scholarly journals STUDIES ON EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Goldblatt ◽  
Harry Weinstein ◽  
Joseph R. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Main Renal Artery ◽  
Significant Impairment ◽  
Temporary Occlusion ◽  
Renal Origin ◽  
Renal Excretory Function

By means of a silver chain attached to a silver ring around the main renal artery, intermittent renal arterial occlusion, up to 30 minutes daily, was practiced for as long as 5 months in unilaterally nephrectomized dogs. This did not result in the development of persistently elevated blood pressure. Persistent moderate constriction of the renal artery of such animals by a silver clamp, after intermittent temporary occlusion had failed to affect the blood pressure, produced the usual rise of blood pressure, without accompanying significant impairment of renal excretory function. When the renal artery accidentally became persistently constricted to a great degree, or actually occluded, or if occlusion was deliberately produced by continuous pulling of the chain, hypertension and renal insufficiency (the malignant phase) quickly developed. The results do not lend support to the view that brief daily periods of renal ischemia from intrarenal vasospasm, or from any other cause, can produce persistent hypertension of renal origin.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION

1943 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Goldblatt ◽  
Joseph R. Kahn ◽  
Harvey A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Humoral Mechanism ◽  
Main Renal Artery ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension ◽  
The One

Persistent hypertension has been produced in the goat and sheep by constriction of the main renal arteries. The presence or absence of accompanying uremia depends upon the degree of constriction of the renal arteries. In both sheep and goat, constriction of one main renal artery also caused elevation of the blood pressure which tended to persist longer than in the dog. Excision of the one kidney with main renal artery constricted resulted in a prompt (24 hours) return of the blood pressure to normal. In the animals with hypertension of long duration but without renal excretory insufficiency, (the "benign" phase) no significant arterio- or arteriolosclerosis developed as a result of the hypertension alone. In the animals that had both hypertension and renal excretory insufficiency, (the "malignant" phase) the typical terminal arteriolar lesions developed in many organs. These lesions consisted of necrosis and fibrinoid degeneration of arterioles and necrotizing arteriolitis which should not be confused with arteriolosclerosis. The same humoral mechanism which is responsible for experimental renal hypertension in the dog and other animals also obtains in the pathogenesis of experimental renal hypertension in the sheep and goat.

Renal–adrenal interrelationships in experimental hypertension

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ostrovsky ◽  
F. R. Papsin ◽  
A. G. Gornall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
High Salt Intake

For several weeks after partial constriction of one renal artery, the fate of this "clipped" kidney seems to exert a determining influence on blood pressure. Rats that remained hypertensive throughout the experiment almost invariably had clipped kidneys averaging 0.16 to 0.22% of body weight. Below 0.1%, this kidney was usually quite atrophic, and its presence was consistent with falling or normal blood pressure. The untouched kidney in such rats was, on the average, heavier in the hypertensive than in the normotensive animals. Since the latter also had less renal tissue on the clipped side, it appears that factors leading to high blood pressure stimulated hypertrophy beyond the level provoked by renoprival factors. In rats on a high salt intake, 5 μg/day of D-aldosterone for 3 months stimulated significant true renal hypertrophy in the absence of a rise in blood pressure. Such hypertrophy was more pronounced in similar rats that had been getting 250 μg DOCA/day for 3 months but were also normotensive. Rats that developed hypertension on this latter regimen had still heavier kidneys. Renal hypertrophy appears to be a prehypertensive phenomenon which persists and can become even more pronounced in hypertension. The highest levels of renal hypertrophy were usually associated with significant adrenal hypertrophy. Endocrine functions may be involved in renal hypertrophy. This concept is discussed in relation to a phospholipid "renin inhibitor" recently isolated from dog and hog kidneys.

Renin content and excretory function of the kidney in rats with experimental hypertension

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Brunner ◽  
P. A. Desaulles ◽  
D. Regoli ◽  
F. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Contralateral Kidney ◽  
Ligation Of The Ureter ◽  
Renin Content

To determine relationship between kidney renin content and excretory function, rats with renal hypertension induced by unilateral clamping of the renal artery were given an oral load of 3 ml of 0.9% saline/100 g body wt. Excretion of the saline load was accelerated in rats with renal hypertension as well as in animals with hypertension due to overdosage with cortexone and salt, provided that the loading experiment was made 3–4 weeks after hypertension was established, but not when animals had been hypertensive for 11–14 weeks. Renin concentration was markedly reduced in the unclamped kidney and also in the kidney of the rats overdosed with cortexone and salt. Excreting capacity of the clamped kidney was compared with that of the unclamped kidney, after removal or after functional elimination of the contralateral kidney, by ligation of the ureter, 3, 24, and 48 hr after the operation. In all experiments excretion of saline load by the unclamped kidney was more rapid than by the clamped kidney, but the highest values were reached in the presence of a functional clamped kidney. Only in rats with elevated blood pressure was the load more rapidly excreted than in normal rats, but hypertension alone cannot be the only factor responsible, the excretion not being accelerated in unilaterally nephrectomized hypertensive rats. Although these hint at a connection between the renin concentration and renal function the nature of this relationship remains uncertain.

scholarly journals Severe Spasm of the Renal Artery after Blunt Abdominal Trauma Simulating End-Organ Infarction

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adem Ucar ◽  
Aghakishi Yahyayev ◽  
Ayaz Agayev ◽  
Fatih Yanar ◽  
Selim Bakan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Endovascular Intervention ◽  
Surgical Revascularization ◽  
Injury Management ◽  
Main Renal Artery ◽  
Serious Injury

Traumatic occlusion of the renal artery is a serious injury. Management differs according to the grade of injury. In most circumstances, emergency surgical revascularization or endovascular intervention is required. We describe the case of a child with multiorgan injuries and spasm of the main renal artery after blunt trauma simulating arterial occlusion or end-organ infarction.

Experimental hypertension in pregnant sheep

1960 ◽  
Vol 199 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis W. Holm ◽  
Yale J. Katz ◽  
Harold R. Parker ◽  
Leon C. Chesley ◽  
Nicholas S. Assali
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Renal Ischemia ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Human Hypertension ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Renal Artery Constriction

Sheep with spontaneously occurring or experimentally induced toxemia of pregnancy do not develop hypertension despite the presence of a marked renal ischemia. The present study was undertaken in order to investigate whether pregnant sheep, like pregnant dogs and rats, do not exhibit hypertension when subjected to renal artery constriction. Bilateral constriction of the renal arteries was performed on pregnant ewes by a modified Goldblatt-Wakerlin technique, after control blood pressure had been recorded for several days. Blood pressure and BUN were measured throughout pregnancy and following delivery. All the animals which had renal artery constriction developed severe hypertension with retinal changes similar to those of human hypertension. The pregnancy did not affect the course of the hypertension nor did the hypertension alter the course of pregnancy.

scholarly journals Main Renal Artery Plus Branch Ablation in the Treatment of Resistant Hypertension with Renal Denervation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong-Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Resistant Hypertension ◽  
Average Energy ◽  
Office Blood Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Main Renal Artery ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Objective: To study the safety and efficacy of denervation of renal artery branches in the treatment of resistant hypertension.Methods: Sixty patients with resistant hypertension were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned to the mainrenal artery plus branch ablation group or the main renal artery ablation group. The clinical data and operation-relatedparameters, including number of ablation points, temperature, and average energy, were recorded. Ambulatory bloodpressure were taken for all patients at the baseline and at 6 months after treatment. Office blood pressure was recordedbefore treatment and after treatment every 3 months for 2 years.Results: Sixty patients with resistant hypertension were enrolled in this study. There were 30 patients in each group.Angiography was performed after ablation. No renal artery complications, such as stenosis and dissection, occurredin the two groups. There was no significant difference in age, sex, BMI, comorbid disease, and medication betweenthe two groups (P > 0.05). The number of ablation points for the main renal artery plus branch ablation group wasgreater than that for the main renal artery ablation group. The office blood pressure and 24-hour blood pressure weresignificantly lower 6 months after treatment than before treatment in both groups (P < 0.05). Office blood pressure inthe main renal artery plus branch ablation group was lower than that in the main renal artery ablation group during the3–12-month follow-up period, with a statistical difference. However, as the follow-up time increased, the differencedisappeared.Conclusion: The results of this study show that main renal artery plus branch ablation is a safe interventional method,but there was no obvious advantage on long-term follow-up compared with only main renal artery ablation.

EFFECTS OF A NEUTRAL ENDOPROTEASE ENZYME INHIBITOR, THIORPHAN, ON HEMODYNAMICS AND RENAL EXCRETORY FUNCTION IN FOUR MODELS OF EXPERIMENTAL HYPERTENSION

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motilal B. Pamnani ◽  
Shanwan Chen ◽  
Howard J. Bryant ◽  
James F. Schooley ◽  
Francis J. Haddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Excretory Function ◽  
Renal Excretory Function

Exchangeable Sodium in Experimental Hypertension in Rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 133s-135s
Author(s):  
A. E. Doyle ◽  
S. Duffy ◽  
G. J. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Artery ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Left Renal Artery ◽  
Experimental Hypertension ◽  
Exchangeable Sodium ◽  
Before And After

1. Total exchangeable sodium was measured in rats by a radio-sodium equilibration method, before and after the production of hypertension by clipping the left renal artery, with or without contralateral nephrectomy. 2. Clipping of one renal artery with removal of the other kidney produced severe hypertension with no significant changes in exchangeable sodium or plasma renin levels. 3. Clipping of one renal artery without contralateral nephrectomy produced severe hypertension in some animals, but little change in blood pressure in others. The animals which developed severe hypertension had a marked increase in exchangeable sodium with a concomitant rise in plasma renin; the animals with smaller rises in blood pressure did not have these changes. 4. The fact that both plasma renin levels and exchangeable sodium levels increase according to this method, suggests that hypertension in the two-kidney model is renin-dependent.

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