scholarly journals Investigation of service life characteristics of hot cathodes in arc plasmatrons

2021 ◽  
Vol 2119 (1) ◽  
pp. 012044
Author(s):  
A S Anshakov ◽  
A I Aliferov ◽  
P V Domarov
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Continuous Operation ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Thermionic Cathodes ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Geometrical Dimensions ◽  
Gas Medium

Abstract Among the applied challenges associated with the use of electric-arc plasma, the most urgent is the erosion of electrodes in plasmatrons, which determine the continuous operation of an electric-plasma device. Investigation results on the thermal state of hot cathodes and their erosion are presented depending on the main defining parameters, namely geometrical dimensions of electrodes, Joule heating, current of the arc discharge, and the gas medium. The conditions for the minimum specific erosion and long service life of tungsten thermionic cathodes are established experimentally.

scholarly journals Plasma Peculiarities of Arc Discharge Between Carbon-Copper Electrodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-155
Author(s):  
A. Veklich ◽  
S. Fesenko ◽  
V. Boretskij
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Plasma Properties ◽  
Mutual Correlation ◽  
Copper Electrodes ◽  
Arc Discharges ◽  
Discharge Gap

Composite materials on carbon-copper base have advanced electric and exploitation characteristics. They usually used as materials for sliding contacts for high-speed railway. Arc discharges appear during pantograph lowering process in pantograph-catenary system, so injection of contact material into discharge gap has place. Therefore, investigations of electric arc plasma between such composite electrodes can be useful for further optimization of materials. It would be very useful as well to examine the peculiarities of electric arc plasma and contacts’ working surface interaction. So, the aim of this work is spectroscopy investigations of electric arc discharge plasma between C-Cu composite electrodes. The mutual correlation of plasma properties and composition of contacts’ was found.

scholarly journals Thermal Plasma of Electric Arc Discharge Between Cu-Cr Composite Electrodes

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
A. Veklich ◽  
V. Boretskij ◽  
M. Kleshych ◽  
S. Fesenko ◽  
A. Murmantsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Plasma Source ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Gas Atmosphere ◽  
Electric Arc Discharge ◽  
Erosion Properties

This work deals with investigations of model plasma source realised as electric arc discharge in gas atmosphere between Cu-Cr composite electrodes. Radial distributions of temperature and electron density in arc plasma column were studied by optical emission spectroscopy. The content of electrode metals' vapours in discharge was calculated on the base of experimentally obtained plasma parameters as initial data. So, in this way the erosion properties of such composition can be determined.

Plasma parameters in atomic-emission spectral analysis of phosphate concentrates of the fission products

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
M. I. Khamdeev ◽  
E. A. Erin
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reference Materials ◽  
Fission Products ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Atomic Emission Spectral Analysis ◽  
Excitation Processes

Physical parameters of electric arc plasma as well as their time dependences are calculated when analyzing phosphate precipitates of the fission products of irradiated nuclear fuel. Phosphate concentrates of the fission products are known for their complex chemical composition and high thermal and chemical stability. Hence, direct atomic emission spectral analysis of phosphate powders without transferring them into solutions is advisable. Different conditions of sample preparation and synthesis of the reference materials determine the different chemical forms of the elements to be determined. This, in turn, affects the kinetics of their evaporation in the electrode crate and excitation processes in the plasma. The known mechanisms of those processes cannot always be transferred to specific conditions of the given method of analysis thus entailing the necessity of studying the effect of the samples chemical composition on the results of determination, proper choice of spectroscopic carriers, detailed study of spectra excitation processes in spectral analysis, and analysis of the physical parameters of the electric arc plasma. We used the lines Zn I 307.206 nm and Zn I 307.589 nm to measure the effective temperature of the central hot sections of the arc in a range of4500 - 6500 K. NaCl, BaCl2 and NaCl + T1C1 were studied to reduce the effect of the sample elemental composition on excitation conditions of the spectra and their stabilization as a spectroscopic carrier. In control experiments we used carrier-free samples. The coincidence of the values of the plasma physical parameters within the measurement error not exceeding 20%, as well as the identity of the nature of the kinetic curves for samples of phosphate precipitates and synthetic reference materials prove their correctness. The result of the study substantiate correctness of the direct atomic-emission spectral procedure in analysis of phosphate concentrates of fission when using synthetic reference materials.

Microfabricated Fiber Probe by Combination of Electric Arc Discharge and Chemical Etching Techniques

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 38-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Maisarah Mukhtar ◽  
P. Susthitha Menon ◽  
Sahbudin Shaari
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Chemical Etching ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Fiber Probe ◽  
Optical Fiber Probes ◽  
Electric Arc Discharge ◽  
Fiber Probes

In this study, optical fiber probes were fabricated by combination of electric arc discharge and chemical etching techniques. Size of tips diameters fabricated using different etching solutions were observed. When the optical fibers were pulled and heated by the electric arc discharge using a fusion splicer, fiber tips with few microns in diameter were obtained. To minimize the tips diameter, the pulled fiber probes were etched vertically for 10 minutes using two different etching solutions namely 49% HF and HF buffer solution (49% HF and 40% NH4F) with ratio of 2:1. A thick overlayer was added on top of the HF solution to prevent dangerous vapors escape to the environment. When the tapered part of the pulled fiber (FP1) was dipped into 49% HF solution, the diameter of tip was slightly decreased from 4.41μm to 1.31μm with etching rate of 5.17x10-3 μms-1. When the pulled fiber (FP2) was etched into HF buffer solution, the etching rate was increased up to 52.35% with the etching rate of 10.85x10-3μms-1. The tip diameter was reduced from 7.01μm to 468.9 nm in diameter. Combination of “heat and pull” technique with chemical etching by using HF buffer solution produced fiber probe with small tip diameter.

A study of helium gas clean-up in an electric arc discharge

1952 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Reddan ◽  
G. F. Rouse
Keyword(s):  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Electric Arc Discharge

Recent Advances in Electric Arc Plasma Generation Technology

ARS Journal ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD R. JOHN ◽  
WILLIAM L. BADE
Keyword(s):  
Electric Arc ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Plasma Generation ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Generation Technology

scholarly journals Experimental study on high-efficiency DC short electric arc milling of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongjie Zhou ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jianping Zhou ◽  
Lizhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Material Removal ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Electric Arc ◽  
Tool Electrode ◽  
Q235 Steel

Abstract Short electric arc milling (SEAM) is an efficient electrical discharge machining method, especially for the efficient removal of difficult-to-machine conductive materials with high hardness, high toughness, and wear resistance. In this study, titanium alloy Ti–6Al–4V is used as the research object to conduct machining experiments. The material removal mechanism of SEAM technology is studied using a DC power supply and different tool electrode materials (copper, graphite, Q235 steel, and titanium). The energy distribution of the discharge gap is analyzed using a data acquisition system and a high-speed camera. The arc is found to move with the spindle rotation in the process of arc discharge, and multi-point discharge occurs in the process of single-arc discharge. The voltage and current waveforms and the radius of the etched particles during the experiment were counted, the material removal rate (MRR) and relative tool wear rate (RTWR) are calculated, and the surface and cross-section micromorphology and hardness are analyzed. The experimental results show that when the electrode material is graphite, the maximum feed rate is 650 mm/min, the MRR can reach 17268 mm3/min, the ideal maximum MRR is more than 65000 mm3/min, and the RTWR is only 1.27%. When the electrode material is Q235 steel, the minimum surface roughness is 35.04 µm, and this material has good stability under different input voltages. When the electrode material is copper, the hardness of the resolidified layer is close to that of the base material, which is beneficial for further processing. The lowest specific energy consumption is 18.26 kJ/cm3 when titanium is used as the electrode material.

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