Selection for Optimal Fruit-Crop Size in Bird-Dispersed Plants

1987 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Greg Murray
Keyword(s):  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

Effects of Fruit Crop Size on Intensity of Fruit Removal in Viburnum prunifolium (Caprifoliaceae)

Oikos ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Laska ◽  
Edmund W. Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

scholarly journals Bird fruit consumption results from the interaction between fruit-handling behaviour and fruit crop size

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.X. Palacio ◽  
M. Valoy ◽  
F. Bernacki ◽  
M.S. Sánchez ◽  
M.G. Núñez-Montellano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Consumption ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

scholarly journals The Strength and Drivers of Bird-Mediated Selection on Fruit Crop Size: A Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Facundo X. Palacio ◽  
Mariano Ordano
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

scholarly journals Crop damage of Eriotheca gracilipes (Bombacaceae) by the Blue-Fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva, Psittacidae), in the Brazilian Cerrado

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Ragusa-Netto
Keyword(s):  
Seed Predation ◽  
Interspecific Interactions ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Crop Loss ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Seed Survival ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

Seed predation has major effects on the reproductive success of individuals, spatial patterns of populations, genetic variability, interspecific interactions and ultimately in the diversity of tree communities. At a Brazilian savanna, I evaluated the proportional crop loss of Eriotheca gracilipes due the Blue-Fronted Amazon (Amazona aestiva) during a fruiting period. Also, I analyzed the relationship between proportional crop loss to Amazons and both fruit crop size and the distance from the nearest damaged conspecific. Trees produced from 1 to 109 fruits, so that Amazons foraged more often on trees bearing larger fruit crop size, while seldom visited less productive trees. Moreover, the relationship between fruit crop sizes and the number of depredated fruits was significant. However, when only damaged trees were assessed, I found a negative and significant relation between fruit crop size and proportional crop loss to Blue-Fronted Amazons. Taking into account this as a measure more directly related to the probability of seed survival, a negative density dependent effect emerged. Also, Amazons similarly damaged the fruit crops of either close or distant neighboring damaged trees. Hence, in spite of Blue-Fronted Amazons searched for E. gracilipes bearing large fruit crops, they were swamped due to the presence of more fruits than they could eat. Moderate seed predation by Blue-Fronted Amazons either at trees with large fruit crops or in areas where fruiting trees were aggregated implies in an enhanced probability of E. gracilipes seed survival and consequent regeneration success.

The effect of spatio-temporal variation in understanding the fruit crop size hypothesis

Oikos ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Ortiz-Pulido ◽  
Victor Rico-Gray
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

Forest cover and fruit crop size differentially influence frugivory of select rainforest tree species in Western Ghats, India

Biotropica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 871-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Gopal ◽  
Divya Mudappa ◽  
T. R. Shankar Raman ◽  
Rohit Naniwadekar
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

scholarly journals Focal Plant and Neighbourhood Fruit Crop Size Effects on Fruit Removal by Frugivores in a Semi-Arid Landscape Invaded by Lantana camara L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geetha Ramaswami ◽  
Brihadeesh Santharam ◽  
Suhel Quader
Keyword(s):  
Size Effects ◽  
Lantana Camara ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Fruit Crop Size

The relationship between crop size and fruit removal and its implication for the evolution of dioecy

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1784-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Relative Fitness ◽  
Female Fitness ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Crop Size ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Evolution Of Dioecy ◽  
The Relationship

The number of fruits removed by birds from individual Ilex opaca (Aquifoliaceae) was found to increase as a function of crop size in both 1986 and 1987. The proportion of the fruit crop removed, however, was not significantly affected by crop size in either year. In 1986 the increase in relative female fitness as a function of crop size rapidly became asymptotic. In 1987 relative female fitness increased more linearly over the range of fruit crop sizes. Differences between years were attributed to differences in disperser abundance. The change in relative fitness with increasing crop size was not sufficient to explain the evolutionary stability of dioecy under conditions such as those in 1986 (i.e., asymptotic fitness gains). Under conditions of more proportional increases in relative fitness (as seen in 1987), circumstances became more favorable for the stability of dioecy, though still not sufficient. This and other empirical studies of the response of avian dispersers to variation in fruit crop size suggest that selection for increased crop size is not likely, by itself, to be strong enough to allow dioecy to exist in a stable state. I suggest that the combined effects of sexual selection (especially through male–male competition) and inbreeding depression will be more important than the effect of differential dispersal success for the evolution and maintenance of dioecy in plants. Key words: dioecy, dispersal, frugivore, holly, Ilex.

Framework for Selecting Vocabulary for Preliterate Children Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1000-1009
Author(s):  
Allison Bean ◽  
Lindsey Paden Cargill ◽  
Samantha Lyle
Keyword(s):  
Language Impairment ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Developmentally Appropriate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
School Based ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Nonverbal Children ◽  
Grammatical Structures ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Purpose Nearly 50% of school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs) provide services to school-age children who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). However, many SLPs report having insufficient knowledge in the area of AAC implementation. The objective of this tutorial is to provide clinicians with a framework for supporting 1 area of AAC implementation: vocabulary selection for preliterate children who use AAC. Method This tutorial focuses on 4 variables that clinicians should consider when selecting vocabulary: (a) contexts/environments where the vocabulary can be used, (b) time span during which the vocabulary will be relevant, (c) whether the vocabulary can elicit and maintain interactions with other people, and (d) whether the vocabulary will facilitate developmentally appropriate grammatical structures. This tutorial focuses on the role that these variables play in language development in verbal children with typical development, verbal children with language impairment, and nonverbal children who use AAC. Results Use of the 4 variables highlighted above may help practicing SLPs select vocabulary that will best facilitate language acquisition in preliterate children who use AAC.

Teaching Partners to Support Communication for Adults with Acquired Communication Impairment

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J. Ball ◽  
Joanne Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Communicative Competence ◽  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Communication Impairment ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Communication Partners ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
End Of Life Communication ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

Abstract For adults with acquired communication impairment, particularly those who have communication disorders associated with stroke or neurodegenerative disease, communication partners play an important role in establishing and maintaining communicative competence. In this paper, we assemble some evidence on this topic and integrate it with current preferred practice patterns (American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 2004). Our goals are to help speech-language pathologists (SLPs) identify and describe partner-based communication strategies for adults with acquired impairment, implement evidence-based approaches for teaching strategies to communication partners, and employ a Personnel Framework (Binger et al., 2012) to clarify partners? roles in acquiring and supporting communication tools for individuals with acquired impairments. We offer specific guidance about AAC techniques and message selection for communication partners involved with chronic, degenerative, and end of life communication. We discuss research and provide examples of communication partner supports for person(s) with aphasia and person(s) with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who have complex communication needs.

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