This paper presents first-order voltage-mode filters using a single current conveyor with an additional X-stage, and passive elements. The new circuits have multifunction capability, and also realize low-shelf, high-shelf and band-shelf functions. The study is carried out on the effects of non-idealities, parasitic elements, and loading on the performance of proposed circuits. Active and passive sensitivities are also analyzed. The active element, extra-X current conveyor used for designing new circuits is simpler than most of the one active element and two passive elements’ based circuits. Detailed comparisons are carried out with relevant available works, and the new circuits are found to be more compact and exhibit higher frequency performances. The simulation results using 0.25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m CMOS parameters with [Formula: see text]1.25[Formula: see text]V power-supply are shown to verify the proposed circuits. The proposed circuits are also verified through simulations. Experimental support is given using AD-844 ICs to strengthen the validity of the proposed circuits.
Electronically Adjustable Voltage-mode First-order Allpass Filter Using Single Commercially Available IC
