Evolutionary Allometry in the Skeleton of the Domesticated Dog

1940 ◽  
Vol 74 (754) ◽  
pp. 439-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyman Lumer
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Allometry

ONTOGENETIC AND EVOLUTIONARY ALLOMETRY

Evolution ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludwig von Bertalanffy ◽  
W. J. Pirozynski
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Allometry

scholarly journals Developmental and Evolutionary Allometry of the Mammalian Limb Skeleton

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 1356-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly L Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Biological Organization ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Cartilage Growth ◽  
Putative Gene ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Leg Bones ◽  
Development And Evolution ◽  
Cartilage Growth Plate

Abstract The variety of limb skeletal proportions enables a remarkable diversity of behaviors that include powered flight in bats and flipper-propelled swimming in whales using extremes of a range of homologous limb architectures. Even within human limbs, bone lengths span more than an order of magnitude from the short finger and toe bones to the long arm and leg bones. Yet all of this diversity arises from embryonic skeletal elements that are each a very similar size at formation. In this review article, I survey what is and is not yet known of the development and evolution of skeletal proportion at multiple hierarchical levels of biological organization. These include the cellular parameters of skeletal elongation in the cartilage growth plate, genes associated with differential growth, and putative gene regulatory mechanisms that would allow both covariant and independent evolution of the forelimbs and hindlimbs and of individual limb segments. Although the genetic mechanisms that shape skeletal proportion are still largely unknown, and most of what is known is limited to mammals, it is becoming increasingly apparent that the diversity of bone lengths is an emergent property of a complex system that controls elongation of individual skeletal elements using a genetic toolkit shared by all.

Static and evolutionary allometry in the Italian endemic ant species Cataglyphis italica (Emery 1906)

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Centorame ◽  
Davide Angelino ◽  
Roberto Bonanni ◽  
Alberto Fanfani
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Allometry

Static, Ontogenetic, and Evolutionary Allometry: A Multivariate Comparison in Nine Species of Water Striders

1992 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Peter Klingenberg ◽  
Manfred Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Water Striders ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry

scholarly journals Walk the line: 600000 years of molar evolution constrained by allometry in the fossil rodent Mimomys savini

2014 ◽  
Vol 369 (1649) ◽  
pp. 20140057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril Firmat ◽  
Iván Lozano-Fernández ◽  
Jordi Agustí ◽  
Geir H. Bolstad ◽  
Gloria Cuenca-Bescós ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Rodent Species ◽  
Evolutionary Divergence ◽  
Allometric Relationships ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry ◽  
Dental Measurements ◽  
Lower Molar

The allometric-constraint hypothesis states that evolutionary divergence of morphological traits is restricted by integrated growth regulation. In this study, we test this hypothesis on a time-calibrated and well-documented palaeontological sequence of dental measurements on the Pleistocene arvicoline rodent species Mimomys savini from the Iberian Peninsula. Based on 507 specimens representing nine populations regularly spaced over 600 000 years, we compare static (within-population) and evolutionary (among-population) allometric slopes between the width and the length of the first lower molar. We find that the static allometric slope remains evolutionary stable and predicts the evolutionary allometry quite well. These results support the hypothesis that the macroevolutionary divergence of molar traits is constrained by static allometric relationships.

scholarly journals STATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY ALLOMETRY OF OSTEOMETRIC TRAITS IN SELECTED LINES OF RATS

Evolution ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Leamy ◽  
William Atchley
Keyword(s):  
Selected Lines ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry

scholarly journals 3D revelation of phenotypic variation, evolutionary allometry, and ancestral states of corolla shape: a case study of clade Corytholoma (subtribe Ligeriinae, family Gesneriaceae)

GigaScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Chun Hsu ◽  
Wen-Chieh Chou ◽  
Yan-Fu Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Shape Variation ◽  
Micro Computed Tomography ◽  
3D Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry ◽  
Ancestral States ◽  
3D Landmarks

Abstract Background Quantification of corolla shape variations helps biologists to investigate plant diversity and evolution. 3D images capture the genuine structure and provide comprehensive spatial information. Results This study applied X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) to acquire 3D structures of the corollas of clade Corytholoma and extracted a set of 415 3D landmarks from each specimen. By applying the geometric morphometrics (GM) to the landmarks, the first 4 principal components (PCs) in the 3D shape and 3D form analyses, respectively, accounted for 87.86% and 96.34% of the total variance. The centroid sizes of the corollas only accounted for 5.46% of the corolla shape variation, suggesting that the evolutionary allometry was weak. The 4 morphological traits corresponding to the 4 shape PCs were defined as tube curvature, lobe area, tube dilation, and lobe recurvation. Tube curvature and tube dilation were strongly associated with the pollination type and contained phylogenetic signals in clade Corytholoma. The landmarks were further used to reconstruct corolla shapes at the ancestral states. Conclusions With the integration of µCT imaging into GM, the proposed approach boosted the precision in quantifying corolla traits and improved the understanding of the morphological traits corresponding to the pollination type, impact of size on shape variation, and evolution of corolla shape in clade Corytholoma.

Digest: Ontogenesis and evolutionary allometry shape divergent evolution of genitalia in female cetaceans*

Evolution ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Yu Wang ◽  
Wen Bo Liao
Keyword(s):  
Divergent Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry

scholarly journals A highly conserved ontogenetic limb allometry and its evolutionary significance in the adaptive radiation of Anolis lizards

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1953) ◽  
pp. 20210226
Author(s):  
Nathalie Feiner ◽  
Illiam S. C. Jackson ◽  
Eliane Van der Cruyssen ◽  
Tobias Uller
Keyword(s):  
Limb Development ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Evolutionary Significance ◽  
Growth Trajectories ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Limb Bones ◽  
Evolutionary Allometry ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories ◽  
Ontogenetic Allometry

Diversifications often proceed along highly conserved, evolutionary trajectories. These patterns of covariation arise in ontogeny, which raises the possibility that adaptive morphologies are biased towards trait covariations that resemble growth trajectories. Here, we test this prediction in the diverse clade of Anolis lizards by investigating the covariation of embryonic growth of 13 fore- and hindlimb bones in 15 species, and compare these to the evolutionary covariation of these limb bones across 267 Anolis species. Our results demonstrate that species differences in relative limb length are established already at hatching, and are resulting from both differential growth and differential sizes of cartilaginous anlagen. Multivariate analysis revealed that Antillean Anolis share a common ontogenetic allometry that is characterized by positive allometric growth of the long bones relative to metapodial and phalangeal bones. This major axis of ontogenetic allometry in limb bones deviated from the major axis of evolutionary allometry of the Antillean Anolis and the two clades of mainland Anolis lizards. These results demonstrate that the remarkable diversification of locomotor specialists in Anolis lizards are accessible through changes that are largely independent from ontogenetic growth trajectories, and therefore likely to be the result of modifications that manifest at the earliest stages of limb development.

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