Agricultural and Applied Economics Priorities for Solving Societal Challenges

Materials technology is a constantly evolving discipline, with new materials leading to novel applications. For example, new material properties arise from combining different materials into composites. Researching materials can help solve societal challenges, with the creation of innovative materials resulting in breakthroughs in overcoming hurdles facing humankind, including energy challenges and medical problems. Innovative materials breathe new life into industries and spur on scientific and technological discovery.

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The Blue-Green Urban Living Labs of Kuala Lumpur

Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal ◽

10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (13) ◽

pp. 359-367

Author(s):

Jamalunlaili Abdullah ◽

Raziah Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Hafiz Zainal

Keyword(s):

Green Infrastructure ◽

Publishing House ◽

Kuala Lumpur ◽

Urban Living ◽

The Public ◽

Societal Challenges ◽

Private Citizen ◽

Living Labs ◽

International Publishing ◽

Open Access Article

The extraordinary societal challenges demand cities to be innovative and adaptable to the needs of urban citizens. In the Malaysian context, the Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) has not been well incorporated into the ULLs. This paper seeks to address this gap by exploring the potential of the Blue-Green Urban Living Labs (BGULLs) at the Sungai Bunus catchment area. Using Google Form, survey questionnaire is conducted among professionals and the public. Findings of this unprecedented study suggest the BGULLs offer beyond beautification works, and it is voicing the virtual idea of the BGULLs into a real setting that reflects the public-private-citizen partnerships.Keywords: Urban living labs; Blue-Green Infrastructure; Innovation; societal challengeseISSN: 2398-4287 © 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v5i13.2072

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The Infrared Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI) for CLARREO

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12121915 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 1915

Author(s):

Joe K. Taylor ◽

Henry E. Revercomb ◽

Fred A. Best ◽

David C. Tobin ◽

P. Jonathan Gero

Keyword(s):

Brightness Temperature ◽

New Technologies ◽

Spectral Radiance ◽

Overall Design ◽

Societal Challenges ◽

Ideal System ◽

Uncertainty Estimates ◽

Infrared Spectrometer ◽

Global Coverage

The Absolute Radiance Interferometer (ARI) is an infrared spectrometer designed to serve as an on-orbit radiometric reference with the ultra-high accuracy (better than 0.1 K 3‑σ or k = 3 brightness temperature at scene brightness temperature) needed to optimize measurement of the long-term changes of Earth’s atmosphere and surface. If flown in an orbit that frequently crosses sun-synchronous orbits, ARI could be used to inter-calibrate the international fleet of infrared (IR) hyperspectral sounders to similar measurement accuracy, thereby establishing an observing system capable of achieving sampling biases on high-information-content spectral radiance products that are also < 0.1 K 3‑σ. It has been shown that such a climate observing system with <0.1 K 2‑σ overall accuracy would make it possible to realize times to detect subtle trends of temperature and water vapor distributions that closely match those of an ideal system, given the limit set by the natural variability of the atmosphere. This paper presents the ARI sensor's overall design, the new technologies developed to allow on-orbit verification and test of its accuracy, and the laboratory results that demonstrate its capability. In addition, we describe the techniques and uncertainty estimates for transferring ARI accuracy to operational sounders, providing economical global coverage. Societal challenges posed by climate change suggest that a Pathfinder ARI should be deployed as soon as possible.

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