Renal Responses to Blood Volume Expansion of Varying Osmotic Concentration in Two Species of Amphibian, Bufo marinus and Rana catesbeiana

1994 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley S. Hillman ◽  
Brian Schimpf
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Bufo Marinus ◽  
Osmotic Concentration ◽  
Blood Volume Expansion ◽  
Renal Responses

Renal nerves and renal responses to volume expansion in conscious monkeys

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. R388-R394 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Peterson ◽  
B. A. Benjamin ◽  
N. L. Hurst
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
Renal Excretion ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
Blood Volume Expansion ◽  
Renal Responses

Experiments were performed in conscious macaque monkeys to determine the effect of renal denervation on the diuresis and natriuresis of blood volume expansion. When the kidneys were innervated, expansion of estimated blood volume by 20% with 3% dextran in isotonic saline caused increases in urine flow (V), from 0.28 +/- 0.07 ml/min to a peak response of 1.08 +/- 0.20 ml/min, absolute sodium excretion (UNaV), from 30.0 +/- 11.2 to 99.8 +/- 11.7 mueq/min, and fractional sodium excretion (FENa+), from 1.24 +/- 0.51 to 3.19 +/- 0.56%. The animals then underwent bilateral renal denervation and were volume expanded a second time 6-13 days postdenervation. Under this condition, V increased from 0.32 +/- 0.05 to 0.64 +/- 0.08 ml/min, UNaV, from 22.2 +/- 4.6 to 46.2 +/- 8.0 mueq/min, and FENa+, from 0.91 +/- 0.26 to 1.92 +/- 0.41%, these increases being significantly less than when the kidneys were innervated. These results demonstrate that the renal nerves play an important role in the nonhuman primate in mediating increases in renal excretion during hypervolemia.

Effects of central venous blood volume shifts on arterial baroreflex control of heart rate

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (4) ◽  
pp. H571-H575 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Billman ◽  
D. T. Dickey ◽  
K. K. Teoh ◽  
H. L. Stone
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Receptor Blockade ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Beta Receptor ◽  
Blood Volume Expansion ◽  
Beta Receptor Blockade

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of anesthesia, body position, and blood volume expansion on baroreflex control of heart rate. Five male rhesus monkeys (7.0-10.5 kg) were given bolus injection of 4.0 micrograms/kg phenylephrine during each of the following situations: awake sitting, anesthetized (AN) (10 mg/kg ketamine-HCl) sitting, AN recumbent, AN 90 degrees head down tilt, and AN 50% blood volume expansion with normal saline. beta-Receptor blockade was also performed on each treatment after anesthesia. Four additional animals were similarly treated after 20% blood volume expansion. R-R interval was plotted against systolic aortic pressure, and the slope was determined by linear regression. Baroreflex slope was significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced by 90 degrees head down tilt and 50% volume expansion both before and after beta-receptor blockade. A similar trend was seen after 20% volume expansion. These data are consistent with the thesis that baroreflex control of heart rate is reduced by central blood volume shifts.

scholarly journals Gastroduodenal resistance and neural mechanisms involved in saline flow decrease elicited by acute blood volume expansion in anesthetized rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1257-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R.V. Graça ◽  
F. de-A.A. Gondim ◽  
D.I.M. Cavalcante ◽  
J. Xavier-Neto ◽  
E.L.M. Messias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Neural Mechanisms ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Blood Volume Expansion

Contribution of abdomen and legs to central blood volume expansion in humans during immersion

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Bo Johansen ◽  
Thomas Ulrik Skram Jensen ◽  
Bettina Pump ◽  
Peter Norsk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Cuff Inflation ◽  
Central Blood Volume ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Plasma Protein Concentration ◽  
Blood Volume Expansion

Johansen, Lars Bo, Thomas Ulrik Skram Jensen, Bettina Pump, and Peter Norsk. Contribution of abdomen and legs to central blood volume expansion in humans during immersion. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(3): 695–699, 1997.—The hypothesis was tested that the abdominal area constitutes an important reservoir for central blood volume expansion (CBVE) during water immersion in humans. Six men underwent 1) water immersion for 30 min (WI), 2) water immersion for 30 min with thigh cuff inflation (250 mmHg) during initial 15 min to exclude legs from contributing to CBVE (WI+Occl), and 3) a seated nonimmersed control with 15 min of thigh cuff inflation (Occl). Plasma protein concentration and hematocrit decreased from 68 ± 1 to 64 ± 1 g/l and from 46.7 ± 0.3 to 45.5 ± 0.4% ( P < 0.05), respectively, during WI but were unchanged during WI+Occl. Left atrial diameter increased from 27 ± 2 to 36 ± 1 mm ( P < 0.05) during WI and increased similarly during WI+Occl from 27 ± 2 to 35 ± 1 mm ( P < 0.05). Central venous pressure increased from −3.7 ± 1.0 to 10.4 ± 0.8 mmHg during WI ( P < 0.05) but only increased to 7.0 ± 0.8 mmHg during WI+Occl ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, the dilution of blood induced by WI to the neck is caused by fluid from the legs, whereas the CBVE is caused mainly by blood from the abdomen.

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