Enablement Invoked as a “Super-Written Description Requirement” to Overturn $2.5 Billion Jury Verdict

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-67
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Holman
Keyword(s):  
Jury Verdict ◽  
Written Description

Idenix v. Gilead: The enablement and written description limits of a genus claim

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Keith A Zullow ◽  
Cindy Chang ◽  
Sean Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Federal Circuit ◽  
Written Description ◽  
Insufficient Number

In Idenix Pharms. LLC v. Gilead Sci. Inc., 941 F.3d 1149 (Fed. Cir. 2019), the Federal Circuit affirmed a judgment of invalidity of a patent claiming methods for treating Hepatitis C virus for, inter alia, lack of enablement. The Supreme Court denied Idenix’s petition for a writ of certiorari, meaning that the Federal Circuit decision stands, and genus claims covering thousands of compounds that were supported by an insufficient number of examples have failed the enablement test not once, but twice. See Wyeth & Cordis Corp. v. Abbott Labs., 720 F.3d 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2013). This case report presents the context surrounding the Federal Circuit’s Idenix decision and the Supreme Court’s decision not to hear the case.

An exploratory study on pro-drop in a written description task in L2 Spanish

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
An Vande Casteele ◽  
Alejandro Palomares Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Language Learners ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
L2 Spanish ◽  
Spanish Language Learners ◽  
Description Task ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Written Description

Abstract The present article aims at investigating the pro-drop phenomenon in L2 Spanish. The phenomenon of pro-drop or null subject is a typological feature of some languages, which are characterized by an implicit subject in cases of topic continuity. More specifically, behaviour regarding subject (dis)continuity in Spanish differs from French. This paper will offer a contrastive analysis on subject realisation by French learners of L2 Spanish compared to L1 Spanish speakers. So, the goal of this pilot study is to see if a different functioning in pro-drop in the mother tongue also influences the L2. The study is based upon a written description task presented to the two groups of participants: the experimental group of French mother tongue L2 Spanish language learners and the control group of Spanish native speakers.

Gender of an Expert Witness and the Jury Verdict

2002 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Couch ◽  
Jennifer N. Sigler
Keyword(s):  
Expert Witness ◽  
Jury Verdict

scholarly journals Written description

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 821-821
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Written Description

10. Introduction to the Simplified Sign System

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
John D. Bonvillian ◽  
Nicole Kissane Lee ◽  
Tracy T. Dooley ◽  
Filip T. Loncke
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Memory Aids ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Written Descriptions ◽  
Supporting Materials ◽  
Written Description

Chapter 10 provides an introduction to the organization of the Simplified Sign System lexicon and its supporting materials. This chapter explains the various conventions used in the sign illustrations so that learners can accurately interpret the drawings, including the numbering of initial, intermediate, and final positions; the size, shape, and repetition of arrows, quotes, and other marks that depict the sign’s movement; and the provision of facial expressions on signs that convey emotional information. Drawings and expanded written descriptions of the handshapes used in the Simplified Sign System are provided, along with information on how prevalent each handshape is in the system and a sampling of the particular meanings that a handshape can convey within the system. Drawings and written descriptions of the various palm orientations and finger/knuckle orientations used in the system are provided as well so that family members, educators, and other professionals will be able to accurately interpret each sign’s written description. Also discussed in this chapter are the memory aids provided with each sign, natural variations in sign formation and production that are to be expected, as well as what to do if a sign learner has functional use of only one hand and arm.

scholarly journals Forensic Engineering Assessment Of Safety For Stand Up Forklifts

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Ziernicki ◽  
Railsback Benjamin T.
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Safety Engineering ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Jury Verdict ◽  
Limb Injury ◽  
Forensic Engineering

Forklifts Operated From A Stand Up Position Rather Than A Seated Position Offer A Significant Advantage To Increase Warehouse Capacity. Stand Up Lift Trucks Can Be Operated In Warehouse Aisles As Narrow As 8 Feet. In Contrast, Traditional Sit Down Lift Trucks Typically Require Aisles Approximately 11 Feet Wide. This Paper Will Detail The Hazards Of Horizontal Intrusion And Lower Limb Injury For The Operators Of Stand Up Lift Trucks, Review Standards Related To Operator Protection Against Horizontal Intrusion And Lower Limb Injury, Summarize A Safety Engineering Analysis Of The Stand Up Lift Truck Design Including Guarding To Mitigate The Hazards, And Present Three Cases Tried To Jury Verdict Regarding Injury Accidents On Stand Up Lift Trucks.

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