We discuss some new aspects of charm production trigerred by recent observations of the LHCb collaboration. The LHCb collaboration measured small asymmetries in production of D+D−mesons as well as
$ D_s^ + D_s^ - $
mesons. Is this related to initial quark/antiquark asymmetries in the proton ? Here we discuss a scenario in which unfavored fragmentations
$ q/\bar {q} \to D $
and
$ s/\bar {s} \to D_s $
are responsible for the asymmetries. We fix the strength of such fragmentations – transition probabilities, by adjusting to the size of the LHCb asymmetries. This has consequences for production of D mesons in forward directions (large xF ) as well as at low energies. Large asymmetries are predicted then in these regions. We present here some of our predictions. Consequences for high-energy neutrino production in the atmosphere are discussed and quantified. The production of Λc baryon at the LHC is disussed. Large deviations from the independent-parton fragmentation picture are found.
High-energy neutrino emission from x-ray binaries