Islamic Law Overview on The Cashback System and The Use of Shopee Coins in Buying Transactions in The Shopee Application

This study uses a descriptive qualitative method because it describes the data in the form of a written description. Types and sources of data in this study using primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data obtained in this study are conclusions from various processes in qualitative research. Starting from data collection, selecting appropriate data, presenting data and then concluding.The results of this study are in a review of Islamic Law, the provision of cashbacak promos by shopee parties to users is limited to giving gifts, as a marketing strategy to attract as many customers/users of the application as possible. And the use of shopee coins as discounted prices in buying and selling transactions is allowed, because the shopee coins used are obtained from cashback at the time of the previous transaction and the cashback is allowed.

Women's Experiences During COVID-19 in Bangladesh

This study is a content analysis of women's experiences during the COVID-19 (coronavirus) pandemic in Bangladesh, using a unique data set from Bangladesh's only emotional support and suicide prevention helpline. Each call to the helpline has a written description, completed by the individual answering the call, of the caller's condition and reasons for calling. We coded descriptions of calls received from female callers in the first 6 months of the pandemic ( N = 276) and in the same 6-month period from the previous year ( N = 224) for comparison. Findings revealed that for the most part, reasons for calling were largely similar across the 2 years, with the majority of calls involving relationships of various kinds (namely, parents, husbands, or romantic partners). Key differences between 2020 and 2019 include mental health concerns in relation to the pandemic and academic concerns being absent from the pandemic year. These findings contribute to the emerging literature of women's experiences during the pandemic and have implications for intervention and future research.

Agama, Modal Sosial dan Ketahanan Masyarakat dalam Menghadapi Bencana di Kota Banda Aceh

This article examines religion as social capital in realizing resilience in Aceh. The purpose of this research is to discuss how religion and its values become social capital, and how to socialize these religious values in society. This research is a qualitative research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from observable people's behavior. The theory used is social capital which believes that religious values, norms and beliefs contained in social structures and structures are able to bond and integrate society to move together to solve problems. The approach is ethnography, which is a written description of people's way of life. There are three data techniques, namely; interviews, observation and document study, then analyzed by exclusion, namely matching all data that has been obtained. The results showed that religion is capable of being a social capital, as well as having values and the norms of tawhid, patience, sincerity, tawakkal and togetherness; These values and norms have been socialized since Islam entered Aceh and continue to be carried out by families and religious leaders through education. Thus, through religion as social capital, it can create resilience in the face of disasters in Acehnese society

Idenix v. Gilead: The enablement and written description limits of a genus claim

In Idenix Pharms. LLC v. Gilead Sci. Inc., 941 F.3d 1149 (Fed. Cir. 2019), the Federal Circuit affirmed a judgment of invalidity of a patent claiming methods for treating Hepatitis C virus for, inter alia, lack of enablement. The Supreme Court denied Idenix’s petition for a writ of certiorari, meaning that the Federal Circuit decision stands, and genus claims covering thousands of compounds that were supported by an insufficient number of examples have failed the enablement test not once, but twice. See Wyeth & Cordis Corp. v. Abbott Labs., 720 F.3d 1380 (Fed. Cir. 2013). This case report presents the context surrounding the Federal Circuit’s Idenix decision and the Supreme Court’s decision not to hear the case.

The effects of online tactile information source for low-touch products on consumer responses

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the effects of web communities vs company websites in providing tactile information considering different types of product in terms of touch diagnosticity (low- vs. high-touch products). Design/methodology/approach Three experimental studies were conducted to examine the effect of online information sources (i.e. web communities vs. company websites) in providing tactile information on consumer responses, considering the moderation role of product type in terms of touch diagnosticity (low- vs. high-touch products, Study 1), the moderating role of type of information (tactile vs. generic, Study 2a); and the moderating role of need for touch (NFT) (Study 2a and 2b). Findings While previous research converges on the idea that the provision of a written description of tactile properties deriving from the product usage is particularly effective for products for which tactile information is diagnostic and for individuals high in NFT, the results demonstrated that the presence (vs. the absence) of the description of the tactile properties provided by web communities (vs. company websites) matters for those products for which touch is not diagnostic and for individuals low in NFT. Practical implications The findings have particular relevance for emerging brands intending to commercialize their products in the digital environment. These companies should be present in web communities to describe a product’s tactile characteristics, especially if not diagnostic. Originality/value This paper significantly contributes to a better understanding of a little studied area, namely, consumer responses toward haptic compensational strategies providing haptic cues (e.g. written description of tactile information along with pictures of products) aiming at compensating for the absence of touch, underlining the differential influence of online sources of tactile information on consumer responses across different types of products.

The Language Documentation Quartet

As we noted in an earlier paper (Musgrave & Thieberger 2012), the written description of a language is an essentially hypertextual exercise, linking various kinds of material in a dense network. An aim based on that insight is to provide a model that can be implemented in tools for language documentation, allowing instantiation of the links always followed in writing a grammar or a dictionary, tracking backwards and forwards to the texts and media as the source of authority for claims made in an analysis. Our earlier paper described our initial efforts to encode Heath’s (1984) grammar, texts (1980), and dictionary (1982) of Nunggubuyu, an Australian language from eastern Arnhemland. We chose this body of work because it was written with many internal links between the three volumes. The links are all encoded with textual indexes which looked to be ready to be instantiated as automated hyperlinks once the technology was available. In this paper, we discuss our progress in identifying how the four component parts of a description (grammar, text, dictionary, media, henceforth the quartet) can be interlinked, what are the logical points at which to join them, and whether there are practical limits to how far this linking should be carried. We suggest that the problems which are exposed in this process can inform the development of an abstract or theoretical data structure for each of the components and these in turn can provide models for language documentation work which can feed into hypertext presentations of the type we are developing.

254 Effect of presentation method on understanding of organic chemistry in an undergraduate animal nutrition course

An educator’s goal is to always explain classroom material to his or her students in the most efficient way possible. Chemistry is a fundamental foundation to the study of animal nutrition, but the concepts of organic chemistry are very difficult to relay to students of animal science, possibly due to the different types of student learners. It could be that mode of presentation may aid in relaying this information to the students. The sample for this experiment included students enrolled in an animal nutrition course at Tarleton State University. Students were presented with five methods of presentation of carbohydrate molecular structure in a laboratory session, each with an increasingly tactile approach: written description, printed 2-dimensional model, printed 3-dimensional model, ball-and-stick model, and self-constructing molecular model kit. Students were then asked to complete a survey to address effectiveness of presentation method. Data were analyzed using SAS v. 9.4. When addressing effectiveness of presentation method, the written description and the printed 2-dimensional model were rated as slightly-to-moderately effective (48.4 and 67.8%, respectively), the printed 3-dimensional model was rated as moderately effective (58.1%), the ball-and-stick model was rated as very effective (48.4%), and the self-constructing model was rated as very-to-extremely effective (80.6%). Cluster analysis revealed that students chose any of the presentation methods over the written description with preference for the self-constructing model. Results are interpreted to mean that presentation of organic chemistry concepts in animal nutrition are more effective when kinesthetic presentation methods are employed.

Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) I: The first place of publication for Cymatopleura brunii P. Petit, a review of its type specimens with a note on the name Surirella undata

The species Cymatopleura brunii was named by Paul Petit (Paul Charles Mirbel Petit, 1834–1913, TL-2: 199) but assumed to be first published by Jacques-Joseph Brun (1826–1908) in his article ‘Diatomées lacustres, marines ou fossiles, espèces nouvelles ou insuffisamment connues’ published in Le Diatomiste (Brun 1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24, reproduced here as Figure 5). Brun’s article is composed of only a series of plates accompanied with brief descriptions of most of the specimens illustrated. Although the four plates (XIV–XVII) were issued in sequence as part of the short-lived journal Le Diatomiste, they came with separate covers (the front cover is reproduced here as Figure 12; the end cover is plain). Brun (1895) is often cited as consisting of Pls XIV–XVII and plates XIX–XX. There are, however, just four plates: Pls XIV–XVII. Plate XVIII was never issued (see Le Diatomiste 2: 252) and plates XIX–XXIV are those illustrating Brun (1896), a different article. (A publication history of Le Diatomiste is in preparation). This series of plates included the figure of Cymatopleura brunii with the comment that “Peut etre consideree comme une variété arrondie et tres ridée de la Cym. hybernica W. Sm.” (Brun 1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24). Although without any proper written description, it can still be considered a validly published name (see Guiry in Guiry & Guiry 2020). Yet there is an earlier account, which appears to have never been cited since its publication, where Petit provided both a full description and a figure of Cymatopleura brunii (Petit in Lortet 1883: 191, pl. 23, fig. 61, description reproduced here as Figure 11, Petit’s figure is reproduced here as Figure 1). This figure appears to differ from that in Brun (1895: pl. XIV, fig. 24, reproduced here as Figure 5).

The Ordeal of Incongruity

By contrasting his own personal experience dancing with Smith’s preference for reading, the author engages a complex and far-reaching discussion of the role and importance of experience both in religious subjects studied and in the lives of the scholars. From a biologically and philosophically based theory of experience, the chapter examines the importance of repetition, feeling kinds of knowing, and gesture, among other aspects of being bodied, to posit that religion and also the study of religion are skills honed through long repetitive experience. The chapter also engages the implications that sensory-rich religious experience is transduced into written description that is often the only access scholars have to their subjects of study. Countering the common understanding that Smith is reluctant to value experience, the chapter shows that the core role of incongruity and difference Smith attributes to religion and its study amounts to, in his own terms, an ordeal or determining experience.

An exploratory study on pro-drop in a written description task in L2 Spanish

The present article aims at investigating the pro-drop phenomenon in L2 Spanish. The phenomenon of pro-drop or null subject is a typological feature of some languages, which are characterized by an implicit subject in cases of topic continuity. More specifically, behaviour regarding subject (dis)continuity in Spanish differs from French. This paper will offer a contrastive analysis on subject realisation by French learners of L2 Spanish compared to L1 Spanish speakers. So, the goal of this pilot study is to see if a different functioning in pro-drop in the mother tongue also influences the L2. The study is based upon a written description task presented to the two groups of participants: the experimental group of French mother tongue L2 Spanish language learners and the control group of Spanish native speakers.