AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA GEOGRAFIA PARA O ENSINO DE CIDADE E A FORMAÇÃO CIDADÃ

As cidades têm grande importância econômica, cultural e política na vida das pessoas que as habitam, ou que, de algum modo dependem delas. Essa temática tem sido estudada e apresentada de diversas formas por pesquisadores de várias áreas do conhecimento, configurando-se como uma discussão bem expressiva na Geografia. São encontrados no meio acadêmico brasileiro trabalhos que visam um ensino de cidade com foco para munícipios específicos, o que tem aproximado os conceitos inerentes à temática à realidade dos alunos, possibilitando melhor compreensão e aprendizagem. Além disso, é um assunto a partir do qual os professores podem trabalhar diversos temas e conceitos geográficos. A Geografia, por meio do ensino de cidade, proporciona aos alunos riquíssimas discussões sobre o viver urbano, os processos de (re)produção, os agentes envolvidos nesse processo, as lutas e os conflitos expressos nesses espaços. Assim, o objetivo desse trabalho é apontar as contribuições do ensino cidade para a formação cidadã, expor encaminhamentos de assuntos que podem ser estudados nesse conteúdo e apresentar algumas produções referentes ao ensino de cidade e a relação com a Geografia, publicados no âmbito das pós-graduações e em alguns periódicos. Como resultados temos uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre o tema em questão, além de encaminhamentos que contribuem para o ensino de cidade. Palavras-chave Geografia, Ensino de Cidade, Cidadania. THE CONTRIBUTIONS OF GEOGRAPHY TO CITY TEACHING AND CITIZEN EDUCATION Abstract Cities have great economic, cultural and political importance in the lives of the people who inhabit them, or who in some way depend on them. This theme has been studied and presented in different ways by researchers from various areas of knowledge, configuring itself as a very expressive discussion in Geography. There are works in the Brazilian academic environment that aim at teaching the city with a focus on specific municipalities, which has brought the concepts inherent to the theme closer to the students' reality, enabling better understanding and learning. In addition, it is a subject from which teachers can work on various geographic themes and concepts. Geography, through city teaching, provides students with very rich discussions about urban living, the (re) production processes, the agents involved in this process, the struggles and conflicts expressed in these spaces. Thus, the objective of this work is to point out the contributions of city education to citizen education, expose subjects that can be studied in this content and present some productions related to city education and the relationship with Geography, published in the scope of graduations and in some journals. As a result, we have a bibliographic research on the subject in question, in addition to referrals that contribute to the teaching of the city. Keywords Geography, City teaching, Citizenship.

Active Governance and Smart Citizenship

Cities are increasingly dependent on networks, sensors, and microcontrollers. Artificial intelligence has managed to mimic human behavior, and in a few years, many jobs may be replaced by computers or machines. Today, smart cities are evolving in all countries from the poorest to the most economically viable, and there are many smart city applications that rely on observation and participation of the citizens. Active citizens are interested in the benefits of their city, and they are involved in improving and promoting urban living. All levels of smart citizen participation are associated with liberal citizenship and personal autonomy and the choice of individuals to perform specific roles and take responsibility for their actions. The states in turn provide liberal forms of government. Smart cities need “smart people” who can take an active part in both governance and city reform. This kind of citizen participation is more than just a ritual participation in government.

Geographically Explicit Network Analysis of Urban Living and Working Interaction Pattern in Shenzhen City, South China

Human daily mobility plays an important role in urban research. Commuting of urban residents is an important part of urban daily mobility, especially in working days. However, the characteristic of the mobility network formed by the commuting of urban residents and its impact on the internal structure of the city are still an important work that needs to be explored further. Aiming to study the living–working interaction pattern of meta-populations over urban divisions within cities, a fine-grained dataset of living–working tracking of Shenzhen is curated and used to construct an urban living–working mobility network, and the living–working interaction pattern is analyzed through the community structures of the network. The results show that human daily mobility plays an important role in understanding the formation of urban structure, the administrative divisions of the city affect human daily mobility, and human daily mobility reacts on the formation of urban structure.

Socioeconomic Classes among Oldest-Old Women in South Korea: A Latent Class Analysis

Oldest-old women are known to live at the intersection of multiple socioeconomic disadvantages in South Korean society. This study classified oldest-old Korean women into several socioeconomically homogeneous classes based on various socioeconomic status (SES) risks and compared health characteristics among the identified classes. This cross-sectional study utilized the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey, including data from 11,053 women (≥80 years). Latent class analysis determined the number of underlying socioeconomic classes based on nine selected SES variables. Four distinct socioeconomic classes were identified: “Urban, living alone, recipient of NBLSS, moderate education, leisure activity” (Class 1), “Rural, traditional house, living with others, not financially deprived, low education, employed” (Class 2), “Urban, living with family, financially affluent, not employed, no barriers to healthcare” (Class 3), “Rural, traditional house, living alone, financially deprived, uneducated, employed, barriers to healthcare” (Class 4). Depressive symptoms, subjective stress, and the prevalence of sleep disorder and diabetes were higher in Class 1 compared to other classes. Health-related quality of life, perceived health, and self-rated oral health were the poorest in Class 4. Class 3 reported the best health status. Understanding the intersecting SES risk factors in this group can aid in developing targeted interventions.

Tech-noiR: An Exploration of Interior Spaces in an Urban context generated by Emergent Technology

<p>Poor pedestrian and transportation circulation, overpopulation, expensive cost of living—these are some of the issues inherent to any urban metropolis around the world. As cities develop and grow, more job opportunities open up for people, which leads to the increase in city population. This growth affects the city’s lifestyle, leading to overpopulation, poor circulation and expensive cost of living within the urban centre. Influenced by the concept ‘time is of the essence’, urban living has become synonymous to an autonomous service stuck within a loophole. This lifestyle, now further propelled by the presence of technology, can prove to be detrimental to the inhabitants’ comfort and well-being. In order to adapt to an impending future of the urban areas, an alternative to future urban living using technology with a minimal yet comfortable dwelling must be provided. The thesis proposes that emergent technology as a design-generating tool along with ergonomic design and depictions of visionary architecture are capable of producing an alternative to urban minimal dwellings in the future. It contends that these future urban minimal dwellings can be developed by: mapping and understanding emergent technologies potentially usable in interior architecture that can be developed into tools; collecting and analysing ergonomic principles and techniques appropriate to interior architecture; collecting and analysing literature about minimal dwelling in modern history; and analysing components and technologies used in depicted living spaces within selected filmography.</p>

Tech-noiR: An Exploration of Interior Spaces in an Urban context generated by Emergent Technology

<p>Poor pedestrian and transportation circulation, overpopulation, expensive cost of living—these are some of the issues inherent to any urban metropolis around the world. As cities develop and grow, more job opportunities open up for people, which leads to the increase in city population. This growth affects the city’s lifestyle, leading to overpopulation, poor circulation and expensive cost of living within the urban centre. Influenced by the concept ‘time is of the essence’, urban living has become synonymous to an autonomous service stuck within a loophole. This lifestyle, now further propelled by the presence of technology, can prove to be detrimental to the inhabitants’ comfort and well-being. In order to adapt to an impending future of the urban areas, an alternative to future urban living using technology with a minimal yet comfortable dwelling must be provided. The thesis proposes that emergent technology as a design-generating tool along with ergonomic design and depictions of visionary architecture are capable of producing an alternative to urban minimal dwellings in the future. It contends that these future urban minimal dwellings can be developed by: mapping and understanding emergent technologies potentially usable in interior architecture that can be developed into tools; collecting and analysing ergonomic principles and techniques appropriate to interior architecture; collecting and analysing literature about minimal dwelling in modern history; and analysing components and technologies used in depicted living spaces within selected filmography.</p>