivo. Embryos in an organ culture system regain a dry mass profile, similar to that observed in vivo at the late cleavage stage. These results support the view that conditions for embryo metabolism are suboptimal in vitro and that, although the oviduct may confer some advantage on developing embryos in vitro, it is unable fully to support the pattern of metabolism, as assessed by dry mass, observed in vivo.

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