scholarly journals Pilot Study of Postexposure Prophylaxis for Hepatitis C Virus in Healthcare Workers

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1000-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen E. Corey ◽  
Julie C. Servoss ◽  
Deborah R. Casson ◽  
Arthur Y. Kim ◽  
Gregory K. Robbins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Untreated Group ◽  
Postexposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
Peginterferon Alfa

Background and Objective.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission occurs in 0.2%-10% of people after accidental needlestick exposures. However, postexposure prophylaxis is not currently recommended. We sought to determine the safety, tolerability, and acceptance of postexposure prophylaxis with peginterferon alfa-2b in healthcare workers (HCWs) exposed to blood from HCV-infected patients.Design.Open-label pilot trial of peginterferon alfa-2b for HCV postexposure prophylaxis.Setting.TWO academic tertiary-referral centers.Methods.HCWs exposed to blood from HCV-infected patients were informed of the availability of postexposure prophylaxis. Persons who elected postexposure prophylaxis were given weekly doses of peginterferon alfa-2b for 4 weeks.Results.Among 2,702 HCWs identified with potential exposures to bloodborne pathogens, 213 (7.9%) were exposed to an HCV antibody-positive source. Of 51 HCWs who enrolled in the study, 44 (86%) elected to undergo postexposure prophylaxis (treated group). Seven subjects elected not to undergo postexposure prophylaxis (untreated group). No cases of HCV transmission were observed in either the treated or untreated group, and no cases occurred in the remaining 162 HCWs who did not enroll in this study. No serious adverse events related to a peginterferon alfa-2b regimen were recorded, but minor adverse events were frequent.Conclusion.In this pilot study, there was a lower than expected frequency of HCV transmission after accidental occupational exposure. Although peginterferon alfa-2b was safe, because of the lack of HCV transmission in either the treated or untreated groups there is little evidence to support routine postexposure prophylaxis against HCV in HCWs.

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Danoprevir-Ritonavir plus Peginterferon Alfa-2a–Ribavirin in Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 Prior Null Responders

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 1136-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Gane ◽  
Régine Rouzier ◽  
Alicja Wiercinska-Drapalo ◽  
Dominique G. Larrey ◽  
Peter N. Morcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Sustained Virologic Response ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Genotype 1 ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Peginterferon Alfa

ABSTRACTDanoprevir (DNV) is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) protease inhibitor that achieves high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a–ribavirin in treatment-naive HCV genotype 1 (G1)-infected patients. This study explored the efficacy and safety of ritonavir-boosted DNV (DNVr) plus peginterferon alfa-2a–ribavirin in G1-infected prior peginterferon-ribavirin null responders. Null responders (<2-log10reduction in HCV RNA level at week 12) were given an open-label combination of 100 mg of ritonavir and 100 mg of DNV (100/100 mg DNVr) every 12 h (q12h) plus peginterferon alfa-2a–ribavirin for 12 weeks. All patients achieving an early virologic response (EVR; ≥2-log10decrease in HCV RNA by week 12) continued treatment with peginterferon alfa-2a–ribavirin; those without an EVR discontinued all study drugs. Twenty-four prior null responders were enrolled; 16 patients (67%) were infected with HCV G1b, and 8 (33%) were infected with G1a. Ninety-six percent of patients had anIL28Bnon-CC genotype. A sustained virologic response at 24 weeks posttreatment (SVR24) was achieved in 67% of patients, with a higher rate in G1b-infected (88%) than G1a-infected (25%) patients. Resistance-related breakthrough occurred in 4/8 G1a and 1/16 G1b patients through the DNV resistance-associated variant (RAV) NS3 R155K. NS3 R155K was also detected in 2/2 G1a patients who relapsed. Treatment was well tolerated. Two patients withdrew prematurely from study medications due to adverse events. Two serious adverse events were reported; both occurred after completion of DNVr therapy and were considered unrelated to treatment. No grade 3 or 4 alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations were observed. DNVr plus peginterferon alfa-2a–ribavirin demonstrated high SVR24 rates in HCV G1b-infected prior null responders and was well tolerated. (This study has been registered atClinicalTrials.govunder registration no. NCT01185860.)

scholarly journals Microelimination of hepatitis C in patients with chronic hemolytic anemias: a single-center experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa M. Hashem ◽  
Manal Hamdy El-Sayed ◽  
Ossama A. Ahmed ◽  
Hany M. Dabbous ◽  
Mohamed Kamal Shaker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Special Population ◽  
Hepatic Decompensation ◽  
Delivery Of Care ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Single Center Experience ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background Patients with chronic hemolytic anemias (CHA) are at a high risk for transfusion-transmitted infections. Various studies in Egypt have shown a prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in 24–37% of those patients. Elimination of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients with CHA would prevent early progression of liver disease. In this study, we aimed to assess the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of sofosbuvir (SOF) and daclatasvir (DAC) in the special population of HCV-infected patients with CHA. In this prospective study, 21 consenting hepatitis C patients were recruited and treated using ribavirin-free SOF/DAC regimen for either 12 or 24 weeks according to categorization of patients into easy or hard-to-treat in accordance with the national protocols. Sustained virological response was assessed by RT-PCR for HCV-RNA at 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12). Any treatment-related adverse events were noted. Results All patients were adherent to treatment with no discontinuation of therapy. SVR12 was achieved in 19 out of 21 patients (90.5%). There was a significant improvement in levels of ALT (p<0.009) after completion of therapy. On the other hand, the hemoglobin, total bilirubin, and ferritin levels showed a non-significant difference (p<0.501, p<0.542, and p<0.339, respectively). Moderate adverse events were observed in 2 out of 21 patients (9.5%), including sickling crisis and hepatic decompensation. Conclusion The results of this study substantiate the favorable efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ribavirin-free direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) in the special population of HCV-infected patients with CHA. Micro-elimination of HCV in special patient populations allows for pragmatic delivery of care to patients with co-morbid conditions who are in most need for treatment and allows for achievement of global elimination of HCV worldwide.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus Viremia in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C: A Pilot Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuaki Tanaka ◽  
Masanori Ikeda ◽  
Akito Nozaki ◽  
Nobuyuki Kato ◽  
Hiroyuki Tsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C

Cost-effectiveness of peginterferon alfa-2a (40kDa) plus ribavirin in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus co-infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Hornberger ◽  
Francesca J. Torriani ◽  
Douglas T. Dieterich ◽  
Norbert Bräu ◽  
Mark S. Sulkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Peginterferon Alfa

scholarly journals Peginterferon Alfa-2a plus Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 347 (13) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Fried ◽  
Mitchell L. Shiffman ◽  
K. Rajender Reddy ◽  
Coleman Smith ◽  
George Marinos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus Infection ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Peginterferon Alfa

scholarly journals Sofosbuvir Plus Daclatasvir in Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 4 Infection in a Cohort of Egyptian Patients: An Experiment the Size of Egyptian Village

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ossama Ashraf Ahmed ◽  
Eslam Safwat ◽  
Mohamed Omar Khalifa ◽  
Ahmed I. Elshafie ◽  
Mohamed Hassan Ahmed Fouad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Sustained Virologic Response ◽  
Virologic Response ◽  
World Health ◽  
Genotype 4 ◽  
Positive Results

Background and Aims. As indicated by the World Health Organization (WHO), Egypt is positioned as the country with the world’s highest prevalence of Hepatitis C virus (HCV). HCV is transmitted through unexamined blood transfusions, different employments of syringes, and poor cleansing, as per the WHO. Our study aimed at screening and management of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 infected patients in Bardeen village, Sharkeya Governorate, Egypt, with Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir, as well as estimating the safety and efficacy of that regimen. Methods. Screening of adult patients in Bardeen village was done from March 2016 till November 2016 using hepatitis C virus antibodies by third-generation ELISA testing. Positive results were confirmed by PCR. Patients eligible for treatment received Sofosbuvir 400 mg and Daclatasvir 60 mg daily for 12 weeks and were assessed for sustained virologic response at 12 weeks following the end of treatment (SVR 12). Results. Out of 2047 subjects screened for hepatitis C virus, 249 (12.2%) showed positive results. 221 out of those 249 subjects (88.7%) had detectable RNA by PCR. Treatment of eligible patients (183 patients) with Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir for 12 weeks resulted in 96% achievement of sustained virologic response at week 12. Adverse events were tolerable. Conclusion. Sofosbuvir plus Daclatasvir regimen is safe and effective for treatment of chronic hepatitis C Genotype 4 infected patients with minimal adverse events. HCV eradication program implemented in Egypt can be a model for other countries with HCV and limited resources. The availability of generic drugs in Egypt will help much in eradication of the virus.

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