Cerebral Hemodynamic Effects of 7.2% Hypertonic Saline in Patients with Head Injury and Raised Intracranial Pressure

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCA MUNAR ◽  
ANA M. FERRER ◽  
MIRIAM de NADAL ◽  
MARÍA A. POCA ◽  
SALVADOR PEDRAZA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Hemodynamic Effects ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamic

scholarly journals Individualizing hyperosmolar therapy for management of intracranial hypertension

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
Gentle Sunder Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Hypertonic Saline ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Treatment Threshold ◽  
Hyperosmolar Therapy ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Selection Of

Intracranial hypertension is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with brain injury. If not appropriately treated, it can precipitate brain ischemia, brain herniation and death. Hyperosmolar therapy remains the main armamentarium for management of raised intracranial pressure, especially in patients with diffuse lesions and where surgical options are not applicable. Substantial amount of studies have tried to explore the superiority of hypertonic saline or mannitol over the other. Due to significant heterogeneity in the pathophysiology of patients, variation in treatment threshold, method of drug administration and drug concentration, substantial evidence is lacking to support one agent over other. Hypertonic saline may be more effective than mannitol for lowering raised intracranial pressure. Well designed novel trials need to try to find the answer. Clinical, pathophysiological and biochemical data should be incorporated at bedside while individualizing selection of hyperosmolar therapy, with the aim to improve outcome and minimize harm.Journal of Society of Anesthesiologists of NepalVol. 4, No. 2, 2017, Page: 54-56 

scholarly journals Normal Values of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter on Computed Tomography and effect of Raised Intracranial Pressure on Head Injury Patients in North Central Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Ukamaka Dorothy Itanyi ◽  
Adebukola Morenike Leslie ◽  
James Nwabueze Chukwuegbo
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
P Value ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
North Central ◽  
Nerve Sheath

Aim: To establish a local nomogram of Computed Tomographic measurement of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter and determine the values that can objectively predict raised intracranial pressure. Study design:  observational retrospective study Place and duration of study:  Department of Radiology of University of Abuja teaching hospital, Abuja from March 2016 to February 2020. Methodology: We included  images of 356 patients referred to the Radiology department for brain CT. Data was grouped into three:(A) 200 non head injury patients as control,(B) head injury patients without radioclinical signs of raised ICP ,(C) head injury patients with at least one radiologic sign of  raised ICP.ONSD  obtained in axial scans at 3mm retrobulbar region at constant  window width and level of 250/50 were analysed using SAS software version 9.3 and statistical level of significance set at 0.05. Result: Mean ONSD of 200 normal patients was 4.4mm± 0.5 with no significant correlation with age and side. Mean ONSD of 118 head injury patients with CT signs of raised ICP was 6.0mm±0.7 while mean ONSD of 38 head injury patients without CT signs of raised ICP was 4.3mm±0.7. ONSD was slightly higher in patients with significant midline shift compared with patients without shift but no correlation with degree of shift. The ONSD value above which raised ICP can be predicted with the highest sensitivity and specificity was >5.2mm with Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (ROC) demonstrating an area under the curve of 0.9796 (p-value < 0.0001) with specificity of 93.5% and sensitivity of 90.7%. Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between ONSD measurement on CT and intracranial pressure. This measurement is therefore recommended as an additional indirect radiological marker of raised ICP. Normal mean ONSD in a North-Central Nigerian population is 4.4mm± 0.5 with 5.2mm proposed as the upper limit of normal.

Neurosurgery

2009 ◽  
pp. 179-208
Keyword(s):  
Status Epilepticus ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Severe Head Injury ◽  
Air Embolism ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Venous Air Embolism ◽  
Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage

Raised intracranial pressure 180 Severe head injury 182 Aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage 186 Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage 190 Sodium disturbances after brain injury 192 Venous air embolism 196 Status epilepticus 198 Spinal shock 202 Autonomic dysreflexia 204 Dystonic reactions 206 Intracranial pressure (ICP) >25 mmHg. •...

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document