scholarly journals Transmitted Drug Resistance Is Still Low in Newly Diagnosed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 CRF06_cpx-Infected Patients in Estonia in 2010

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radko Avi ◽  
Kristi Huik ◽  
Merit Pauskar ◽  
Valentina Ustina ◽  
Tõnis Karki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Surveillance among Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals in Angola: Evidence for Low Level of Transmitted Drug Resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 3156-3158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Bártolo ◽  
Cheila Rocha ◽  
José Bartolomeu ◽  
António Gama ◽  
Marlene Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Transcriptase Inhibitor ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor

ABSTRACT The prevalence of transmitted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 drug resistance in Angola in 2001 in 196 untreated patients was investigated. All subtypes were detected, along with unclassifiable and complex recombinant strains. Numerous new polymorphisms were identified in the reverse transcriptase and protease. Two (1.6%) unrelated patients harbored nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor- and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant viruses (mutations: M41L, D67N, M184V, L210W, T215Y or T215F, and K103N). Continued surveillance of drug resistance is required for maximization of ART efficacy in Angola.

scholarly journals Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transmitted drug resistance among treatment-naive individuals residing in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa ◽  
Ni Luh Ayu Megasari ◽  
Retno Pudji Rahayu ◽  
Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum ◽  
Shuhei Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

The presence of transmitted drug resist- ance (TDR) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals naive to antiretroviral therapy, may affect the effectiveness of treatment. Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, recorded the high- est number of cumulative HIV infection cases in the country. This study aimed to identify on the appearance of TDR, as well as to identify HIV-1 subtypes circulating among treatment-naive individuals in Jakarta. Whole blood samples collected from 43 HIV-1 infected, treatment-naive individuals. Viral subtyping and drug resist- ance testing were performed on HIV-1 pol genes amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction. CRF01_AE was detected most frequently in Jakarta (73.08%). Drug resistance-related major mutation was not detected in protease fragments of pol gene, but two major mutations, K103N (6.67%) and Y181C (6.67%), were detected in reverse transcriptase fragments of pol gene. Our results suggest that TDR was emerged in Jakarta at a certain extent, thus further surveillance study to monitor the TDR prevalence and circulating HIV-1 subtypes in this region is considered to be necessary.

scholarly journals Pretreatment human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance in transmission clusters of the Cologne-Bonn region, Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 253.e1-253.e4 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stecher ◽  
A. Chaillon ◽  
A.M. Eis-Hübinger ◽  
C. Lehmann ◽  
G. Fätkenheuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Nucleotide and Amino Acid Polymorphisms at Drug Resistance Sites in Non-B-Subtype Variants of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 2993-2998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Turner ◽  
Bluma Brenner ◽  
Daniela Moisi ◽  
Mervi Detorio ◽  
Raymond Cesaire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Subtype A ◽  
Silent Substitutions

ABSTRACT We have compared nucleotide substitutions and polymorphisms at codons known to confer drug resistance in subtype B strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) with similar substitutions in viruses of other subtypes. Genotypic analysis was performed on viruses from untreated individuals. Nucleotide and amino acid diversity at resistance sites was compared with a consensus subtype B reference virus. Among patients with non-subtype B infections, polymorphisms relative to subtype B were observed at codon 10 in protease (PR). These included silent substitutions (CTC→CTT, CTA, TTA) and an amino acid mutation, L10I. Subtype A viruses possessed a V179I substitution in reverse transcriptase (RT). Subtype G viruses were identified by silent substitutions at codon 181 in RT (TAT→TAC). Similarly, subtype A/G viruses were identified by a substitution at position 67 in RT (GAC→GAT). Subtype C was distinguished by silent substitutions at codons 106 (GTA→GTG) and 219 (AAA→AAG) in RT and codon 48 (GGG→GGA) in PR. Variations relative to subtype B were seen at RT position 215 (ACC→ACT) for subtypes A and A/E. These substitutions and polymorphisms reflect different patterns of codon usage among viruses of different subtypes. However, the existence of different subtypes may only rarely affect patterns of drug resistance-associated mutations.

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